Spathiphyllum ndiwosatha wa banja la Aroid. Kwawo - Polynesia, madera akumwera kwa America, mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Asia.
Kufotokozera kwa spathiphyllum
Chomera chiribe mtengo, masamba omwe amakhala pamizu amapanga mulu kuchokera m'nthaka.
Pali chidule chofupikitsa. Masamba ndi chowulungika, okhala ndi mtsempha wowonekera bwino wamkati. Ma inflorescence ali ndi mwendo wamtambo; kumapeto kwake kuli chophimba choyera.
Mitundu ya spathiphyllum
Pakukula kwakunyumba, mitundu ingapo ya spathiphyllum ndiyabwino:
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Wallis | Shrub mpaka 45 cm, kutalika kwa inflorescence kuli pafupifupi 10 cm. Amadziwika kuti ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri. |
| Dominoes | Zithunzi zabwino Mtundu - wobiriwira wakuya wokhala ndi maayeti oyera oyera. Kukongoletsa kwambiri komanso kutalika kwa maluwa kumasiyanitsidwa. |
| Chopin | Shrub ikukula mpaka 40 cm.Masamba odala okhala ndi mitsempha yowala. Fungo labwino. |
| Chisoni | Chomera cha haibridi. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino mumakula mpaka 1.5m. Zazikulu zazikulu komanso zowala. |
| Zovuta | Shrub kutalika kwa 30 cm. masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira. |
| Kufalikira | Kukula kwapakatikati. Masamba ovunda amayamba kuda pomwe spathiphyllum imakula. Ali ndi malo okwera. |
| Zosangalatsa | Chomera chomwe chimakula mpaka 60 cm, masamba ndi aatali, petioles ndi olimba. Kuzungulira makutuwo pali bulangete yoyera yoyera yomwe imawoneka yofanana ndi mbendera. |
| Sangathe | Chitsamba chosakanizidwa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipinda. Zithunzi zazikuluzikulu. |
| Wopaka supuni | Ikukula mpaka mita 1. Masamba opangika ndi ellipse, kutalika - 40 cm, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 20. Mapulogalamu - okongola, amakhala ndi konsekonse. |
| Helix | Imakhala ndi chophimba choyera, chimachita mdima pamene ikukula. Kutalika kwa masamba a elliptic ndi mpaka 0.5 cm. |
Spathiphyllum ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima, kotero kuti obereketsa akupanga mitundu yatsopano yonse. Makolo a gawo lalikulu la iwo ndi mitundu monga Wallis ndi maluwa.
Mitundu ina, kutalika ndi 2-5 masentimita, mwa ena pafupifupi masentimita 45. Pakati pawo, zotsatirazi ndi zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri:
- Mauna Loa - amakula mpaka 60 cm, ali ndi masamba owonda.
- Petite ndi mtundu wocheperako womwe umangofika 18 cm, kutalika kwa masamba masentimita 5 cm.
- Clevlandii ndi masamba opyapyala, opendekera.
- Picasso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyananso, pambale pali magawo oyera ndi obiriwira.
Nyengo nyengo ya spathiphyllum
Mukamasamalira duwa kunyumba, muyenera kuyang'ana nyengo ya chaka:
| Choyimira | Marichi-Seputembala | Ogasiti -February |
| Malo / Kuwala | Malo abwino ndi zenera lakumawa kapena kumadzulo. Kuwala ndi kwabwino, koma kosakanikirana. | Phimbani ndi nyali ya fluorescent. |
| Kutentha | + 22 ... +23 ° С. Tetezani ku zolemba. | Osachepera +18 ° С. |
| Chinyezi | Mulingo - 65-70%. Nthawi zonse amathiridwa ndi madzi otentha owiritsa. Mphika umayikidwa mu poto wokhala ndi miyala yonyowa. | Kamodzi pa sabata, owazidwa ndi madzi ofunda. |
| Kuthirira | Pambuyo kuyanika dothi lapamwamba. Nthawi ziwiri kapena zitatu pa sabata. | Kamodzi pa sabata. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi masiku 10-14. Ikani ma feteleza amadzimadzi am'madzi ambiri okhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Gwiritsani ntchito vermicompost, mbalame zitosi. | Kamodzi masabata 3-4. Ma mineral complexes okhala ndi nayitrogeni. |
Kusinthidwa kwa spathiphyllum kukhala mchipinda
Masiku ochepa atagula, amalangizidwa kuti asakhudze duwa, chifukwa limakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa zinthu. Kuyika kumachitika osati kale kuposa momwe mbewu imasinthira.
