Katarantus: malongosoledwe, mitundu ndi mitundu, chisamaliro cha nyumba ndi munda

Katarantus ndi mbewu yobiriwira yobiriwira ya banja la Kutrov. Mphamvu zake zakuchiritsa ndi kukongola zimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Duwa lamtchire lomwe limapezeka kumayiko otentha, monga Cuba, Africa, Indochina, Indonesia, Java. Malo omwe mbewuyo idabadwira ndi Madagascar. Maluwa ndioyenera kubereka kunyumba komanso m'munda.

Kufotokozera kwa Catharanthus

Monga chomera chakunyumba, catharanthus ndi maluwa osatha kapena a pachaka omwe amafika kutalika kwa 30-60 cm. Zimayambira ndi nthambi yoyera yobiriwira pamwamba. Masamba obiriwira amdima sakhala m'mphepete ndipo amakhala ndi mitsempha yoyera pakati, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 8. Muzu wa catharanthus ndi ndodo, umapitilira pansi mpaka pansi mpaka 30 cm ndipo umakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa.

Maluwa a chomera pafupifupi samanunkhiza, ali ofanana kwambiri ndi ma phloxes, amakula pamwamba pa mphukira. Ziphuphu ndizopakidwa zoyera kapena zapinki, mitundu ina imakhala ndi kusiyana, mwachitsanzo, pakatikati pali burgundy, ndipo m'mbali mwake ndi koyera. Mitundu isanu yokha ya mawonekedwe olondola. Zomera zimatulutsa chilimwe chonse komanso chiyambi cha nthawi yophukira.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya catharanthus kunyumba

Onani	Kufotokozera	Maluwa
Ampelic	Tchire limafika kutalika kosaposa masentimita 15. Kutalika kwa mphukira zotsika ndi 100-150 cm.	Lakuthwa kwambiri la pinki kapena la violet limakula kutalika kwa njirayi. Utoto wogawana umadutsa kuchokera kumphepete mwa kuwala kwa patali kupita pakati pakuda.
Pinki	Amakula mpaka 60 cm ndipo ndi osatha. Ndi shimmer wowala bwino, masamba, omwe adadzoza ndi sera wamasamba, ndiwobiriwira, m'malo mwake amakula ndikuyamba kutalika masentimita 10. Zizindikiro zina zakunja ndizofanana ndi parasitic, asayansi m'mbuyomu adakhulupirira kuti izi ndizofanana.	Mmodzi, ndi miyala isanu. Utoto wautoto ndi wosiyana: kuchokera ku pinki kapena yoyera mpaka burgundy, ndipo utoto wofiirira wa corolla umamaliza bwino chithunzi chonse. Kukula kwa 3-5 cm.
Aristocrat	Imakula mpaka 50 cm. Ndizofunikira kwambiri kukhala oyenera kukula pakhomo komanso m'munda.	Makulidwewo amafika masentimita 5. Pali mawonekedwe osiyanitsa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri: kuyambira oyera-oyera mpaka burgundy.
Pacific Burgundy	Wocheperako kukula, wokhala ndi mizu yoyambira. Kutalika sikufika kuposa 30 cm.	Ziphuphu ndi zotuwa pinki ndi pakati yoyera, zisanu zilipo.
Apurikoti waku Pacific	Otsika, 30 cm, pomwe cap ili pafupifupi 20 cm.	Apurikoti hue wokhala ndi malo ofiira ofiira.
Pacific White	Otsika, 30 cm, pomwe cap ili pafupifupi 20 cm.	Mitambo yoyera yolimba. Pali maluwa pomwe gawo lapakati ndilofiyira.
Choyamba kumpsompsona	Kukula kochepa - masentimita 35 mpaka 40. Ali ndi chipewa chokongola.	Mithunzi imasiyana kwambiri. Pali pafupifupi 13 aiwo mwa mitundu iyi: violet-buluu, yoyera-yapinki ndipo ena amapezeka.

Kusamalira catharanthus kunyumba

Parameti	Zofunika
Malo / Kuwala	Ndiwofotokozera, chifukwa chake miphika nayo imayikidwa pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Dzuwa mwachindunji, limafa msanga, ndipo ndikapanda kuwala, zimayambira zimafooka, maluwa amatha.
Kutentha	+ 22 ... +26 ° С, duwa limamverera bwino ndipo limapereka masamba akulu kwambiri.
Chinyezi / Kutsirira	Pafupipafupi komanso mokwanira, dothi siliyenera kupukuta, kuopera kuti tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono timaoneka pa duwa. Muyeneranso kutsitsi chitsamba tsiku lililonse, makamaka muzu kuti musunge madzi bwino.
Dothi	Malo ayenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale. Katarantus imakhazikitsidwa bwino mu dothi la peat. Nthawi zambiri, gawo lapadera limawonjezeredwa mumphika, lomwe limakhala ndi malo owotera ndi perlite, kotero kuti mbewuyo imazika mizu.
Mavalidwe apamwamba	Manyowa amchere, phosphorous ndi malasha njira. Mutha kuyamba masabata awiri mutafika.

