Peonies ndi herbaceous osatha a banja la Peony. Zisamba zokongoletsera zokongoletsera, maluwa. Maluwa ali ndi fungo labwino, iwo amakulira maluwa. Mabasi amatha kumera zaka 10-15 osatulutsa.
Zolemba za chisamaliro cha peony pakugwa
Kulima kwa peonies mu kasupe ndi yophukira ndikusiyana. Pambuyo maluwa, kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu ya tchire ndikofunikira, zochitika zimaphatikizapo:
- kudulira ndi chiyambi cha chisanu choyamba;
- chonde zakudya;
- kulekanitsa ndikusinthanitsa ndi maluwa ochuluka;
- njira zachipatala zodziwira matenda kapena tizirombo;
- kuthirira kwambiri chitsamba chilichonse nthawi yachilimwe;
- pogona ndi masamba owuma, peat, zouma zouma, nthambi za spruce.
Autumn chisamaliro ndi dera
Chisamaliro chakunja chimasiyana nyengo ndi nyengo. Nthawi yokonza mbewu m'nyengo yachisanu ndi yosiyana chifukwa choti zipatso zobiriwira zigawo zimabwera nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
Ngati pali chipale chofewa chambiri ndipo sichikhudza tchire la mbewuyo, muyenera kuchita nokha.
Dera | Nthawi | Zosamalidwa |
Dera la Moscow / Midland | Kuyambira pa Okutobala 10th. | Mulching, njira zowonjezera ndizotheka (kugwiritsa ntchito spruce) |
| Ural / Siberia | Kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala. | Nyengo yamvula, mulching ndi pogona ku mphepo ndi chisanu ndi zinthu zopanda nsalu, burlap. |
| Dera la Volga | Mu Novembala. | Hill, mulching 10-15 cm. |
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka pakati pa Okutobala - nthawi yakudya masamba. Izi ndi 1-1.5 chisanu chisanachitike ndikudulira, mbewu zimadziunjikira mchere kuti zitheke kukula mchaka ndikupanga ma inflorescence akulu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yamasika, maluwa adzakhala okongola.
Ikani phukusi la yophukira-potaziyamu kuyambira chaka chachitatu chodzala. Mavalidwe apamwamba amadzimadzi amafunikira ngati chilimwe ndi yophukira zinali zouma. Piritsi limodzi la phosphorous ndi potaziyamu limasungunuka m'madzi ndipo chitsamba chilichonse chimathiriridwa lita imodzi.
Pakagwa mvula, iwo amawaza mozungulira ma granules (magalamu 15 a potaziyamu ndi 20 magalamu a phosphorous pachisamba chilichonse), popewa kulumikizana ndi khosi lalifupi. Amagwiritsanso ntchito ndowe za mbalame, ndowe.
Kudulira
Gawo lalikulu lokonzekera nyengo yozizira ndikudulira baka. Mphukira zosasamba - nyumba yozizira tizirombo, mphutsi zawo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita panthawi. Panyengo yamvula komanso yozizira, chiopsezo cha kuwola kwa masamba ndi mizu yowongoka chikukula, chifukwa chake simuyenera kulimba ndi kudulira. Mphukira yachisanu imakhala yofewa ndipo sizingatheke kuti odulidwa azikhala oyera. Zomwe zimachotsedwa kale pamtunda sizikulimbikitsidwanso.
Nthawi yoyamba itayamba maluwa, maluwa opanda kanthu amawadulira. Masamba salangizidwa kuti azigwira, njira ya photosynthesis ikupitirirabe, yomwe imalimbikitsa zakudya zamafuta.
Pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba, masamba onse akatembenuka kukhala ofiira ndikugona pansi, tchire limafupikitsidwa:
- Chida chakuthwa chimakonzedwa ndikuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (secateurs, clipper, mpeni), mwachitsanzo, ndi mowa.
- Zikwangwani zimachotsedwa, ndikusiya masentimita 2-3 ndi masamba onse.
- Mumasule dothi lozungulira chitsamba, kuwaza feteleza.
Ngati sizotheka kudula nthawi ndipo mukuyenera kuchotsa mphukira kale, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya masamba atatu pakatikati ndi masamba.
Mitundu yamitengo, kudulira mwapangidwe kumachitika kuti kukongoletsa. Zimayambira zimafupikitsidwa ndi 70-90 masentimita ndipo zowuma, zowonongeka zimachotsedwa. Kamodzi pazaka khumi zilizonse, kudulira kwa kukalamba kumafunikira, mphukira zachikale zimadulidwa.
Magawo onse amachotsedwa pamalowo ndikuwotcha, malo odulira, nthaka amathandizidwa ndi phulusa.
