Mylnianka (saponaria) ndi wachikale wochokera kubanja la Carnation. Malo ogawa - kumwera kwa Europe, pakati Asia.
Kufotokozera zamasamba sopo
M'chilengedwe mumafika mita 1. Yokhazikika, koma thunthu lokhazikika kwambiri. Yosalala, nthawi zina imayamba kupindika. Masamba achepa, malangizowo akuwonetsedwa.
Masamba ali wolumikizidwa mu ma corollas a 5 petals. Mtundu - kuchokera pautoto wapinki mpaka wofiirira.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya saponaria
Mitundu yotsatirayi ya saponaria ndiyoyenera kulima m'nyumba:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Zosiyanasiyana | Mawonekedwe |
| Mankhwala (Mwachizolowezi) | Imafika pamasentimita 90. Zimayambira zambiri, zamasamba ambiri. Masamba ndi oblong-oval. Ma Buds - mithunzi yonse kuyambira yoyera mpaka yofiira. Imakhala ndi fungo labwino. | Flora Pleno | Terry, mtundu - pinki wowawasa. |
| Betty Arnold | Masamba oyera-oyera, ma pedicels adadutsa. Mtundu wa Terry. | ||
| Variegata | Zomera zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. | ||
| Wopenga | Masamba osiyanasiyana, mtundu wa masamba ndi pinki. | ||
| Rubra, Alba ndi Rosea Kutapa | Chomera chokongoletsera, chagwirizana ndi inflorescence. Mtundu - kuchokera kuyera mpaka utoto. | ||
| Tsamba lasamba | Imakula mpaka masentimita 20. Mphukirayo ndi yayitali, yofewa, yofalikira pansi ndikupanga pilo yobiriwira. Masamba ndi odera, wobiriwira wobiriwira. Maluwa ndi ofiira. | Rubra Phula | Maluwa okongoletsedwa a pinki, kuphimba mphukira. |
| Zapamwamba | Phale pinki. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo. | ||
| Pamwamba pa chipale | Masamba ndiwobiriwira kwambiri. Mphukira zake ndi zoyera. |
Mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyotchuka pakulima kokongoletsa:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
| Olivana | Mitundu yonyowa yophatikiza, imakula mpaka 10 cm. | Kukula, kukula mu mphika womwe umakhala ngati galasi. Mtundu - pinki kapena utoto. |
| Turfy | Osatha, wokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 15. Masamba ake ndi osalala, okwera pang'ono. | Zithunzi zosagwirizana ndi pinki. |
| Lempergee | Wophatikiza womwe umakula mpaka masentimita 40. Thunthu lake ndi lowongoka, lopanda nthambi zambiri. Tizilomboti timapindika m'mphepete, timatalala. | Pinki wowala kapena wofiirira wowala. |
| Bressingham | Maonekedwe achikamba, ogwiritsira ntchito miyala ya rockeries ndi alpine. | Rasipiberi wamkulu. |
Njira zobzala za saponaria
Mumkhalidwe ndi saponaria, kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kumatchuka kwambiri. Mukangoyikidwa poyera, chitani izi mu Meyi kapena Okutobala. Koma izi zisanachitike, dziko lapansi limakumbidwa mosamala, njerezo zimagawidwa ndikuzyala m'nthaka mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito khungwa. Kupitilira apo, kubzala zakutidwa ndi kanema, zimachepetsa nthawi yamera. Nthawi yodzala yophukira, mabedi amayikidwa ndi masamba owuma pofuna kupewa kuzizira kwa mbewu.
Koma kuti duwa likhale lolimba komanso lathanzi, amalimbikitsabe kubzala mbande m'nthaka. Chifukwa cha izi, mu Marichi, dothi losakanizidwa limathiridwa m'mbale zokhazikitsidwa, mbewu zimagawidwira ndikuyanthidwa ndi dothi. Zitachitika izi, dothi lothira madzi pompopopera, pangani mosamala kuti musakhumudwitse kubzala kwa zinthu. Zombozo zimakutidwa ndi kanema komanso zimapereka kutentha kwa +20 ° C, kuwala kumawonetsedwa. Kanema wa tsiku ndi tsiku amachotsedwa kwa mphindi 10-15 kuti mbande zam'mlengalenga.
Zomera zoyambirira zimachitika patatha milungu iwiri ndi itatu. Pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri owona, saponaria imayikidwa mu mphika wina.
Chisamaliro cha Saponaria
Mylnyanka amafunikira kuthirira pang'ono, chifukwa duwa limakhudzana ndi kusayenda kwamadzi. Kupitilira muyeso kumabweretsa chakuti mizu yozungulira.
Mukathira chinyezi, dothi lozungulira saponaria limasulidwa pang'ono. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti mizu yake imadzaza ndi mpweya. Poterepa, udzu wonse umachotsedwa. Kuti muchepetse kufalikira, miyala imayikidwa pafupi ndi sopo.
Maluwa atatha, mbali zonse zouma za saponaria zimachotsedwa ndipo mphukira zimafupikitsidwa ndi wachitatu. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitidwa kamodzi m'mwezi wa Epulo; feteleza wamtundu wamamineral omwe amakhala ndi phosphorous ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Maluwa, kuwumba ndi kudulira
Saponaria imatha kuphuka nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Kuti apange zitsamba zatsopano zokongola ndikuthandizira maluwa, mphukira zomwe zimatha zimachotsedwa mu Seputembala, ndipo zina zonse zimadulidwa pambuyo pokuzizira.
Zisanu
Kuuma kwa chisanu mu sopo kumadalira mitundu yake, koma kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika kumapeweka chifukwa chakuti amaphimba duwa nthawi yozizira. Pazifukwa izi, masamba agwa kapena nthambi za spruce zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Saponaria amalimbana kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizilombo. The majeremusi yekha amene amayambitsa mavuto ndi chinkakhazikika m'munda. Tizilombo timayikira mazira pa thunthu ndi mbewu. Kuti awononge tizirombo, amatengedwa pamanja kuchokera sopo mbale.
Mwa zina mwa matenda, ndi fungus zomwe zimapangitsa masamba kuwona. Ndipo kuthirira kwambiri kumabweretsa kuwola kwa mizu. M'magawo onse awiri, madera omwe akukhudzidwawo amachotsedwa, ndipo duwa limasinthidwira mumphika watsopano.
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za sopowort
Mizu ya saponaria imakhala ndi triterpine saponins, yopereka sopo katundu. Koma ngati mutapanga lingaliro kwa iwo, ndiye kuti iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda a eczema, dermatitis, ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Ntchito ngati choyembekezerera bronchitis ndi chifuwa. Ili ndi katundu wopatsa thanzi komanso wokongoletsa.
