Primrose ya m'nyumba: chisamaliro cha kunyumba ndi kuswana

Primrose ndi chomera chaching'ono chokongoletsera, nthawi yamaluwa yomwe imayamba kumayambiriro kwamasika. Dzinalo ndi primrose, limazika mizu panthaka komanso kunyumba.

Kodi primrose amawoneka bwanji?

Duwa la Primrose ndi chomera chamtundu wina wa banja la Primrose. Masamba amajambulidwa ndimtundu wamtambo wobiriwira, nthawi zambiri amakhala monophonic. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe amatsika pansi. Kutengera ndi mitundu, m'mphepete mwa masamba ndiwosalala kapena mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ake ndi osalala kapena okongoletsedwa. Masamba adakutidwa ndi mulu waung'ono, wofewa komanso pang'ono fluffy kukhudza.

Kutalika kwa phesi lokhala ndi maluwa nthawi zambiri sikhala kopitilira 25-50 masentimita, pamunsi pake gulu la masamba limakula, lomwe limayikidwa pamwamba pa dothi. Pamwamba pa peduncle pali inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera, yomwe ili ndi gulu la maluwa. Mitundu yokhala ndi tsinde lalifupi ndi maluwa amodzi amapezeka. Maluwa amatha kujambulidwa zachikaso, zofiirira, zoyera ndi zofiira, komanso zamtundu wa pinki ndi lilac. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala zowoneka bwino kapena zokongola, pachimake pa duwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu.

Maluwa apinki

Maluwa mu kukula kwathunthu

Mitundu wamba

Pali mitundu 20 ya primrose yomwe imamera mu nyengo yamchigawo chapakati, monga:

• Primrose wamba wosatheka sifika osaposa 20 cm. Masamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana, pamwamba pamakhala ndi lamba, wopaka utoto wobiriwira. Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi maluwa okhala ndi masentimita 3-4, utoto ukhoza kukhala wosiyana. Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo, akutha mu Julayi;
• Primrose yoyambira - chomera osatha omwe amapezeka m'nkhalango zamtchire, minda ndi mitengo. Mizu yake imayamba bwino. Kutalika kwa phesi ndi mkati mwa 15-25 masentimita, masamba ndi owongoka komanso osagwirizana komanso mbali zomata. Maluwa ali utoto wachikaso, wotengedwa mu inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera;
• Primrose ya mphesa Mizu yake imamera mu nthaka yamiyala, masamba ake amakhala olimba. Pamwamba pa pepalalo ndi yosalala komanso yowoneka bwino, utoto wonyezimira utoto. Phula lokhala ndi maluwa ndi lalitali, limakula mpaka 20-25 cm. Pamwambapa pali inflorescence wa mawonekedwe owoneka, omwe amakhala ndi maluwa achikasu 6;
• Primrose wokhala ndi zokongoletsa zabwino - Ichi ndi chomera chachikulu, kutalika kwake kumafika 30 cm.Masamba ndi owola ndipo mulifupi, pamwamba pake amakumbidwa ndi mano m'mphepete. Masamba amakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 40. inflorescence imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mpira wokhala ndi mulifupi wa 8-10 masentimita, imakhala ndi maluwa a tubular 10-15 cm.Maluwa amaphulika mu Epulo-Meyi, utoto woyera, wofiirira, wofiirira kapena wofiirira;
• Primula mitundu Viale, kapena Orchid, ndizosiyana ndi mitundu ina, kunjaku sikuwoneka ngati primrose wamba. Chomera chidawerengedwa ku China, chimakhazikitsidwa bwino munthaka. Phula lozungulira mpaka 20 cm kutalika kwake ndi zolengeza kutalika kwake konse; Pak maluwa, primrose wa Vial amafanana ndi maluwa a lavenda mawonekedwe ndi mtundu;
• Zybold primrose - chomera osatha, dzina lake pambuyo pa botanist yemwe adabweretsa mitundu ingapo ya mbewu kuchokera ku Japan kupita ku Europe. Mtundu wa inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera ukhoza kuphatikiza maluwa 5 mpaka 15 nthawi, mtundu wake ndi loyera, lilac kapena lofiirira;
• Terry primrose idaleredwa ndi obereketsa, mawonekedwe ake osiyanitsa ndi ambiri pamiyala, tikayerekeza mitundu ina. Kunja, maluwa amafanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono opaka, amatha kukhala oyera, ofiira komanso ofiira;
• Primrose mitundu Obkonika - Chomera chochepa chomwe chimamera bwino kunyumba. Chomera chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira osapitirira 30 cm. Maluwa akuluakulu amakula mpaka 8 masentimita, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa mu ma inflorescence-maambulera. Limamasula pafupifupi chaka chonse ndikupuma mchilimwe;
• Nyengo yamatchire primrose - chomera pamtundu womwe mitundu yonse yamitundu ndi mitundu imachokera. Amakula m'tchire, m'nkhalango ndi m'minda;
• Primrose wamunda waku Japan - chomera osatha, ndi cha gulu la masipelabrum chifukwa cha makonzedwe angapo a inflorescence. Tsinde lalikulu limakula mpaka 40-50 masentimita, kutalika kwa masamba, mawonekedwe, m'munsi amaphatikizidwa ndi gulu lozungulira. Maluwa amapakidwa utoto osiyanasiyana ofiira ndi ofiira.

