Violet ndi cholembera chodziwika bwino m'nyumba, chodziwika ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maluwa ndi amodzi mwa odzikuza, komabe, ngakhale ndi chisamaliro choyenera, zovuta zimabuka.
Zomwe sizimayambitsa maluwa
Senpolias akufuna chifukwa cha maluwa awo akutali komanso mithunzi yosiyanasiyana. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi Uzambara violet.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chipewa chobiriwira chamaluwa chimakondweretsa mwiniwake miyezi 10 pachaka. M'nyengo yachilimwe kokha ngati kutentha kumatentha kwambiri pomwe mmerawo umakhala "tchuthi".
Ndikosavuta kunena mosasamala kanthu zoyenera kuchita ngati maluwa asiya osayambiranso. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo ndipo zimafunikira kuganiziridwa mozama.
Alimi a maluwa odziwa amalimbikitsa kuyamba kudyetsa chomera. Ngati zinthu sizingasinthe, pali masamba ambiri osati maluwa amodzi pa violet, ndiye nthawi yoyang'ana zigawo zonse za chisamaliro choyenera.
Zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la senpolia:
- kukula kwa mphika sikokwanira;
- acidity kapena nthaka mawonekedwe ndi opuwala;
- kuyatsa kosayenera;
- kulephera kufalikira;
- njira yodyetsera;
- kusowa yopuma maluwa;
- kuwuma kwambiri kwa mpweya;
- matenda opatsirana;
- kuyang'anidwa kwa dziwe la jini.
Chimodzi mwazonsezi chimatha kuyambitsa matenda a violet, kotero yankho lavutoli liyenera kukhala lolondola komanso lolondola.
Kutha
Kusankha mphika ndikofunikira kuti pakhale bwino komanso maluwa opaka bwino. Kukula kwakukulu kwa senpolia kumapereka mizu. Gawo lobisalo liyenera kudzaza mokwanira dengalo, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakhala ndi mphamvu zotulutsa.
Ngati ndi yaying'ono, muyenera kupanga zinthu zina. Chizindikiro chakuti nyalugwe imapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndikupanga "zitsamba" zowonjezereka pakati, pomwe masamba akuluakulu ofukula amafa.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Kapangidwe ka nthaka ya ma violets kuyenera kukhala kwapadera. Ngakhale dothi lapadziko lonse sili lothandiza chomera.
Zomwe zili zosakaniza zolondola zimaphatikizidwa palimodzi:
- dziko;
- madzi
- mlengalenga.
Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lopepuka, chifukwa ufa wophikaphikawu wawonjezedwamo. Botanists amagwiritsa ntchito perlite ndi vermiculite, mosiyanasiyana kapena mophatikiza. Amaziwonjezera panthaka, kotero kutiupuma.
Maphwando azomera zamkati amatha kuyang'ana mawonekedwe osakanikirana ndi kugwetsera chala mumphika wa maluwa. Kuphatikizika koyenera kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira pansi pa thankiyo. Kapangidwe kameneka kayenera kukhala kosasinthika, ngati nthaka iuma ndi nthawi, iyenera kusinthidwa.
Tisanabzala, timayang'ana kuchuluka kwa acidity wosakanikirana ndi nthaka. PH yolondola ya violets 6.5 ndi chilengedwe acidic pang'ono. Kuyendera kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zapadera zomwe zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa maluwa. Kokometsani dothi lokonzedweratu ndi madzi osungunuka 1:10 ndikuchepetsa woyeserera mu osakaniza.
Kuwala
Kuunikira koyenera kwa Saintpaulia kuyenera kukhala kowala ndi kuwabalalitsa, popanda kuwunika mwachindunji. Pa zenera lakumpoto, maluwa sioyenera kudikirira.
Mafani azomera zamkati amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange zoonjezera zowunikira. Mutha kukhazikitsa nyali za fluorescent.
Ziwawa ndizokwanira kumayenda kwa maola 10, nthawi yonse yomwe zida zingathe kuzimitsidwa.
Feteleza
Senpolias amakula mwachangu chaka chonse, motero amafunika feteleza wokhazikika. Kupatula kuti kudumpha kudyetsa, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti kuphatikiza michere m'madzi othirira.
Zomera zoyipa zimaphatikizidwa ndi yankho la michere lomwe limakonzedwa pasadakhale. Panthawi yothirira yokhazikika, gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a pamwezi limawonjezeredwa ndi madzi.
Kwa ma violets, kusungidwa kwa mizu ndikofunikira, chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza kwa michere ndi phosphorous yambiri. Amalimbitsa pansi pang'onopang'ono, ndikupangitsa maluwa kukhala obala.
