Moroznik - duwa la Khristu, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Hellebore (mu Latin Helleborus) ndi msipu wobera kuchokera ku banja la Lyutikov. Chomera chokongola maluwa ichi ndi chozizwitsa chenicheni cha chilengedwe. Chifukwa limamasula nthawi yamaluwa pomwe mbewu zina sizingatheke.

Frostweed imatha kusangalatsa ndi masamba okongola mu Novembala kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo.

Kufotokozera kwa hellebore, chithunzi

Amakula ngati chomera chokongoletsera komanso mankhwala. Pali mitundu 14 mwachilengedwe, malinga ndi zolembedwa zina - 20. Kusiyanaku mu manambala kumachitika chifukwa chakuti mitundu ina imadziwika monga mitundu yosiyana.

Hellebore ali ndi mayina ena ambiri - chisanu, chisanu, hellebore (dzina lachi Latin, lolemba pamapaketi a mankhwala). Chifukwa cha maluwa oyamba (a tchuthi cha Isitara), amatchedwa duwa la Khristu. Mitundu yonse imakhala poizoni, chifukwa imakhala ndi ma alkaloids a mtima. Mlingo woyenera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.

Dziko lakwawo la hellebore ndi la Mediterranean, lomwe limagawidwa kwambiri ku East Europe, Asia. Nthawi zambiri amakulira munthawi zachilengedwe m'mapiri, amakonda malo opanda mthunzi. Chomera chimatha kupirira nyengo iliyonse yoyipa - ndi slush, ndi chisanu.

Ili ndi masamba olimba, owuma osagwa ngakhale nthawi yozizira. Maluwa amawoneka nthawi zosadziwika, motero hellebore imadziwika kuti ndi yosatha komanso yosavuta kukula. Ndipo malo ake okongola, osalala, ngati opangidwa ndi nsangalabwi, inflorescence amatha kukongoletsa dimba lililonse ndikuyimilira paphwando kwanthawi yayitali atadula.

Mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse umakhala ndi masamba oonda kwambiri. Amasonkhanitsidwa mu malo oyambira. Kutalika kwa mbewu, kutengera mitundu, kuyambira 30 mpaka 100 cm.

Maluwa amakhala amitundu iwiri, yomwe imakhala pamiyendo italiitali, yomwe yatengedwa mu mawonekedwe a inflemose. Mitambo yayikulu-yayikulu-5 (mainchesi 5-8, nthawi zina mpaka 12 cm), yomwe nthawi zambiri imalakwika pamakhala, ndi yoyera, yapinki, beige, yofiirira, mitundu ina ya chikasu. Ma petals okha asintha ndipo ndi timawu tating'ono. Mapeto a nthawi yovunditsidwa ndi tizilombo, pomwe sikofunikanso kuwakopa, manda amapeza utoto wobiriwira ndikuyamba kukwaniritsa cholinga chawo - kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya hellebore: Caucasian ndi ena

M'minda, mitundu yambiri ya hellebore imakulidwa ngati yokongoletsera, komwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana imachokera, yosiyana ndi mtundu, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa maluwa, kutalika kwa tchire, mtundu wamasamba.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri m'minda yokongoletsera ya hellebore:

Onani	Kufotokozera	Masamba	Maluwa Zosiyanasiyana
Caucasus	Mtundu wapoizoni kwambiri suzizira chisanu.	Khungu lolimba 16 cm, logawidwa m'magawo akulu.	Mtundu wobiriwira kapena woyera ndi utoto wonyezimira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mitu yakugwa. Maluwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi.
Wonunkhira	Zoletsa kuthana ndi chilala, chobiriwira nthawi zonse, chokhala ndi chiphuphu chotalika masentimita 65	Zima nyengo yozizira, yokhala ndi zigawo zopyapyala, zonyezimira, zokhala ndi udzu wambiri	Wobiriwira wopepuka ndi m'mphepete wa bulauni. Wester Flisk - nthambi za burgundy inflorescence.
Kummawa	Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, pamaziko omwe mitundu yambiri imadulidwa.	Kukula kwapakatikati, kobiriwira kwakuda, ndi mawonekedwe owonda. Zochulukirapo kuposa mitundu ina yomwe imatengedwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.	Mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka yakuda kwambiri, yapinki, ya lilac, yamtundu wamtchire, yamtambo, yamtambo wamtambo, yofiirira, yofiyira ndi yamawangamawanga, yopanda matalala a mizere ingapo. Zotchuka: White Lady (White Lady) - yoyera-yoyera. Blue anemone - mtundu wamtambo wa buluu. Rock and Roll (Rock ndi roll) - pinki yokhala ndi mikwingwirima ya burgundy.
Chakuda	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chomera chamankhwala. Ili ndi machitidwe okongoletsa abwino, kukokana kwambiri chisanu. Dzinali lalandiridwa chifukwa cha mtundu wa chikondacho.	Wofiyira, wobiriwira wakuda.	Chachikulu, chimodzi, choyera-ngati chipale mkati, chofiyira kunja. Kukula kwa zosinthika kumafika m'mimba mwake mpaka 12 cm. Preox (Preox) - pinki yofewa. Wheel Pottery (Wheel Pottery) - maluwa akulu kwambiri oyera (13 cm).
Zophatikiza	Mtundu wosiyana, wopangidwa mwaluso, kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo. Pachimake mu Epulo.	Mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, wandiweyani.	Atlamubens (Atrorubens) - wofiirira wowala bwino ndi utoto wonyezimira. Violetta (Violetta) - loyera, lamatumba okhala ndi mitsempha ya pinki ndi malire pozungulira m'mbali. Mfumukazi ya Usiku - wofiirira wakuda wokhala ndi zikasu zachikasu. Belinda (Belinda) - yoyera yoyera, yokhala ndi gawo lofiirira ndi pinki pamalire pamtanda uliwonse. Blue Lady (Blue Lady) - mtundu wa lilac.