Nkhani yamawonekedwe

Sizikudziwika nthawi yomwe primrose imawonekera ndendende, ngakhale kale, anthu amadziwa zamankhwala ake. Pali nthano zingapo za momwe duwa lidachokera. M'modzi mwa iwo akuti mtumwi Peter anali osunga makiyi a Paradiso, ndipo tsiku lina adamva kuti mizimu yoyipa idapanga makiyi ake. Peter adachita mantha ndipo, chifukwa chosasamala, adaponya pansi pansi, kenako duwa lidamera pamalopo lomwe lidamukumbusa za izi. Kukula kwa primrose kutembenukira mozondoka kumakhala ngati mafungulo. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chijeremani, dzina la duwa limamveka ngati "mafungulo a Peter" kapena "Mafungulo akumwamba."

Yellow inflorescence

Kusamalira Panyumba

Nyambayi ndi yosatha, kubzala komanso kusamalira kwakanthawi pang'ono, imakondwera ndi pachimake mpaka pachilimwe. Chomera chimafuna kutentha kwina kwa mpweya ndikuthirira nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera kubzala.

Chinyezi

Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha mpweya wa primrose sikofunikira kwambiri, chomera chimamera muzipinda zouma komanso chonyowa. M'nyengo yotentha, masamba amatha kuwuma kuti izi zisachitike; tsiku lililonse ndikofunika kuwathirira ndi madzi atakhazikika pamfuti yokula.

Kutentha

Kwa primrose, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha kwa boma, duwa sililola kutentha. Kutentha koyenera kwa mpweya wa primrose ndi 15-18 ° C, nthawi yotentha iyenera kukhala mkati mwa 20 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imayenera kuyima m'chipinda chozizira, pa loggia kapena khonde. Ngati mphika wa maluwa ali pawindo, ndibwino kusankha zipinda zomwe mawindo ake akukumana ndi West, North kapena East.

Maluwa pawindo

Kuthirira

Mu nyengo yamaluwa, primrose imafuna chinyezi chambiri, iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse. Dziko lapansi mumphika wamaluwa liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, popanda owonjezera. Primrose salekerera madzi ambiri omwe amayenda. Malamulo Othirira:

• M'dzinja ndi masika, chomeracho chimathiriridwa madzi tsiku lililonse, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mphika. Thirani madzi m'zigawo mpaka dothi lonyowa;
• M'nyengo yozizira, chomera chimathiriridwa madzi masiku onse awiri ndi atatu kapena nthaka ikawuma;
• M'nyengo yotentha, ma primroses amathiridwa madzi tsiku lililonse;
• Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala pazitseko kwa masiku angapo. Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi nthawi yomweyo;

Kusakaniza kwa lapansi

Primrose, chisamaliro chakunyumba chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuthilira ndi kuvala pamwamba, ziyenera kubzalidwa mumtundu wapadera wa dothi. Phula la primrose liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. Pansi pamphika, ikani miyala yosanjikiza miyala yoyera kapena vermiculite 1-2 cm. Zosakaniza zapadziko lapansi ziyenera kusakanikirana chimodzimodzi:

• Dothi lamapepala;
• Mchenga;
• Peat nthaka.

Kuti mubzale primrose wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Obkonika, muyenera kuwonjezera gawo limodzi la nthaka yanthaka.

Masamba asanapangidwe, dziko lapansi silingakhalepo manyowa, chifukwa masamba okha ndiwo adzayamba kukula. Feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yonse ya maluwa, masiku onse a 7-10. Monga chovala pamwamba, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wamafuta aliwonse azomera maluwa. Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito pang'ono.

Thirani mbewu

Primrose yakumbali imagulitsidwa mum'zinthu zing'onozing'ono, mukangogula pamafunika kuziika. Komanso, mbewu zachikulire zaka zopitilira 3-4 zimasinthidwa kumalo atsopano.

Pakuthamanga primrose, ndikofunikira kusankha poto woyenera, voliyumu yake iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuchulukirapo kawiri konse kuposa masamba ndi masamba. Pansi pa mphika pazikhala mipata yotulutsa madzi ochulukirapo. Mutha kugula malo okonzedwa kale ndi primrose kapena muzipanga nokha ndikusakaniza mchenga, peat ndi malo osakanikirana chimodzimodzi.

Momwe mungasinthire:

1. Kumbani mbewuyo mosamala. Ngati mizu yolumikizidwa, simuyenera kuivula, ingogwedezani nthaka yochulukirapo. Primroses imakhala ndi mizu yopyapyala komanso yosalimba yomwe imasweka mosavuta;
2. Drainage imayikidwa pansi pamphika, makulidwe osanjikiza amayambira 1 mpaka 3 cm, kutengera kukula kwa mphikawo;
3. Pamwamba pa dothi lokwanira, ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze ndi masentimita 3-4 oyikika dothi ndikulipaka ndi manja anu kuti mizu ya mbewu isakhudze ngalande;
4. Zomerazo ziyenera kuyikidwa mumphika, m'mbali kuti mudzaze ndi dziko lapansi. Sikoyenera kuphatikiza nthaka;
5. Maluwa ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika. Nthaka imatha kupendekeka ndikukhazikika, chifukwa chake muyenera kuwonjezera zosakaniza zina dothi.