Kutenga kwa catharanthus ndi chisamaliro chake poyera

Parameti	Zofunika
Malo / Kuwala	Nthawi zambiri, mabedi amaluwa okhala ndi zitsamba amapezeka kumbali ya dzuwa, kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Komabe, mbewuyo sakonda kuwala mwachindunji, komwe kuyenera kukumbukiridwa mukabzala.
Kutentha	Bzalani mbande pamatenthedwe apamwamba pa +20 ° C, apo ayi mbewuyo idzafa, siliyesa kutentha bwino, limafunikira kuthiliratu.
Chinyezi / Kutsirira	Onetsetsani kuti dothi silikuuma ndipo limakhalabe lonyowa. Koma kukwera kwambiri kumakhudza catharanthus. Chifukwa chake, mvula yamvula yayitali pamwamba pa chitsamba muyenera kumanga chihema chapadera.
Dothi	Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa udzu ndi kuchotsa udzu. Mutha kuwonjezera phulusa kapena dongo lokulitsa kuti chitsamba chizimva bwino. Makamaka katarantus amakonda dothi la peat, kotero mapiritsi ochepa a peat nthawi zambiri amayikidwa mu dzenje.
Mavalidwe apamwamba	Masabata awiri aliwonse, osatinso, ndi zosakaniza zapadera pazomera zokongoletsera. Chepetsani Mlingo womwe watchulidwa pakadutsa theka, jekeseni yankho pansi pa muzu, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito feteleza nthawi yachisanu.

Kuyika kwa Catharanthus

Katarantus ikuyenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse, chifukwa ikukula mwachangu. Kuti chomera chikule bwino, muyenera kudula zitsamba zomwe zimatambalala nthawi yachisanu nthawi iliyonse yophukira.

Kudulira kwa Catharanthus ndi chitsamba

Pa maluwa obzalidwa, maluwa amawonekera patatha milungu ingapo. Amadziwika kuti kusunga zitsamba kwa zaka zopitilira atatu sikulimbikitsidwa. Popita nthawi, maluwa ake akale amawoneka ngati maluwawo, maluwawo amacheperachepera, ndipo thunthu limayamba kufooka.

Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kukonzanso catharanthus ndi zodula. Nthawi zambiri zikhomani nsonga za mphukira kuti mbewu ipangidwe. Chitsamba chimamera mokhazikika ndipo chimakondwera ndi inflorescence yake yobiriwira.

Kufalitsa kwa Catharanthus

Mbewu zitha kufesedwa kunyumba nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Chidebe chofikira kupitirira 10 cm chiyenera kukonzedwa, popeza catharanthus ali ndi mizu yayitali, pangani mabowo otayira pansi kuti atunge madzi ochulukirapo.
Musanalowetse nthanga m'nthaka yomwe mukukonzekera, muyenera kuyigwira mu njira ya Epin kwa maola awiri.
Mphukira zoyambirira zimayenera kuwonekera mkati mwa sabata ndi theka, ndiye kuti mphikawo uyenera kuikidwa pamalo abwino.
Munthawi yakukula koyambirira, catharanthus imakhala yotetezeka, motero, nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kusatsike kuposa + 22 ... +23 ° С. Zimatenga mwezi wathunthu kuti chomera chipange mizu yolimba, ndichifukwa chake kukula kwake sikuwoneka.
Catharanthus amafunika kuti abzalidwe muzophatikiza pambuyo pokhapokha masamba anayi amoyo. Chitani izi mu February-Marichi, kuti mbewu ili ndi nthawi yakucha.

Pambuyo pakuumitsa mbande pa khonde, itabzalidwe pamalowo pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya mumsewu kumafika pamwamba pa + 20 ° C. Izi zimathandizana ndi kusintha kwa mphukira ndikulonjeza maluwa abwino mtsogolo. Asanabzale, dothi la m'munda liyenera kukumbidwa bwino ndi kusakanikirana ndi dongo lokulitsa.

