Krossandra - yopatsa phokoso kwambiri. Pansi pa zinthu zosamalidwa bwino, sizikhala zolakwika pang'ono ndipo zimatha kuwonongeka mosavuta, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kubwezeretsa. Kubalana kwa dziko lamtunda kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi cuttings. Sizitchuka kwambiri pakati pa florists. Mwa mitundu 50 yomwe ikukula m'chilengedwe, pali mitundu iwiri yokha, yozikika m'nyumba - chithunzithunzi chapansi ndi chopanda pake.
Chomera ichi ndi chopindulitsa kusankha kumera kunyumba chifukwa cha maluwa ake oyambirira ndi aatali, omwe mosamala amatha kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka autumn. Maluwawo ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa mpweya wamkuntho, kupopera mbewu mobwerezabwereza ndi kupezeka kwa zomera zina zamkati.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Njira yotereyi monga kufalitsa mbewu zapakati pa mbewu sizinalandire kupezeka kokwanira pakati pa mafani a maluwa awa, kuyambira Iye satsimikizira kuti kusungunuka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yonse ndi yosakanizidwa ndi kubzala zomera. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mbeu ikafesa bwino, duwa limakula limakhala labwino ndi lokongola, motero kumatsimikizira kukula kwa mibadwo yonse yotsatira. Kwenikweni, chipatso cha chomeracho chili ndi mbewu zinayi. 
Mukudziwa? Crossander ndi wotchuka kwambiri ku dziko lakwawo, ku India ndi pachilumba cha Sri Lanka, kumene akazi amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa ake ngati zokongoletsera tsitsi kuti azipita kukachisi.
Kusankhidwa kwa kubzala zakuthupi
Kulima mbewuyi kumalimbikitsidwa kugula mbewu m'masitolo apadera a maluwa. Mbeu zatsopano zokolola za m'nyumbayi zimakhala ndi bwino kwambiri kumera, sizikusowa chithandizo chokonzekera. Koma ogulawo amafunika kuchitidwa muzitsamba zowonongeka asanayambe kapena kuthira maola awiri m'madzi otentha (24-25 ° C).
Gawo lapansi ndi mphamvu
Pofuna kumera mbewu zochokera kumbewu kuchokera ku mbewu, gawo loyenerera kwambiri ndilo losakaniza la peat ndi mchenga wothira mafuta ndi kowonjezera kokonati ndi fhagnum, zomwe zingagulidwe mosavuta m'masitolo ogulitsa. Zomwe zimapanga nthakayi zimakhala bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha mbewu zomwe zimabzalidwa bwino, zimadutsa chinyontho komanso zimachepetsa kukula kwa kubzala. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mabokosi ang'onoang'ono kapena miphika, yomwe imayenera kuikidwa ndi polyethylene kapena galasi kuti ifulumizitse mphukira ndi kukhala ndi mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa chinyezi, idzakhala yoyenera mbewu zowera. 
Kubzala maluwa
Pamene zofunikira zofunika kuti mbewu zizitha kuonekera, mbande zoyamba zimaonekera mkati mwa masabata 2-3. Mbewu zawo zomwe zimasonkhanitsa zimamera mofulumira - mkati mwa masabata 1-1.5. Izi zimapindula pokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa 20-22 ° C ndi mkulu chinyezi.
Piritsi yanu idzakhala yokongoletsedwa ndi pentasy yobiriwira, calceolaria, royal pelargonium, zigokaktusy, masango, Cattleya, lantana.Patatha mwezi umodzi, mbewu zouma zimayenera kulowa m'miphika yaing'ono yosiyana. Pambuyo pa mwezi wina, nyemba zimatsitsa ndi 3-4 pamiphika yayikulu. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito peat, nthaka yovunda ndi nthaka yofanana. Msakanizo wapamwamba ayenera kukonzedwa ndi mchenga kapena perlite.
Chotsatira chake, zomera zazing'ono zimatha kukula mofulumira mizu, mphukira zawo zimatulutsa, ndipo maluwa omwe amayembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali amapezeka. Njira zonse zolima ndi kuziika zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zichitike mpaka mwezi wa August, popeza zitatha izi, zochita zilizonse ndi zomera zingakhudze kukula kwake ndi chitukuko. 
Osati zokongola zokha, komanso zothandiza: chlorophytum, alowe, geranium, Kalanchoe, chrysanthemums, cacti, sansevieria, yucca.
Cuttings
Njira ina yobereketsera kudula - pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings - ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa florists chifukwa cha kuwala kwake ndi ntchito yake. Ikhoza kuchitika chaka chonse.
Kugula kwa cuttings
Kwa kubalana, cuttings a 8-10 masentimita m'litali ndi abwino, amene, pambuyo kudula, ayenera kukonzedwa ndi kukula stimulator ndi masamba ena kuchotsedwa. Kubzala kuti zimere kumera kungakhale kumtunda komanso m'madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Nyengo isanayambe, phulani mphukira ya crossbands mu theka la kutalika kwake. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi zokongoletsa za zomera.
Njira zowonongeka
Pali njira zitatu zowonjezera crossander cuttings:
- Rooting cuttings zimachitika mu kuwala. Kuti mupulumutse, mukhoza kubzala mbande zingapo mu chidebe chimodzi chochepa. Ichi ndi chomera chokonda chinyezi, choncho dothi liyenera kukhala losungunuka nthawi zonse ndikupaka kudula ndi madzi. Pofuna kumera bwino, yikani poto ndi kapu ya pulasitiki kapena filimu. Kuwonjezera pa nthaka yochepa, cococoate ndiyeneranso kukula. Mwinamwake kumera kwa nthawi yaitali kwa kudula m'nyengo yachisanu-yozizira, ndiye kuti kuleza mtima kwanu ndi chisamaliro chanu ndizofunikira.
