Momwe mungasankhire chipinda chowuma cha nyumba yachilimwe: chithunzithunzi chabwino kwambiri

Chovala chouma - chipinda chosambira, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posagwiritsa ntchito njira yanji yamadzi oyenda pansi. Kwa nzika zambiri za chilimwe, njira yokhayi imapereka malo okhala komanso kupumula mdziko muno.

Masiku ano, zida zamakono zamagetsi zouma, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso mtengo wake zimakankhira kumbuyo.

Momwe mungasankhire chipinda chouma kuti muzikhala chilimwe

Kuti musankhe biotool yoyenera, muyenera kuganizira mbali zingapo.

1. Cholinga cha kupeza kwa chipangizocho. Izi zitha kuwonjezeka m'moyo wabwino mdziko muno, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi paulendo wopita kudziko lina.
2. Mkhalidwe wamalo ndi malo omwe chipinda chouma chidzakhalapo. Panjira ndi pamalo osiyanasiyana pamakhala zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo choyikidwa mnyumba chimayenera kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwinoko kuposa zida zamsewu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zipinda zouma mopitilira ukadaulo bwino zimakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa, lofunikira kwambiri kunyumba.
3. Kuchulukitsa kwa thanki yokuta zinyalala. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti ndi anthu angati omwe adzagwiritse ntchito chipangizocho masana. Ndiye kuti, ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 10-12, banja la anthu atatu lidzatha kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi chotere kwa masiku atatu, pambuyo pake chizikhala chofunikira kuthira thankiyo, ndipo 23-25 ​​ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, yeretsani chida. Ngati tilingalira kuchuluka kwakukulu - 20 l, ndiye kuti kudzaza kumachitika sabata 1, ndikuyeretsa kutha kuchitidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zoposa 50.
4. Kuuma kwapafupi kufunda. Mukamasankha mtundu, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuyeretsa ndi zida zina zomwe zili ndi chipangizocho zimachitika mosadalira mwiniwake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule mayunitsi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi zida zambiri zowonjezera. Ndikwabwino kwambiri kusankha chimbudzi chosavuta komanso chosavuta chochepa, chomwe mungayigwiritse ntchito mosavuta osawononga nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo cholemera lita 12 chimalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 14-16, ndipo thanki yama 20-litre ili kale 25-30 kg. Chifukwa chake pakusankha ndikofunikira kuwerengera mphamvu zanu mwanzeru.
5. Kutalika kwa chipinda chouma. Mayunitsi wamba kapena ang'ono, kutalika kwake komwe kumasiyana kuchokera 20-25 masentimita mpaka 32 cm, siyabwino kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kusankha zida zokhala ndi zisonyezo zapakatikati zomwe zimayang'ana ogula osiyanasiyana: masikono awo kupitilira masentimita 40-45. Ngati banja lili ndi mwana, kwa iwo kukula kotero kudzakhala kwakukulu. Vutoli limathetseka mosavuta pogula chofunda chowuma chokhala ndi mpando wowonjezera wa ana.
6. Mfundo zoyendetsera chimbudzi. Zipangizo zina zimapanga phokoso lalikulu ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja osati malo okhala. Ena sangathe kupereka disinication kwathunthu, pamafunika kuchitika modziyimira pawokha sabata, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zina. Maofesi ambiri owuma alibe kutulutsa fungo, ndipo mitundu ina siyabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunjaku chifukwa chaukadaulo wapadera.
7. Kuphatikizika kwa kukhazikitsa komanso kuphatikizana kwa chipinda chouma chonse. Samalimbikitsa kuti asankhe mitundu yayikulu ngati chipangizocho chidzasunthira mobwerezabwereza, ndizotengera zimbudzi zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mbali zomata. Miyeso yakunja kwa chimbudzi - m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwake kuyenera kufanana ndi gawo lomwe likupezekeko. Kwa zovala zowuma pamsewu, izi sizichita gawo lapadera. Koma posankha fayilo yogwiritsidwa ntchito mnyumba yakunyumba, muyenera kuganizira momwe angayikiridwe.

Chifukwa chake, titha kusiyanitsa magulu atatu pazinthu zazikuluzikulu pakusankha chipinda chouma kuti muzikhala chilimwe:

• Msinkhu ndi kukula kwa chipangizocho.
• Zinyalala zosungira zinyalala.
• Mfundo zoyendetsera ntchito ndi mtundu waukadaulo.

Zofunikira pofunda

Kwa ntchito yabwinobwino komanso nthawi yayitali chovala chofunda chimayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zina. Zipangizo ndi zonyamula kapena zosasunthika. Mtundu wonyamula uyenera kukhala:

• magawo onyamula ndi ogwirira;
• Zizindikiro zakudzaza ndi madzi;
• kuphatikiza kwamphamvu ziwiri;
• ntchito yokhoma yotchinga yomwe imalepheretsa kufalikira kwa fungo losasangalatsa;
• kulemera kopepuka ndi kukula kwapangidwe;
• pampu yamagetsi.

