Pakati pa mitundu yomwe imalimidwa kumera kumpoto kwa Russia, phwetekere ya Snowdrop ndi amodzi mwamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso yotchuka pakati pa akatswiri olima dimba. Dzinalo limadziwikitsa mbali zake zazikulu - kukana chisanu kwambiri, kusafuna. Kukula tomato Snowdrop kumakupatsani mwayi wokolola kwambiri m'malo omwe, chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta, izi sizinabzalidwe posachedwa.
Zosiyanasiyana zidagawidwa zigawo zakumpoto ndi obereketsa a Siberian mu 2000, ndipo chaka chotsatira zidalembedwa kale mu State Register. Wopanga mbewu ku kampani yaulimi "Biotechnika". Adalimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa ku Siberia (malo obiriwira otentha), ku Urals (m'mabedi otentha), msewu wapakati (pabwalo lotseguka). Zosavomerezeka komanso zosagwirizana ndi chisanu ndi chilala, mitundu iyi, yokhala ndi nyengo yozizira, siyabwino kum'mwera - malo otentha ndi oopsa.
Zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wawo
Mitunduyi ndi yakucha, tomato amapsa patatha masiku 80-90 mutamera mphukira, ndizofunikira kwambiri kumadera akumpoto nthawi yachilimwe. Zipatso za chipale chofewa ndizokulungika, ndipo zamkati, zamkati, masamba osalala, osagwirizana ndi khungu, ofiira ofiira.
Mumabrashi muli zidutswa 5, zolemera 90-150 g - kukula kwakukulu pamtunda woyamba, wokwera burashi, wocheperako kukula kwa tomato. Chimakoma chabwino, shuga. Oyenera zakudya zatsopano ndi zamzitini. Kwa nthawi yayitali mutha kusunga zokolola.
Zabwino ndi zovuta za phwetekere mitundu ya Snowdrop
Wamaluwa omwe amalima tomato wa Snowdrop amawona zabwino zambiri zamitundu iyi:
- Choyambirira chachikulu ndicho kudzikhuthula, chifukwa chake ndikotheka kupeza mbewu zokhazikika ndi mtengo wokwanira kusamalira mbewu.
- Kutha kulekerera chisanu, ndikukhalabe ndi zokolola zambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'malo omwe kubwereranso kuzizira, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, Chipale chofewa chimatha kubzalidwa poyera.
- Kulekerera bwino chilala, kulola nthawi yocheperako kuthirira. Mwa mitundu iyi, ngakhale chinyezi chowonjezera ndizovulaza, zomwe zingayambitse kuzungulira kwa mizu, kuwonongeka kwa mochedwa kuvulala.
- Ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi, sugwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
- Sichifunika kudina. Koma muyenera mapangidwe tchire, garter. Nthawi zambiri mumamera nthambi zitatu, zomwe sizimere zambiri ndikuzisiya zonse kuti zitheke.
- Amakula bwino ngakhale pama dothi omwe atha. Izi zimasiyanitsa Snowdrop ndi mitundu ina. Chifukwa tomato ambiri amafunikira kwambiri panthaka.
- Itha kudalilidwa munthawi iliyonse - malo otseguka, wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha.
- Kukolola kwakukulu - zipatso 45 kuchokera ku chitsamba, 6 makilogalamu komanso zochulukirapo kuchokera pa lalikulu mita.
- Kukoma kwambiri kosangalatsa, kwamkaka wopaka zipatso. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Universal. Zabwino kwa saladi zatsopano ndi magawo, komanso kuthengo ndi kuteteza.
- Makhalidwe apamwamba - zipatso zokongola, moyo wautali, zimasungidwa bwino panthawi yoyendera. Wojambula mu gawo la mkaka wokucha, wosungidwa pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Ndipo ngati amachotsera zobiriwira, ndiye kuti pansi pazinthu zapadera zimatha kusungidwa ngakhale kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, kuti zipse, sankhani malo abwino ndi malo kwa masiku angapo pamalo otentha, owala.
Pali zovuta zingapo:
- chachikulu - chowonjezereka pakuvala kwapamwamba, sichilola kulephera kwa feteleza ndi kuchuluka kwawo;
- Kupanga tchire ndi garter zofunika.
Zinthu za kulima, kubzala ndi chisamaliro
Madeti obzala komanso njira yolimitsira zimadalira dera, amasinthidwa mogwirizana ndi malo amderalo.
Ngati madera akumpoto kulima ndi kothekera kwa malo obiriwira, ndiye kuti m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia zingabzalidwe poyera. Zosiyanasiyana zimamera mbande komanso kudzifesa pabedi.
Kukula mbande
Pakati nyengo yabwino, nthangala za chipale chofewa zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Nthawi yofikira kumayambiriro kwa Epulo kapena imasankhidwa malinga ndi nyengo yam'deralo.
Dziko lapansi silikulimbikitsidwa kuti libzikizidwe mophatikiza ndi michere, chifukwa ndiye mbewuzo zimakula, ndipo zipatso zochepa ndizomangidwa. Mbande zimakula monga momwe zimakhalira tomato aliyense. Poyera pansi m'munda June.
Kulima mbewu
Mukabzala mbeu nthawi yomweyo pamalo pomwe nyanya imamera, mutha kupeza zitsamba zolimba ndi zipatso zambiri.
Ubwino wobzala tomato Chipale chofewa m'njira yopanda mmera:
- mbewu zimawuma bwino;
- tchire samatulutsa - chifukwa chake zipatso zimamangidwa bwino;
- tomato oterowo amasinthidwa mikhalidwe ya m'mundamo;
- Mizu yake imayikidwa pansi kwambiri, chifukwa zomwe mbali zam'mwambazi zimakula bwino.
