Dahlia: mitundu yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Dahlia (dahlia, dahlia) ndi wachibale wa asters, osatha. Amatchedwa dzina la Andun Dahl wa ku Sweden wa botanist, ndipo dzina la ku Russia ndi a Johann Georgi, wofufuza kuchokera ku St.

Mtengowo ndi wobadwira ku South America, komwe Amwenye amawatchulabe "chichipatl", "acocotle", "coco cochochtitl".

Kufotokozera

Dahlias wobzalidwa pafupi ndi nyumba amawoneka bwino. Kutalika - 0,5-2 mamita Masamba ndi akulu, osanjidwa, osachedwa. Mabasiketi a inflorescence a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana, okongola mawonekedwe, okhala ndi miyala m'mizere ingapo kapena yosavuta.

Mitundu ya petals ndi yosiyana, kutengera gulu la dahlias. Maluwa amtundu wotchuka amakhala pachimake, bango mpaka 40 cm.Maluwa kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala. Mabasi ndi zamphamvu. Ali ndi mizu mizu. Pachaka, masamba ochira amapangidwa pakhosi. M'malo ofunda komanso ozizira iwo amakumbidwa.

Dahlias pachaka

Dahlias ndi pachaka komanso osatha. Zakalezo zimamera pambewu ndipo zimangokhala nyengo imodzi.

Ndi chithandizo chawo, mutha kutseka mwachangu malo opanda pake patsamba kapena gawo lopanda maluwa, mpaka maluwa ena atakula.

Zosiyanasiyana za dahlias pachaka

Dahlias pachaka amagawidwa m'magulu oposa 10.

Kukula dahlias pachaka kwa njere

Dahlias amapezeka kuchokera ku mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, mwina mu Marichi kudutsa mbande, kapena mu Meyi nthawi yomweyo. Tsatirani malamulo oyendetsera:

• Konzani zidebe ndikuzichitira ndi yankho la manganese.
• Humus, peat, mchenga wosakanikirana.
• Mbewu zimanyowa kwa tsiku limodzi.
• Bzalani m'miphika ya 3 mbewu, kukula zosaposa 1 cm.
• Amathiriridwa kuti inyowetse dothi loumbika popanda kunyowetsa mopitirira. Tsekani, ndikupanga malo obiriwira.
• Amayika malo otentha, kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala pafupifupi +25 ° C. Yang'anani ndikuwongolera nthawi ndi nthawi, osaloleza kulowetsa madzi, kuyang'ana nkhungu.
• Pakatha masabata awiri kuchokera kuwonekera kwa malowedwe, kusankha kumachitika.
• Masamba 4 enieni akakula, mbande zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena munda ...

Kubzala mbande za dahlias pachaka m'munda wamaluwa

Konzani dothi pasadakhale, kukumba, kuwonjezera feteleza wamamineral. Kenako pangani maenje okufikira, kusiya pakati pawo 30-50 masentimita, kulabadira mawonekedwe a mbewu.

Maluwa amasinthidwa ndi transshipment popanda kuwononga mizu yopyapyala. Amapanga kuthirira, kuphimba pansi ndi utuchi kapena udzu wouma. Masukulu okwera okhala ndi nthiti kapena nsalu zokulirapo amamangiriridwa kumtengo kapena mtengo wokulirapo.

Momwe Mungasungire Mbewu kuchokera ku Dahlias Pachaka

Zomera zamphamvu kwambiri zimalembedwa kuti zisonkhanitse ndi kusungira zinthu zofunikira kubzala, kuzilola kuti zitheke pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka. Amapachika chizindikiro cholemba zakumtsogolo, kuyesera kuti maluwa amenewo asatayike.

Amatuta kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, padzuwa lokhazikika. Mbewu zimayikidwa pa maenvelopu apepala osonyeza mitunduyo.

Ngati mbewu zikutidwa kuchokera ku hybrids, chaka chamawa makhwalidwe awo amasiyana.

Perennial dahlias

Mayina amitundu yosatha imabwerezedwanso mobwerezabwereza, amasiyanitsidwa ndi inflorescence, osati nthawi yakulima. Komanso njira za kubereka. Mibzala yobzala amabzala ndi ma tubers. Dahlias amagawidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a duwa kukhala mitundu:

Zosavuta

Zili ndi miyala m'mizere imodzi, yotsika ndi pachikasu, kokha 0,6 mamita wokhala ndi nthambi zowongoka. Zosiyanasiyana: Princess Maria, Yellow Hammer, Orange, Cupid, Collette.