Makanema opanga mawonekedwe ndi osafunikira kwenikweni. Mphamvu zake zaluso zitha kupitilira zochitika zina, koma kulemera ndi magawo a chipangizocho azikula.

Chipangizochi chikufunika:

1. Khazikika pamalo athyathyathya, kuyika kwake sikuyenera kukhala kovuta komanso kowonjezera mphamvu, muyenera kulabadira posankha mtundu.
2. Kotero kuti kukonza chinsalu chouma ndikosavuta ndipo sizitenga nthawi yambiri ndikuchita khama. Ma Institution okhala ndi chipangizo chovuta samakwaniritsa izi. Kufunika kopitilira muyeso wa nyamayo sikuyenera kupitilira 1 nthawi imodzi pa sabata.
3. Tayani mafungo osasangalatsa ndikuzilepheretsa kufalitsa m'chipindacho. Kuti ntchitoyi ichitike, chipangizochi chimayenera kukhala ndi luso linalake labwino. Pali mitundu yomwe imabweretsa maubwino awiri kwa eni ake: choyambirira, amagwira ntchito ngati njira ina mchipinda chosambira, kuchotsa zinyalala, ndipo chachiwiri, amapereka nthaka ndi feteleza, mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa peat.
4. Ngati onse akulu ndi ana kapena anthu olumala agwiritsa ntchito chofunda chowuma, ndikofunikira kuti chipangizocho chili ndi zida zina zowonjezera: mipando ya ana, manja ndi zokutira kumapazi.
5. Chitetezo chomanga. Mitundu yambiri, mwachitsanzo, yamagetsi, ili ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimatha kulephera chifukwa chopanga bwino kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika, ndikofunikira kulabadira wopanga ndi zinthuzo, komanso kuwerenga mosamala malangizo ogwirira ntchito. Zomwe zimapangidwira popanga mipando ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zomwe siziyambitsa mkwiyo kapena pakhungu. Mtengo wotsika wa mitundu ina umakhala ndi zowonongeka zambiri chifukwa chosagwirizana bwino komanso kuphatikizidwa ndi zida zopangira gulu lachiwiri.
6. Kugwira ntchito kwa zida. Mukamagula bulangete youma, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ili bwino ndipo ili yokonzekera ntchito.

Magulu a zipinda zouma, zabwino ndi zoipa zawo

Maofesi owuma agawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, kutengera luso laukadaulo, chipangizo, mawonekedwe akunja ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake, komanso zimasiyanasiyana mtengo wake. Komabe, mitundu yamtengo wapatali sikuti nthawi zonse imakwaniritsa zosowa za eni ndikupanga zovuta zosafunikira ndi kuyika ndi ntchito, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuphunzira mitundu yonse ya zida ndikusankha njira yoyenera.

Zamapangidwe

Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ngati njira yayikulu pakuchizira zinyalala. Dzinalo lina - madzi amatsimikizira kwathunthu tanthauzo la chipangizocho: yankho lapadera limatsanuliridwa mu chipinda chosankhidwa mwapadera, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala m'munsi mwa milandu (kutengera mtundu). Ngati zinyalala zilowa m'madzi oterowo, kugwiritsa ntchito fungo losasangalatsa pamaselo a maselo kumachitika: reagent imaphwanya tinthu tokhala mpweya.

Zomwe zili mkati mwa chipinda chija zimayikidwa mu chinthu chopanda fungo chomwe chimatulutsidwa ndi mwiniwakeyo pambuyo poti chidebe chadzaza kwathunthu. Izi zikuyenera kunenedwa ndi chisonyezero chapadera chomwe chimakhala pachikuto cha chipindacho. Njira yothetsera mankhwala imakhala ndi alumali ndipo nthawi ina imagwira ntchito. Nthawi itatha, madzi atsopano amawonjezeredwa m'chipinda, nthawi zambiri amakhala masabata 1-2, kutengera mtundu wa reagent.

Ubwino waukulu ndikuchotsa fungo losasangalatsa komanso njira yayitali yolimbitsira ntchito yokonza zida, kuyikapo ndi kuyeretsa. Komanso, madzi osagwiritsa ntchito madzi osafunikira komanso mpweya wabwino ngati chimbudzi chili m'nyumba ndizabwino zabwino. Choyipa chachikulu: mtengo wa njira zamagetsi ndi moyo wamtali waufupi. Ndiye kuti, njirayi siili ndi bajeti, koma ndiyothandiza.

Peaty

Mtundu uwu ndiwosangalatsa kwachilengedwe pazosankha zonse zomwe zaperekedwa. Mfundo za kayendetsedwe kake ndizosavuta ndipo imakhala ndikuphatikiza mchenga wouma wa peat kukhala chipinda cha zinyalala. Zovala zowuma zoterezi, zosakaniza zapadera za peat zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe, kuwonjezera pazowoneka bwino zopangira, ma reagents omwe amagwira ntchito amaphatikizidwa ndikuphatikizidwa, amathandizira kugawa zinyalala mofulumira. Palibe chifukwa chochitira zotulutsa zowonjezera kapena madzi akuthamanga, chifukwa njira zonse zimachitika palokha ndipo sizikufuna kuchitapo kanthu kwakanthawi.