Kuti tifulumizitse izi, mphika umatengedwera kuchipinda chamdima komwe dzuwa sililowa. Munthawi imeneyi, spathiphyllum imachitika kwa masabata 3-4, kenako ndikuwonjezera ndikuchitika. Ngati duwa linagulidwa pakulima, ndiye kuti silisuntha mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yino.
Ngati chitsamba, chidebe chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena dongo chimasankhidwa, chifukwa chinyontho chimasungidwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi yomweyo, payenera kukhala malo otsegulira pansi pa botolo kuti madzi asadziunjike ndipo ma piizomes amawola.
Chidebecho chizikhala ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 2-3 kuposa momwe chimapitira kale. Zitsamba zazing'ono sizinabzalidwe nthawi yomweyo m'miphika yayikulu, popeza mizu yake imalephera kuyamwa nthaka yonse, imayamba kuwola.
Malo amagulidwa m'sitolo kapena kudzipangira pawokha. Nthaka imasankhidwa kukhala yachonde, yodzazidwa ndi zofunikira komanso zopatsa thanzi. Mwachilengedwe, duwa limamera m'malo okhala kompositi, nthambi, masamba agwa ndi makala. Ndi dilution yachipinda, mutha kukonzekera zosakaniza zofananira.
Gawo lokhala ndi zitsamba zobiriwira limatha kukhala ndi zigawo zotsatirazi, zomwe zatengedwa pa 2: 4: 1: 1: 1:
- nthaka yamaluwa;
- peat;
- mchenga;
- humus;
- dziko lodziyimira.
Mukakonza dothi ndi mphika, mutha kupitaka ndi kukazika, chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mpandawo, njira yokhayo yokhayo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikutsatira dongosolo lotsatirali:
- Denga lokwera lomwe lili ndi dongo komanso timiyala timayikidwa pansi pa chotengera chatsopanocho.
- Fizirani pansi ena pamwamba.
- Chitsamba chomwe chili mumphika chimakhala ndimadzi ambiri, izi ndizofunikira kupangitsa kuti mbewu ichotse.
- Dulani njira zonse zamtsogolo.
- Thumba loumbika limachotsedwa mu thanki yakale ndikuyikidwa pakati pa yatsopanoyo. Ma voids omwe ali m'mphepete amadzazidwa ndi dothi losakanikira, kupewa kupangika kwa matumba amlengalenga.
- Duwa limathiriridwa, ngati nthaka idakhazikika, ndiye kuwonjezera pang'ono.
- Pitani kumalo amdima.
Pambuyo pakuwonjezereka, spathiphyllum imapukusidwa kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, koma osamwetsa. Maziko athunthu azidzachitika m'masabata atatu. Pambuyo pokhapokha ndiyambiranso kuthirira.
Kubala kwa Spathiphyllum
Pakakulidwa m'nyumba, duwa limafalitsidwa kudzera m'njira zingapo:
- kudula;
- kugawanika kwa chitsamba;
- kubzala mbewu.
Mukamasankha njira yoyamba kubereka, ma algorithm otsatirawa amatsatiridwa:
- Zidula zotalika masentimita 10 zimadulidwa kuchokera ku spathiphyllum wamkulu.
- Gawo laling'ono limapangidwa ndi mchenga wonyowa ndi perlite mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1. Chidebe cha mizu - kapu ya pulasitiki yaying'ono.
- Njira zake zimayikidwa pansi, yokutidwa ndi kanema kuti zitsimikizire kuti potenga kutentha kwanyengo. Kudzera mugalasi, njira yozula mbewu ionekera.
- Chitsamba chikakhala cholimba, filimuyo imachotsedwa ndipo duwa limadzalidwa mumphika wina.
Ngati kugawa kwa shrub kumasankhidwa, ndiye kuti "ana" amawonekera pamunsi pake. M'mwezi wa Marichi, amasiyanitsidwa ndikusiyidwa m'nthaka yosaloledwa (gwiritsani ntchito njira imodzimodziyo pakumalumikiza). Zochita zonse zimachitidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti zisavulaze spathiphyllum.
Mutha kugawanso nthiti. Kuti muchite izi, poika chitsamba, mizu yake imagawika m'magawo awiri (pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa), pomwepo amasunthidwa kuti adzipatuleni.
Kubelekedwa ndi njere sikumachitidwa, chifukwa kumafuna nthawi yambiri ndipo sikumapereka zotsatira 100%. Ngati mukugwiritsabe ntchito zinthu zobzala izi, tsatirani dongosolo ili:
- Mbewu zobzalidwa mumchenga ndi peat (1: 1).