Kudula mwina ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Kuti mufalitse catharanthus mwanjira iyi, muyenera:

Chapakatikati, konzekerani apical akuwombera pafupifupi 12 cm.
Chachikulu: kuchotsa masamba pansi ndikuyika phesi m'nthaka ndi peat, mutatha kupukuta kaye. Kuonetsetsa kutentha kwa mbewuyo, chokolezeracho chikuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu yoteteza kapena chivundikiro.
Masabata atatu otsatirawa, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino uzitha ndi kupopera mankhwalawo ndi madzi, zikafika nthawi imeneyi chomera chiziwirawo.
Kuchita kutha kuchitidwa poyera, chifukwa muyenera kuphimba mabulowo ndi chidebe chapadera (mtsuko kapena polyethylene) ndikuwaza ndi lapansi pafupifupi 3 cm - kutanthauza kuti, pangani malo obiriwira.
Kumera kwa catharanthus ndikwabwino kwambiri m'malo obiriwira, koma wamaluwa ambiri opanda zida alibe zida zoyenera. Zodulidwa zingabzalidwe (kapena kuchotsa zida zotchingira mukachotsa panja) pomwe mphukira zimapereka masamba oyamba.

Awiri mwa njira zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi mawonekedwe a zonse ziwirizi ndi nyumba. Zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa chitsimikiziro kuchokera mumphika wina kupita china.

Kugawikana kwa tchire kumachitika m'njira zingapo:

Chomera chimachotsedwa mumphika ndipo dothi lowonjezera limagwedezeka, pambuyo pake, poganiza za magawidwe ogawana ndi mpweya (izi zimatengera kukula kwake, magawo atatu a magawo atatu), odulidwa ndi mpeni.
Pofuna kupewa katarantus, mpweya wothandizirana kapena wothandizidwa umayikidwa pazigawo.
Pamapeto pa njirayi, mbewu zomwe zidayikidwa zimayikidwa mumzindayo.

Njira ndi yofalikira, chifukwa zotsatira zake ndi catharanthus wamkulu yemwe amasinthasintha mwachangu. Pambuyo pakupanga kwathunthu mizu yatsopano (pafupi masabata atatu), chomeracho chimatha kuikidwa poyera.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo mukasamalira catharanthus, matenda ndi tizirombo

Kuwonetsera	Zifukwa	Njira zoyesera
Mawanga amdima pamasamba. Matenda: dzimbiri.	Kuchuluka kwamagetsi.	Utsi ndi fungicides. Ikani chitsamba mu dothi latsopano.
Yellowness pamasamba.	Mouma mouma kwambiri komanso kusowa chinyontho choyenera.	Onjezani pafupipafupi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kuyika soso ndi madzi pafupi ndi chomera.
Masamba otutuka	Kuwonetsedwa ndi dzuwa. Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet kumakhudza catharanthus, chifukwa chake mbewuyo imataya mphamvu ndikufa.	Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Tsamba loonda limawonekera pachomera. Tsamba limafooka ndi kuzimiririka. Tizilombo: kangaude.	Madera ouma ndi otentha ndi abwino kuti tizilombo tiziwoneka. Spider nthata kufalitsa matenda, chifukwa chomwe mbewu imafa pamaso.	Kusintha ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ("Akarin", "Bitoksibacillin" ndi ena), kupopera mafuta nthawi zonse. Kuchita prophylaxis, kuchiza chitsamba ndi yankho la sokosi
Kutha kwa maluwa ndi masamba owonda.	Mphika wa catharanthus ndi wocheperako; muzu wake ulibe malo oti ukule.	Ikani chomera mchombo chozama.

A Dachnik achenjeza: cataractus ndi chomera chothandiza komanso chowopsa

Mphukira zapansi pamtunda wa pinki wa cataractus amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opangira, masamba - popanga mankhwala amakonzekera. Zomera zimakololedwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe (Ogasiti-Seputembala), chifukwa maluwa amatuluka pachitsamba panthawiyi, ndipo michere yonse imadziunjikira tsinde ndi masamba. Amadulidwa ndikuwuma pa kutentha pafupifupi +50 ° C (m'malo owumitsa moto apadera). Catharanthus amatha kusunga zochiritsa zaka zitatu, pambuyo pake zimakhala zopanda ntchito.

Ndi mwambo kugwiritsa ntchito shrub ngati antibacterial, antitumor, antihypertensive wothandizira. Tincture kuchokera kwa iwo umathandizira ndi matenda ashuga, ma fibro, endometriosis, kusabereka ngakhale ma hemorrhoids. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndimafuta a pinki catharanthus ndi seramu potengera izi, omwe amalimbana ndi matenda a mafangasi, zilonda zam'mimba ndi matenda ena amkhungu. M'mayiko ena, ngakhale scurvy amathandizidwa ndi izi.