Anemone

Maluwa amtundu wamitundu iwiri ndi theka, mabango aubango, tubular pakati. Wamtali wotalika kuposa masentimita 100. Wowoneka bwino mu chosakanikira.

Ili ndi mitundu: Inca, Mambo, Polka. Gots, Lambada.

Pion

Yaikulu-terry kapena terry, amakumbukira a peonies. Pamwamba. En Rouge, Red Tunic, Bendall, Kukongola Chic, Opera.

Kola kolala

Mabasiketi akulu okhala ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 10. Pamwamba pa miyala yosalala kwambiri ndizoyera zopyapyala zomwe zimafanana ndi kolala. Mitundu yayitali ya masentimita 120. Phulusa kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu choyamba. Malingaliro okondedwa ndi omwe amalima maluwa: Gioconda, Knight, Granato, Gulugufe, Mtima wa Danko.

Zozungulira

Mbale zamitundu ingapo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zopitilira 9 cm, zomwe zimafanana ndi mitundu yambiri. Tchire labwinobwino, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyanasiyana, zabwino kwambiri ndi Kenora Fairball, White Astaire, Gypsy Night, La Bayadere.

Pompom

Ali ndi dzina lawo chifukwa cha maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe amafanana ndi ma pompon ang'ono. Terry, masentimita 5 okhala ndi miyala yambiri yolakwika, tubular, yopindidwa mu mawonekedwe a matailosi.

Zopaka utoto wosiyanasiyana kupatula buluu. Mabasi ndi wandiweyani, okhala ndi nthambi zolimba. Mitundu yodziwika: Viking, Little R Rocco, Amber Quinn.

Cactus

Chomera cha Shrub, ndikupanga ma peduncle 15. Maluwa akhungu, masentimita 10, adalunjika pamakhala ma singano. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito polimidwa mumagulu kapena m'njira imodzi. Woward wakuda, Wokondedwa, Princess Park, Blackbury amawoneka modabwitsa.

Semi-cactus

Gulu losintha ma asters apakati. Imakwera mpaka masentimita 130, masamba opusa. Masamba inflorescence, maluwa akulu, pang'ono, owoneka. Mitundu yabwino: Meteor, Chisangalalo cha Island, Pinki Pinki, Just Peachy,

Nymphaeum

Tchire zazikulu. Masamba omwazikana magawo angapo. Duwa la 18 cm, limakumbutsa kakombo wamadzi, wopangidwa ndi ziphuphu zomwe zimakonda kulowera. Mizu yake ndi yozikika. Mitundu yotchuka ndi yotchuka: Twin, Kens Flame, Rapallo.

Zokongoletsa

Gulu lalikulu kwambiri la dahlias lokhala ndi maluwa a terry. Masamba akutsutsana. Maluwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara. Maluwa amagwada mpaka tsinde, zomwe zimapatsa chidwi.

Kubzala tubers poyera

M'malo otentha, dahlias samachoka pansi pano. Pa maluwa apachaka, ma rhizomes amakumbidwa kugwa, m'miyezi yozizira amasungidwa bwino, kenako ndikubzala mu April. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi. Kuti muwoneke koyambirira kwa masamba, mizu ya tubers imabzalidwa m'miphika yayikulu kuti kumera, kenako ndikuyika pansi. Kapenanso atangotsiriza kuopseza chisanu, adabzala m'mundamo.

Njira yofalitsira ili ndi zabwino zake. Pamizu, zizindikiro zonse za chomera cha mayi zimasungidwa.

Kukonzekera tubers chifukwa chodzala

Tuberi timadzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pazenera sill, m'makontena okonzedwa ndi dothi lotengedwa ngati mbande. Yenderani mizu musanabzalidwe, chotsani zouma. Wobzalidwa popanda kuzama, siyani masentimita atatu pamwamba, makamaka ndi impso. Akayamba kumera, amachotsedwa panthaka, ndikugwedezeka ndi kugawidwa ndi mpeni, ndikusiya mphukira imodzi pachilichonse. Magawo amathandizidwa ndi biostimulant.

Magawo olekanitsidwa amawayikiranso mu zotengera kuti zikule kwambiri. Ngati mphukira zowonjezera zimawonekera, zimadulidwa ndikuzika pansi. Pambuyo kotentha kotentha, kuzungulira kumapeto kwa masika, amadzala m'mundamo.

Konzani zitsime pasadakhale kuti mubzale masentimita 60 aliwonse, onjezerani phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium. Mizu yamaluwa imayikidwa m'nthaka kuti kokha kuti mphukira zomwe zidaphukira zimawoneka pamwamba, ndipo mizu imakutidwa ndi 5 cm.

Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba

Dahlias ndi maluwa a thermophilic komanso a hygrophilous. Katunduyu amatengedwa posankha malo oti mubzale. Malowa ndi osalala kapena okwera pang'ono, ophimbidwa ndi ma landings kapena nyumba, dzuwa. Maluwa sanabzalidwe m'malo otsika. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lachonde, lopuma. Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, onjezani utuchi, humus kapena mchenga. Dahlias amakonda malo osalowerera kapena pang'ono acid. Wamaluwa amasamalira nthaka deoxidation mu kugwa, kuwonjezera slime laimu.

Mabedi a maluwa samapangidwa pafupi ndi mitengo kuti asatenge chinyontho ku dahlia.

Thandizo la Dahlia

Dalia amasamaliridwa, komanso kusungidwa kulikonse. Nthawi ndi nthawi amafafaniza dothi, kuchotsa udzu. Tsina mapesi owonjezereka pamene akukula, kukwaniritsa kukongola kuthengo. Nthambi zina zimadulidwa kuti zisasokoneze kusinthana kwa mpweya, kudula kudula kwa iwo ndi muzu. Kuchotsa mphukira zofowoka kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mulowe mkati mwa chitsamba kuti mupewe matenda opatsirana ndi imvi zowola ndi fusarium. Inflorescence inazimiririka.

Nthawi ndi nthawi muzifufuza matenda, popeza ufa wowonda amatha kuwoneka nthawi yachilimwe. Popewa mavuto kupanga potashi ndi phosphorous feteleza, fungicides.

Kuthirira

Madzi sabata iliyonse, kuthira malita 10 a madzi pansi pa chitsamba. Kenako, nthaka ikauma, imakola.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe amadya mutabzala maluwa m'nthaka, kenako milungu iwiri iliyonse, feteleza wamafuta ndi michere yachilengedwe.

Mukamadyetsa, onjezani 15 g wa ammonium nitrate, komanso superphosphate ndi potaziyamu pamlingo wa 30 g pa malita 10. Pazachilengedwe, amagwiritsa ntchito manyowa, mullein kapena ndowa zam'madzi, zosungunulidwa kwambiri ndi madzi, kuti asatenthe mizu. Gawani 1 lita imodzi pansi pa chomera chilichonse.

Amathandiza

Mitundu italiitali ya dahlias imamangirizidwa ndi trellis kapena chimbwe chomwe chimakumbidwa masentimita 35 mpaka 40. Chomeracho sichimalimba mwamphamvu kuti chisaluma. Gwiritsani ntchito zovala, Mawaya ndi zingwe sizigwirizana.

Momwe mungakumbire tubers ndikusunga dahlias nthawi yachisanu

Zimayambira ndi masamba a dahlias amawonda pa chisanu choyamba. Pangani dzenje lakuya masentimita 30 mpaka 40 kuchokera pa mphukira waukulu, kukumba chomera. Nthaka yotsalayi imachotsedwa mu tubers, ndikutsuka pansi pa mtsinje wamadzi, ndikuwuma kwa mwezi umodzi m'chipinda chotsegukira kutentha kutentha kosaposa +12 ° C. Kenako amathandizidwa pothana ndi matenda ndikuvunda ndikutsukidwa kufikira chilimwe chotsatira.

Ma Rhizomes amadzaza m'mabokosi a makatoni kapena m'matumba a pepala, kapena amasiyidwa mu paraffin ndi pilo ya mchenga m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena firiji yamasamba. Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, mizu ya tubers imayang'aniridwa kuti iwononge komanso kuvunda. Zitsanzo zowonongeka zimawonongedwa.

Kubzala Dahlia

Kuchitika ndi cuttings kapena magawo a tubers.

Kudula

Zina mwa nthambi zokhala ndi chidendene zimadulidwa, gawo limathandizidwa ndi biostimulator. M'nyengo yozizira, amasiyidwa kuzizira kuti asamere. Mukabzala m'chilimwe, amazika m'mabokosi.

Mphukira zimayikidwa pakona padziko lapansi, nyowetsani nthaka ndikuphimba ndi filimu kapena zinthu zophimba. Pakatha kuoneka ngati mizu yabwino, zitsamba zophukirazo zimazidulira pansi.

Gawo la Rhizome

Kodi mu kugwa, mutakumba mbewu. Ma tubers athanzi kwambiri amasankhidwa, olekanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake ndikusungidwa. Gawo lotsatira la kubereka limachitika mchaka. Zafotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Tizilombo, matenda