- Mphika umakutidwa ndi kanema kuti apange zinthu zobiriwira.
- Pulirani nthawi zonse mpaka muzu.
Mbande zolimbikitsidwa zimasunthidwa kuzilekanitsa.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi zovuta za kukula kwa spathiphyllum
Spathiphyllum yomwe ikukula pakhomo imayendera limodzi ndi kuukira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda omwe amakulitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chabwino:
| Zizindikiro Mawonekedwe pamasamba | Chifukwa | Kuthetsa |
| M'mbali ndi tsinde zimasanduka zakuda. | Kuchuluka kwamagetsi. | Chotsani madzi ochuluka, ikani sphagnum pamtunda, chotsani nthaka yakufa ndi zigawo za mizu. |
| Choka. | Chinyezi chochepa. | Konzani kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, utsi wa masamba nthawi 2 patsiku kuchokera mfuti yofukizira. Chidebe chomwe chili ndi maluwa chimatengedwa kupita nacho ku pallet ndi dongo lonyowa. M'nyengo yozizira, chokani kutali ndi zida zamagetsi. |
| Chikaso. | Kukomoka chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya. | Kutengedwa kupita ku chida chatsopano, kuchotsa dothi lakale kwambiri momwe mungathere. Siyani kwa milungu ingapo popanda feteleza kuti muzika mizu. |
| Maluwa akusowa. | Zosagwira bwino ntchito: Kuwala koyipa, chinyezi chosakwanira, kutsirira bwino, kuchepa kapena kuperewera kwa michere. | Konzani chilichonse chosamalidwa malinga ndi zofunikira. |
| Chesa | Mphamvu yadzuwa. | Kukhazikitsidwa m'malo amdima. |
| Kufota. | Kusowa kapena chinyezi chambiri. Dothi losauka. | Lamulirani kuthirira: nthaka youma imathiriridwa, ndikufewetsedwa kwambiri - youma. Ngati dziko lapansi ndi lolemera, ndiye kuti chomera chija chimasinthidwa kukhala gawo lopepuka. |
| Kutambasula. | Kuwala koyipa. | Pitani kuchipinda chowala. |
| Kukula pang'ono. | Kuchuluka kwambiri. | Kuziika mumphika wokhala ndi mainchesi ang'ono. |
| Tizilombo tambiri tambiri. | Chotchinga. | Akuluakulu amachotsedwa pamanja, masamba ake amawatsuka ndi sopo wobiriwira ndikuwazidwa ndi mankhwala aliwonse. Zochita zimabwerezedwa pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. |
| Kuthira kwamphamvu. | Sowa soya. | Amathandizidwa ndi madzi amchere. |
| Tsamba loyera | Spider mite. | Ndasambitsa ndi sopo yankho, ochiritsidwa ndi mankhwala aliwonse. |
| White zokutira sera. | Mealybug. | Masamba amathiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zipatso za malalanje. |
| Kuuma, kuwoneka kwamawonekedwe oyera oyera. | Zopatsa. | Chomera chimathandizidwa ndi Lightning, Actellik kapena Fitoverm. |
Ndi chizindikiritso cha panthawi yake ndikuchotsa mavutowa, mmera umakondweretsa mawonekedwe abwino ndi maluwa. Mukachedwa ndi chithandizo, ndiye kuti spathiphyllum imayamba kusanduka chikaso, kufota, kenako kufa.
A Chilimwe wokhala nawo amalangiza: spathiphyllum - duwa la chisangalalo chachikazi
Spathiphyllum ili ndi mayina angapo nthawi imodzi - kakombo wapadziko lonse, loyera loyera, chisangalalo chachikazi, koma chomaliziracho chimawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti chomera ichi chili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamatsenga.
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino cha kakombo wapadziko lapansi, adzathokoza mbuyake, akumupatsa chisangalalo, chisangalalo ndi mtendere wamalingaliro. Maluwa awa amalimbikitsa kudzidalira, amalimbitsa thanzi, komanso amakulolani kuti mugwirizane ndi inu komanso dziko lakunja.
Zizindikiro zingapo zimagwirizananso ndi izi:
- ngati duwa limaperekedwa kwa mkazi wosakwatiwa, posachedwa adzakumana ndi chikondi chake chenicheni;
- pakusowa kwa ana, amakupatsani mwayi wosangalala ndi kukhala mayi;
- imayendetsa mgwirizano mu ubale.
Limbitsani machitidwe a spathiphyllum pogula chisangalalo cha amuna - anthurium. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mitundu iyi kudzapatsa banja ubale weniweni, chikondi ndi kumvetsetsa.