Primrose mizu

Njira zolerera

Eni ake a primrose amatha kufalitsa bwino chomera, izi zitha kuchitidwa mosiyanasiyana. Utoto wofiirira komanso wachikasu wamkati ukhoza kufalitsa ndi mbewu kapena pogawa mbewuzo pang'onopang'ono.

Mbewu

Kukula kwa njere nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa primroses omwe akukula m'munda. Kunyumba, mumafunikira nthawi yokwanira kuti mbewu imere. Muyenera kubzala mbewu mu June-Julayi, momwe mungachitire bwino:

1. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera thanki kuti ikamatenge, ikhale yotsika;
2. Tangiyo imadzazidwa ndi zosakanikirana zapadziko lapansi kuti zithe kubzala primrose. Kutalika kwa wosanjikiza kuyenera kukhala 2-3 cm;
3. Mbewu za primrose ndizochepa, sizifunikira kuyikidwa m'manda kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kuziyika pansi ndikuphwanya pang'ono;
4. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena pulasitiki, choyikidwa m'malo abwino. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 15-19 ° C.

Amamera mu nthaka

Dziko lapansi mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osanyowa. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kuchotsa filimuyo kuti mulowetse nthaka ndi mbewu. Pambuyo pa masiku 14-20, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera.

Kugawa chitsamba

Zomera zamkati, zomera m'maso zimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera pamodzi ndi mizu zimadulidwa m'magawo angapo. Mutha kugawana primrose wamkulu, osapitirira zaka 3-4. Momwe mungachite bwino:

1. Chomera chimatulutsidwa mosamala mumphika, ndikugwedeza nthaka yopanda;
2. Mizu imafunika kutsukidwa ndi madzi ozizira, kuvala nsalu youma. Madzi ochulukirapo ayenera kukhetsa;
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa, chitsamba chimagawika magawo awiri. Chidutswa chilichonse chimayenera kukhala ndi malo okula - kumtunda kwa mphukira yayikulu;
4. Magawo amayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi mpweya wa kaboni.

Ziwalo zonse zodulidwa ziyenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo, zina zitha kuwuma.

Primrose Kukakamiza

Distillation ndi njira yothamangitsira kukula kwa mbewu. Kwa maluwa, imachitika ndi Okutobala 14 ndi Marichi 8, pomwe kufunika kwa maluwa kumachulukana kangapo.

Miphika yambiri yamaluwa

Pochita primrose yoyenera kuchokera ku mbewu, zaka zawo ziyenera kukhala zosachepera zaka ziwiri. Ngati duwa linafalitsika ndikugawa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zaka zoposa 3. Distilation imachitika mu magawo angapo:

1. Primroses amawokedwa pamalo otseguka patali 15 cm masentimita pakati pa mbande. Dothi liyenera kukhala lambiri mu humus, chiwembu cha 50 m² chimaphatikizidwa ndi makilogalamu 3-4 a superphosphate ndi 1 kg ya potaziyamu sulfate. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupanga makilogalamu 100-150 a kompositi kapena manyowa;
2. M'mwezi wa Epulo-Meyi, mbande zimafunika kudyetsedwa nthawi imodzi ndi feteleza amadzimadzi. Kusakaniza kwa madzi ndi manyowa mu gawo la 10: 1;
3. Pamaso chisanu, primroses am'mbali amakumbidwa pamodzi ndi malo akulu;
4. Zimbidwa zophimbidwa zimabzala m'mbale zakonzedwa kapena nthawi yomweyo mumiphika momwe zimakhalamo. Dzazani mapoto ndi mchenga wosakanikirana ndi peat kapena osakaniza ndi nthaka yoyika primrose. Sikoyenera kudyetsa nthaka, apo ayi masamba okha adzayamba kukula;
5. Zomera zobzalidwa zimasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa kutentha kwa 5-9 ° C. Ngati chisanu sichiri chachikulu, kusungidwa m'nyumba zobiriwira m'nyumba ndizololedwa, zomwe zimakonkhedwa ndi masamba owuma nthawi yachisanu;
6. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Januware mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February, mbewu zimasinthidwa ku chipinda chopepuka, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa 17 ° C. Pakati pa sabata, primrose amathiridwa madzi masiku awiri aliwonse ndi madzi ochepa, boma lothirira kale limayambanso.

Mitundu ina imaphuka mu Epulo, ina imayamba kuphuka mu Okutobala. Chapakatikati, ma primroses awa amathanso kubzala pamalowo, patatha zaka zochepa amatha kubwezeretsanso kuphulika kwa zipatso.

Primroses ndi maluwa omwe amayika mizu chimodzimodzi m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kunyumba. Ngati primrose amasamaliridwa bwino, amasangalala kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mawonekedwe ake, owala bwino ndi fungo labwino.