Kubzala ndi kukula hellebore

Kubzala hellebore kutha kuchitika pogawa ma rhizomes kapena nthangala.

Ndikosavuta kubzala ma rhizomes, mbewu zimayamba kutulutsa kale, koma zovuta ndikuti ndi njirayi samazika mizu bwino.

Kukula kwa nthanga kumatenga nthawi yayitali, maluwa amatuluka patatha zaka 3-4, koma mbewu zimasintha bwino komanso kuphuka. Mbewu zomwe mwapeza pamalo ake, mutha kukula pokhapokha ngati mtundu wa hellebore (osati wosakanizidwa). Kuti tikukula mitundu yosakanizidwa, mbewu ziyenera kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera.

Kubzala mbande

Mbeu zatsopano zomwe zangokolola zokha ndizoyenera kubzala, chifukwa mbewu zatha zidayamba kumera. Ndikwabwino kubzala kumapeto kwa Juni, pomwe akakhwima kale ndipo ali okonzeka kubzala.

Kuti mbewu isagwere pansi pasadakhale, maluwa amamangiriridwa ndi nthangala, komwe amachichotsa.

Pofesa mbewu za mbande, muyenera kusankha malo ometa, manyowa nthaka ndi humus, iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yonyowa. Zitsani mbewuzo ndi masentimita 1-1.5. Mutabzala mu June, mbande zimatuluka mchaka chamawa, mwezi wa Marichi.

Pamene masamba awiriawiri a masamba akuwonekera pa mbande, muyenera kuwakhomera iwo mu kama wamaluwa m'malo otetezeka pomwe adzakulire zaka ziwiri. Kenako imbani mbande zamphamvu m'malo okhazikika. M'chaka chachitatu chokha chimaphuka.

Thirani ndikugawa

Ndikabzala bwino, hellebore imatha kukula malo amodzi mpaka zaka 10.

Zomera izi sizimakonda kupandidwa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusiya tchire pamalo amodzi mpaka atakula kwambiri.

Kenako mutha kukumba ndikugawa tchire zingapo. Atakhala m'malo atsopano, amazika nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, muyenera chisamaliro choyenera - kutsirira pafupipafupi, kutetezedwa ndi dzuwa.

Matenda a Hellebore

Mitundu yambiri ya hellebore imakula bwino mumthunzi kapena kuyatsa. Koma mmerawu ndiwonse komanso umasinthasintha. Mitundu ina ya haibridi yomwe imawoneka kuti ndi yopambana m'malo a dzuwa ndi owuma.

Chisamaliro chakunja kwa hellebore

Mbewu izi ndizochulukirapo, zosagwira chisanu, osafunikira pakupanga nthaka. Koma malingaliro ena akusamalidwa akuyenera kuonedwa:

Pewani kukokoloka kwa madzi pa ma rhizomes ndi kuyanika dothi. Chifukwa chake, masulani dothi ndikupereka madzi nthawi zonse mukanyowa.
Ndikofunika kuti mulch mozungulira mbewu zokhala ndi peat, kompositi, zinyalala zazing'ono zamatabwa.
Pa dothi lokhala ndi acidic, amakula, motero muyenera kuwonjezera choko, laimu, phulusa panthaka.
Nthaka ya m'nkhalango, yomwe ili ndi zinthu zonse zofunika, ndi yabwino pazomera izi.
Moroznik amakonda feteleza yemwe amafunikira kuyamwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Kenako izisangalala ndi maluwa ambiri. Kuphatikiza pa mulching ndi kompositi kapena humus, muyenera kupanga feteleza wa mchere pazaka zokulira, komanso chakudya chamfupa.

Ngakhale chisamaliro cha chisanu cha mbewuzi, mitundu yambiri, makamaka yophatikiza, m'magawo omwe ali ndi chisanu kwambiri amafunika kukhomeredwa, choncho amaphimbidwa ndi spruce nthawi yachisanu.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Moroznik ndi chomera chakupha chifukwa chake sichimawoneka bwino ku tizirombo, chimaletsa matenda. Koma pansi pazinthu zina, zimagwiranso ntchito zotere:

vutoli limachitika ndikatunga madzi, ndiye mbewuyo ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi bowa;
Anthracnose - pankhani iyi, muyenera kuchotsa madera onse okhudzidwa ndi chomera ndikuthandizira mankhwala omwe ali ndi mkuwa;
mawanga owonerera - dulani madera onse okhudzidwa ndikuchiza ndi fungicide;
Downy mildew - kudulira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera;
wa tizirombo ndiowopsa - nsabwe za m'masamba, mavu, nkhono, mbewa, mbozi.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala: zida zofunikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito hellebore

Moroznik imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochiza matenda ambiri. Koma mutha kumwa moperewera, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri ndi owopsa thanzi. Ndi dokotala yekhayo amene angakupatseni chithandizo chotere, chifukwa pali zovuta zambiri zotsutsana.

Pazifukwa zamankhwala, rhizome ya mbewuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imamasulidwa kumadera owonongeka, kutsukidwa bwino, youma ndi nthaka. Pambuyo pokonza decoctions, kulowetsedwa, mafuta.