- Rooting cuttings crossander mu madzi. Kudula masentimita 10 kumasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera chachikulu ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi. Kudikira maonekedwe a mizu ndikuwongolera ku nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, yoyenera kulima.
- Rooting cuttings mu peat mapiritsi "Jiffy". Imodzi mwa njira zoyenera kwambiri. Musanalowetse piritsi mmenemo, piritsili liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi madzi, kupindikizidwa pang'ono ndi kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu. Sakanizani tsinde musanadzale ku Kornevin, yomwe imalimbikitsa kukula, ndikuyimira piritsi. Pambuyo pake, ikani mu kapu yoyonekera kapena botolo lodula, liphimbe ndi chidebe chomwecho pamwamba ndi chitetezo ndi tepi. Malo ozunguliridwa ayenera kukhala ofunda ndi ofunika. M'mweziwu, fufuzani ngati kudula kwakhazikika.
Kumbukirani kuti rooting ya cuttings ikhoza kuchitika mofulumira ngati muwapereka ndi zinthu zobiriwira - kuphimba ndi zojambulazo ndikuwotha nthaka.Kubzala mbewu
Kawirikawiri, crossander cuttings zimere mkati mwa miyezi iwiri kapena iwiri. Zimamera mizu ndi kutsitsa zidutswa 3-4 mu mphika umodzi waukulu. Pofuna kuti chitsamba chikhale chowoneka chowopsa komanso chowopsa, madzi amafunikira.
Dothi lokongola la kukula ndi chitukuko lidzakhala chisakanizo cha 1 mbali ya humus yowola, 1/3 gawo la mchenga kapena perlite, 1 gawo peat ndi nthaka imodzi ya masamba. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphika ndi dzenje.
Powonjezereka, achinyamata ambiri amapitikizidwa ndi kuikidwa tsiku lililonse la February kulowa m'nthaka yatsopano yopindulitsa ndi zinthu zothandiza. Pa nthawi yomweyi nthawi iliyonse yowonjezera kukula kwa mphika. Pofuna kulimbikitsa maluwa ochuluka, chotsani maluwa owuma ndi spikes nthawi.
Crossander ndi yosatha, koma m'kupita kwanthawi, zomera zazikulu zimataya chidwi chawo. Zimayambira kugwa kwa masamba akale, kutambasula zimayambira. Zotsatira zake, mphukira imodzi yatsopano imatha kukula kuchokera pamwamba pa Mphukira. Choncho, alimi ambiri amayamba kukula maluwawa pachaka, chaka chilichonse kuchotsa chomera chakale ndi mwana wakula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena cuttings.
Mukudziwa? Yoyamba yowonongeka ya dziko lapansi yotchedwa "Mona Wallhead" inakhazikitsidwa mu 1950 ku Sweden. Zinasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yonse ya chilengedwe mwachangu, kugwirizana ndi kudzichepetsa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikule kunyumba.
Kutuluka mutatha
Pambuyo pa kumera bwino mbeu kapena cuttings, kukula kwachitsamba chimayamba. Nthawi yochuluka yofika msinkhu wa msinkhu wa msinkhu wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi umodzi. Kunyumba, imatha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 30-50, mwachilengedwe imatha kufika mamita 1.
Kusamalira maluwa awa kungaoneke kovuta, chifukwa kuli ndi chiyambi chachilendo. Koma pali zifukwa zingapo zophweka zomwe ngakhale wopanga chithunzithunzi angakhoze kuchigwira.
Chomerachi chimakonda kuwala kowala, koma sikuyenera kuwonetseredwa ndi dzuwa pawindo, popeza masambawo angakhale ndi mthunzi wofiira. Choyenera pa nkhaniyi chikanakhala chosiyana. Kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda chokula kumtunda wa dziko liyenera kukhala 18-20 ° C. M'nyengo yotentha mumalimbikitsidwa kuti muzitha kutsuka masamba m'mawa ndi madzulo ndi madzi otentha kapena osungunuka kuchokera ku sprayer. Kumbukirani kuti chomera sichimakonda kujambula, kotero simusowa kuchotsa chipinda. 
Ndikofunikira! Samalirani kwambiri kuthirira dziko lamtunda, chifukwa akhoza kufa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena kuchepa.Kuthirira kumaphatikiza ndi madzi kutentha kutentha pamene dothi limauma. M'nthawi ya chilimwe - kamodzi mu masiku 7-10, m'nyengo yozizira mu nyengo yowuma m'chipinda - kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Mukamwetsa kawiri pamwezi pa maluwa, onjezani madzi apadera ovuta feteleza kuti azitsuka m'madzi.
Crossander ikhoza kuthamanga m'nyengo yozizira, koma imathamangitsa msanga. Choncho, panthawi ya kulima kwa nthawi yaitali, perekani malo othawirako kuyambira mu October mpaka February mu chipinda chomwe chili ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa 16-18 ° C, kuphatikizapo njira iliyonse yopangira feteleza kapena kudyetsa.
Monga mukuonera, kukula ndi kusamalira kunyumba kwa chomera chodabwitsa chotere monga dziko lopanda malire kumafuna kusamala komanso kutsatira malamulo onse. Poyang'anira chisamaliro chanu, duwa ili lidzakondweretsa inu ndi maluwa ake ambiri, kubweretsa chisangalalo cha tchuthi chowala kwambiri kunyumba kwanu ndi kukhala chokongoletsera nthawi iliyonse ya chaka.