Kufotokozera kwa ntchitoyo:
- kuphika bedi, odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kupanga 1m;
- yikani mizere iwiri yotalika, yomwe kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 cm;
- pansi pamiyala imakongoletsedwa ndikuthiriridwa ndi potaziyamu yolumikizira potaziyamu;
- kuphimba ndi kanema kwa sabata kuti atenthe nthaka;
- ngati kukutentha kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndiye kuti mbewu sizingathe kunyowetsedwa, ndi kutentha kwanyengo ziyenera kumere choyamba;
- njere zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga ndikufesedwa mizere, zowazidwa pang'ono ndi nthaka ndikufundidwa ndi filimu;
- mbande zoyambirira zimawonekera mu sabata yomwe ikakula, mbewuzo ndizochepa thupi, kusiya zolimba kwambiri, mtunda pakati pawo uzikhala 30-50 cm;
- ndi kukula kwa tchire, filimuyo imakwezedwa pamwamba, nthawi ndi nthawi imachotsedwa kuti mpweya wabwino uume komanso kuumitsa mbewu, koyambirira kwa June amachotsedwa;
- Tomato wotere poyamba amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma mpaka amapeza mbande zobzala.
Mavuto omwe anakumana nawo pakulima mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Snowdrop ndikuchotsa kwawo
Pakakulitsa mtundu wosagonjetseka wotere, zovuta zina zimatha kubuka ndiukadaulo wolakwika waulimi. Njira za pa nthawi yake zimathandizira kubwezeretsa kukula komanso zipatso za phwetekere.
| Vutoli | Chifukwa | Njira yothetsera |
| Kugwa kwa masamba | Masamba amatembenuka ndikutembenukira chikasu kumapeto kwake, ndikutsatira ndikugwa ndi chinyezi komanso kusowa kwa dzuwa. | Pakutero, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kwathunthu mpaka nthaka yapansi ikomoka, kenako ndikunyowetsedwa moyenera ngati pakufunika. Kuwongolera kuwunikira m'malo obiriwira, nyali zam'maso zimayatsidwa, ndipo m'mabedi otseguka zimayeretsa danga kuchokera kuzomera zochulukirapo zowazungulira. |
| kuwuluka maluwa | Vutoli limadza chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa mbewu pakusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. | Popewa kugwa kwa inflorescence, nthaka idakhazikika - usiku, mizu imatetezedwa ku hypothermia, ndipo masana kuchokera pakubwera chinyezi. |
| Zipatso zimagwa | Amawonekera pakukhwima kwamkaka kwa phwetekere chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cholumikizira cha mwana wosabadwa ndi tsinde zowola. | Kuzungulira kumachitika chifukwa chothirira kwambiri - kuchepetsa kwake kumathetsa vutoli. |
| Kubera phwetekere | Amawoneka phesi ndipo amatha kufalikira pakhungu lonse. Cholinga chake ndikuthirira nthawi yayitali. | Kuti mupewe vutoli, thirirani madzi pang'ono, koma pafupipafupi, kuti nthaka isawonongeke. |
A Dachnik akudziwitsa: kuwunika koyerekeza phwetekere Snowdrop ndi mitundu ina ya phwetekere yosapanda chisanu
| Gulu | Unyinji wa zipatso (g) | Kupanga (kg / sq.m) | Madera ndi malo okulira |
| Chipale chofewa | 90-150 | 6-10 | Chilichonse kupatula chakum'mwera (nyengo yotentha silivomereza, koma imasinthidwa bwino ndi malo owopsa kumpoto). M'malo obiriwira, malo otentha, malo otseguka. |
| Chitumbuwa cha dzinja | 30 | 9-10 | Kumpoto, Central, North Caucasian. Imalekerera nyengo zoyipa, idapangidwira zigawo zakumpoto ndi zapakati. M'malo obiriwira, malo otseguka (ngakhale kumpoto). |
| Chipale chofewa | 25-30 | 3 | Madera onse. Sungani zokolola zabwino ngakhale pang'ono kapena zochepa. Potseguka, m'nyumba zamkati. |
| Leningrad kuzizira | 60-90 | 3 | Madera onse. Ozizira osagonjetsedwa mosiyanasiyana, wokhala ndi gawo loti azilimidwa kumpoto chakumadzulo, Karelia pamalo otseguka nyengo yachilimwe. |
| Kumpoto kwenikweni | 60-80 | 2 | Madera onse. M'mabedi otseguka. Kumagawo akum'mwera, iwo omwe alibe nthawi yambiri yosamalira mbewu amakonda kulima, chifukwa mitunduyi ndi yosasamala, chisamaliro chochepa chimafunikira. Kumpoto kwakumpoto, zipatso zimakhala ndi nthawi kuti zipse mwachidule chilimwe. |
| Mphepo idakwera | 140-160 | 6-7 | Madera onse. M'mabedi otseguka, pansi pa malo okhala akanema. Zoyenera madera osintha nyengo. Osakana kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa, chinyezi chambiri ndi zina zoyipa. |
Makhalidwe a mitundu ya phwetekere Snowdrop ndi kuwunika kwa wamaluwa akuwonetsa kuti mbewu izi ndizopindulitsa paz mitundu ina yolimbana ndi chisanu.
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya chaka chapakatikati yopangira madera akum'mwera ndi akum'mwera, amabala zokolola zochepa. Koma pakati pa iwo opatsidwa gawo lakumpoto iwo amadziwika ndi zipatso zochulukirapo, amatha kukula ngakhale pamtunda wochepa, kukana zovuta, kusasala kuchoka.