Choyimira choterechi ndi chabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja (munjira zing'onozing'ono), chifukwa sizifunikira thandizo lowonjezera komanso limangogwira ntchito chifukwa chongowonjezera panthawi yake zosakanikirana za peat.

Pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zomwe zimagwira ntchito, zinyalala zonse zimasinthidwa kukhala kompositi, zomwe kenako zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati manyowa m'mundamo. Mtunduwu sukutenga malo ambiri, ndipo kuyeretsa kwake kumakhala nthawi yambiri komanso mwachangu.

Komabe, pali kupha kwakukulu, chifukwa chomwe wamaluwa ambiri amakana kugula chipangizochi: peat siyimasokoneza fungo losasangalatsa. Ngati chipinda chouma chamtunduwu chikayikidwa m'nyumba - nyumba ya m'dziko - padzafunika mpweya wowonjezera kapena kutulutsa kofutira kwa mafungo okhala ndi mpweya. Komabe, ndikusankha koyenera malo, kutanthauza kuti panja, vuto ili silimabuka.

Chimbudzi ndi makaseti

Mfundo zoyendetsera chipinda chofunda cha makaseti zimakhazikitsidwa panjira yolandila zinyalala mosungidwa mwapadera - kaseti, momwe madzi amadzimadzi amachotsedwa pamanja. Chipangizo chamtunduwu chimafanana ndi mbale wamba yakuchimbudzi, kupatula apo pali mwayi wolumikiza tanki, voliyumu yokhayo yomwe ili pafupifupi malita 20-25, kupita ku sewer central. Chombocho chimachotsedwa mosavuta ndikusinthidwa ndi china chatsopano ngati chasweka, ndipo izi zimathandizanso kuyeretsa ndikugwira ntchito kwa thankiyo. Komabe, ndikuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kuyeretsa chipinda chovuta ndizovuta, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi kuwongolera kwapamwamba kwa 180 ° ndi chizindikiro chapadera chothandizira, chomwe chimathandizira kuyeretsa kwa thankiyo panthawi yake. Fungo losasangalatsa limagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwathunthu, lomwe limakupatsani mwayi kuti muike chofunda chofunda chamkaseti m'chipindacho popanda mpweya wabwino wowonjezera. Chifukwa cha zabwino zambiri, mtunduwu watchuka kwambiri pakati pa nzika za chilimwe, ngakhale ndiwotsika kuposa mitundu ina muzotengera ziwiya. Mwa zovuta zina, ndikofunikira kudziwa zovuta za kukhazikitsa ndi kuvomerezedwa kukhalapo kwa zowonjezera zowonjezera, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakuwonongeka ndi zolakwika.

Zamagetsi

Mtundu wa malaya owuma ndi omwe ali ndiukadaulo kwambiri ndipo amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Njira yogwirira ntchitoyi imadalira kwathunthu kupezeka kwa ma netiweki amagetsi, omwe amalepheretsa pang'ono kuyika kwa chosakanikirana pamalo otseguka, komabe, mchipindacho, akagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, chipinda chouma magetsi ndi chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri mndandandandawo.

Mfundo za kagwiritsidwe ntchito zimakhazikitsidwa ndi kachipangizo kenakake ka thanki yamkati, komwe zinyalala zimapezeka. Imagawidwa m'magawo awiri, iliyonse yomwe imayang'anira zinyalala zamtundu wina: zamadzimadzi komanso zokhazikika.

Ndiye kuti, m'chipinda choyamba mumakhala mumkodzo wapadera wa mkodzo, ndipo wachiwiri umatenga ndowe. Kulekanitsidwa kumeneku kumalimbikitsa kasamalidwe koyipa kanyumba m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, chipinda chamadzimadzi, kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa dongosolo lanyanjayi ndikofunikira, komwe kumakhala kovuta kwambiri mikhalidwe ya nyumba yachilimwe, kapena yolumikizidwa ndi ngalande yamadzi.

Zinyalala zowuma zimayimitsidwa ndimakina amagetsi omwe amaikidwa pansi pa thankiyo ndikuchotsa pamanja. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mupeze fungo losasangalatsa pang'ono, chifukwa palibe zida zina zamafuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mukataya. Kuti kuthetsere fungo, chipindacho chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi mpweya wabwino komanso mpweya wabwino. Kuyeretsa zida zoterezi kumakhalanso kosavuta ndipo nthawi zambiri kumangokhala kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yake zomwe zili m'ma compart.

Kodi chipinda chouma ndichabwino kuperekako: TOP-12

Ganizirani mitundu 12 yodziwika bwino yama zovala, yomwe, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, ili ndi maluso abwino, komanso kuchuluka kwa "mtengo - wamtengo".

Kuti mukulitse chithunzi cha mtunduwo, dinani.