Kuphatikizika kwa peony
Tsambalo limasankhidwa ndikuwonetsa dzuwa lokwanira, popanda zojambula ndi mphepo zowongolera. Amakumba mabowo kwa mwezi ndi theka, kukula kwake kumadalira mizu. Mwachizolowezi, kuya kwake ndi 60-70 cm ndi masentimita 50-70. Pakati patchire amayimirira masentimita 80-100. Phatikizani timabowo ndi humus, peat, kompositi imatengedwa chimodzimodzi. Amalangizidwanso kuwonjezera chakudya cham'mafupa ndi superphosphate. Ngati dongo la dongo, muyenera kupanga 150 gr. laimu yosalala. M'deralo ndi kusunthika kwa madzi, chotsani madzi - pangani miyala yabwino, mchenga wokhala ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20, osakanizidwa ndi dothi.
Dziwani - chaka choyamba simuyenera kudikira maluwa.
Pichesi yokhala ndi zopondapendekera imakonda malo osadetseka pang'ono ndi kuwala kosawoneka. Bzalani mozama masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Onani kuti mbewuyo sikaphuka kwanthawi yayitali.
Nthawi
Thirani ndikulimbikitsa kuti zichitike koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe, koma osakwana miyezi 1.5 isanayambike chisanu. Zimatenga nthawi kulimbitsa tchire ndikupanga mizu yatsopano.
Pang'onopang'ono
Mabowo atakonzeka ndipo nthawi yakadutsa, sankhani tsiku lodzadzulira tchire, makamaka dzuwa:
- Dulani gawo la mlengalenga, kusiya masentimita 10-15.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito pitchfork (osati fosholo), amakumba chitsamba, amachotsa muzuwo pansi, ndikutsuka ndikusamba.
- Pambuyo poyang'ana, ziwalo zowonongeka, zowola zimachotsedwa ndi chida chakuthwa komanso chosatetezedwa.
- Tchire limathandizidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, kutsikira kwa mphindi 15.
- Chomera chikawuma, ikani dzenje.
- Chidebe chamadzi chimathiridwa (kuwongola mizu).
- Mugonere pansi ndi kompositi mukanyowa.
- Khosi la mizu limayikidwa pamlingo wa dothi.
- Madzi, ndikupanga malita 5 pa chitsamba chilichonse.
Wosanjikiza mulch kuchokera ku utuchi, peat, udzu umayikidwa pamwamba.
Zolakwika
Olima maluwa a Novice nthawi zina amalakwitsa atachoka:
- Dulani koyambirira kwambiri, isanayambike chisanu choyamba. Chifukwa cha izi, mapangidwe a impso zatsopano amasokonezeka.
- Osayeretsa masamba akale, achikasu ndi kudula mphukira. Zomera zimayamba kudwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus masika.
- Mabasi amasiyidwa popanda feteleza ndipo nthawi yophukira amapangidwa.
- Nitrogen ochulukirapo mu kugwa imayambitsa kukula kwa ziwalo zapamwamba pamtunda, panthawi yachisanu iwo adzafa.
- Kugawika kolakwika kwa chitsamba - gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso 3-5.
- Kuphatikizika kwapafupipafupi - mbewu siyimachita pachimake.
- Chinyezi pang'ono.
- Kusowa kwa michere m'nthaka.
- Kubzala mozama kwambiri kapena pamitengo yamitengo pafupi ndi mizu yawo.
- Tikugulitsa pansi pamadzi pafupi ndi tchire.
Kwa dzinja, ndikofunikira kuphimba tchire bwino, kuti mulch.
Kusamalira peony kumapeto kwa kasupe
Chapakatikati, kutentha kukakwera pamwamba -5 ° C ndipo matalala amasungunuka, amachotsa pogona, makamaka nyengo yamvula. Mu Marichi, amadyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni (20-30 magalamu a ammonium nitrate pa chitsamba chilichonse).
Nthaka ikauma, imayeretsedwa namsongole, ndimasulidwa ndi masentimita 3-5, ndikuthira mchere ndi yankho la manganese, yokutidwa ndi udzu, humus.
Zikamera zoyambirira zikaoneka, zimapatsidwa mankhwala a Bordeaux. Aliwoseredwa ndi colloidal sulfure munthawi ya masamba regrowth kuteteza dzimbiri. Kuyambira tizirombo tizirombo toyambitsa matenda. Mu Meyi, nthawi yophukira, nayitrogeni, potaziyamu, ndi phosphorous amawonjezeredwa. Tsinani masamba kuti maluwa akulu adule.