Thirani yolakwika
Kwa thanzi lazomera, malamulo ounika uyenera kuyanenedwa. Mavuto achikulire amasunthira kwachidebe china, ngati kuli kotheka, kawiri pachaka, kasupe kapena chilimwe. Mukasamutsa chomera, ndikofunikira kuti mizu yanu ikhale yolimba.
Mukachotsa duwa mumphika wakale, musawononge dongo.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwira ndi manja anu ndikokaukoka mizu yofatsa.
Chinyezi chosakwanira
Kumaiko akumwera nthawi yachilimwe, zipinda zimawotha kwambiri masana. Mpweya wouma utha kuwonongeka kwa senpolia ndipo pamtenthe pamwamba pa +22 ° C humidification yofunikira ndiyofunikira.
Chomera chimapopera nthawi zonse. Mutha kuyika poto pa pallet ndimiyala yonyowa ndikumadzazanso thankiyoyo ndi madzi popanda kuwonjezera michere.
Chibadwa
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyotengera ntchito ya majini. Pali ma violets omwe amatulutsa nthawi yofotokozedwa mosamalitsa, ena amapereka ma inflorescence akuluakulu ambiri pamwezi, ena aiwo amakongoletsedwa ndi chipewa chofiyira kwa chaka chathunthu. Izi ndi zina mwa mitundu yomwe muyenera kudziwa kapena kufotokozera mukamagula.
Koma onse amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. Ngati malamulowo asungidwa, mbewuyo imakondwera ndi kukongola. Pali nthawi zina pomwe mikhalidwe yoyenera kutsekeledwa sapereka chifukwa, uwu ndi vuto la chibadwa - silingathetsedwe. Nthawi zambiri amakhala otayidwa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Ngakhale kunyumba, maluwa amatha kudwala tizilombo komanso tizilombo tosavomerezeka. Chifukwa cha matendawa, violet samangoletsa maluwa, komanso kufa.
Tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ndi njira zopewera zimaperekedwa pagome.
Tizilombo | Kuwonetsera | Chithandizo |
| Zopatsa | Zochepa kwambiri kuti zimatha kuwonekera kokha pakusokoneza. Kubisalira tizilombo munthambi za duwa. | Amawachotsa ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala, atasamba kale chomera ndi sopo ndi madzi ndikuchotsa inflorescence. |
| Mealybug | Zomwe zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono pamtambo ndi masamba, izi ndizopota zazing'ono zoyera, zofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje. | Ndikofunikira kuchiza chomera ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ngakhale mutha kuyesa wowerengeka azitsamba. Monga njira yoteteza, kumvetsetsa kwa mpweya wabwino kumawonedwa. |
| Mite cyclamen | Sikuwoneka popanda zida zapadera. Kuti mudziwe matendawa amalola kuchepetsa kukula ndi kusinthika kwa duwa, likulu la malo amatulutsidwako. | Kuwongolera tizilombo kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akukhudzidwawa amalimbikitsidwa kuti atayidwe. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yamtengo wapatali, ma acaricides kapena safetoacaricides amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mankhwala. |
| Powdery mildew | Zikuwoneka kuti mbewuyo imakonkhedwa ndi ufa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakonda kwambiri minyewa yovunda kwambiri yoyikiratu m'zipinda zopanda mpweya wabwino. | Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandizidwa. |
Ngati mtundu wina wa tizilombo wapezeka, mbewuyo imayenera kukhala yokhayokha ndikukhazikitsidwa mpaka ikachira kwathunthu.
A Dachnik akufotokozera: zifukwa zowonjezereka zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa asamayende bwino
Kudulira kolakwika, kusakhazikika, zinthu zina zomwe zimapangidwa kawirikawiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwa utoto.
Kukula bwino kwa mizu kumafunikira dothi lopepuka lomwe lili ndi michere yambiri. Ndi kukula kwa chomera ndi chakudya cha mtengowo, nthaka yake imakhazikika ndipo maluwa amatuluka, kotero kusinthaku ndikofunikira katatu pachaka.
Nthawi zambiri, mavuto a violet amachokera pazifukwa zingapo. Muyenera kuyamba kuchira mwachangu komanso bwino kwambiri kuchokera pamlingo wowunikira. Vutoli ndilofala kwambiri.
Ndi maluwa ofooka komanso oyenda mwachangu kulabadira malo omwe mbewuyo idamera. Mwina adaletsedwa ndi zokongoletsa kapena anaphonya kudyetsa.
