Momwe mungathane ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pamitengo yazipatso

Momwe mungathanirane ndi ma aphid pamitengo yazipatso, muyenera kudziwa wolima ndi wamaluwa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala tating'ono. Ndikosavuta kuwona, koma mawonekedwe awowonongeka awonetsa malo osasangalatsa. Akatswiri apanga njira zingapo zothandiza zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pokhalira kubzala.

About njira zolimbana

Kusunga mundawo wathanzi popanda maluso ndi kudziwa kumakhala kovuta. Kuopsa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndikuti chiphuphuchi ndizovuta kuzindikira, njira yake yoberekera imathamanga. Wosamalira mundawo ayenera kutsatira malamulo aukadaulo aulimi ndi kupewa mu zovuta. Ayenera kukumbukira momwe angapangire mitengo kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba kuti aletse mawonekedwe ake ndi mapangidwe a magulu.

Munda wabwino umabweretsa zokolola zambiri

Pali makonzedwe osiyanasiyana pokonzera mbewu:

• Zachilengedwe - zochokera pakupanga dothi la bowa (aversectin): Fitoverm, Aktofit, Akarin;
• Chemical - kukonza sikwachilendo. Chowonadi: Kutalika: Fufanon, Karbofos;
• Anthu - chithandizo ndi kuphatikizika kwa mitengo m'chaka kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda ndizothandiza kwambiri. Kuthira mankhwalawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: madzi wamba opanda zowonjezera, sopo-sopo kapena sopo. Infusions - fodya, phulusa, kuchokera mandimu a mandimu.

Musanagwiritse ntchito ichi kapena chida chimenecho, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa tizirombo, komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikukula msanga

Kodi wowopsa m'munda ndi chiani?

Nkhondo yabwino yolimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pa zipatso zazing'ono kapena zazikulu m'munda zimathandizira kukhala ndi ziwonetsero zamaumoyo ndikuwonjezera zipatso. Kukumana ndi kupezeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba mpaka 90% ya anthu. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa chifukwa chake kuli koopsa. Choyambirira kukumbukira ndichakuti kukula kwa kachiromboka ndi kakang'ono kwambiri kuti kawonedwe ndi diso lamaliseche. Kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi mitengo. Kukula kwa anthu kumawonjezeka 0,3 mm; ena amafikira 0.5 mm. Nthawi zambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba ndizoposa 7 mm. Tizilombo touluka timamera mwachangu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, njira zopewera ndi kupewa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu.

Kukula mwachangu kwa njuchi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa nsabwe kusuntha - tizilombo tili ndi mapiko, omwe amawalola kuti athe kuwuluka kumitengo ina. Chithandizo cham'munda chikuyenera kukhala chokwanira. Muyenera kuchita chilichonse pamitengo ndi mbewu zonse moyandikana nazo, monga nsabwe za m'masamba zimayendayenda pofunafuna malo abwino okhala. Anthu opanda ndege amathanso kuyambitsa matenda m'masamba ndi zipatso zam'minda. Kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitika:

• mitengo;
• tchire lokongoletsera;
• maluwa
• shrub ya zipatso
• kubzala zokongoletsera - mitengo yaying'ono, creepers;
• mbewu zamasamba.

Amasiya Choyamba

Chowonjezera ndichofunikira pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa phid. Mothandizidwa ndi phenoscis, kachilomboka kamaboola minyewa yofewa yamasamba kapena masamba. Zitatha izi, mbewuyo imasokoneza kagayidwe kazakudya, kupezeka kwa ma amino acid kumalo owonongeka kumatha. Zotsatira zake, gawo la mbewu kapena tsamba silimera ndi kuwuma.

Mowoneka, ndikosavuta kuzindikira kuti kubzala kudawonongeka ndi kachilombo. Mlimiyo amatha kuwona pamasamba:

• kugwa koyambirira kwamasamba (izi sizichitika mozungulira kapena mozungulira oyandikana nawo);
• pepala lasintha: m'mphepete mwake mumakhala mdima ,uma;
• ngati aphid awonongeka osati mitengo yazipatso, koma ndi malo obisalapo, ndiye kuti mapiko awo ali opunduka;
• pamtengo, pamakhala kutulutsa kwakatikati kosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake;
• masamba ndi mazira amagwa.

Zotsatira zake, chizindikiro cha zokolola chimachepa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimawonedwa momwe kukula konse kwa chitsamba kapena mtengo wazipatso kumachepera.

Aphid imasiya zinyalala pamasamba kapena thunthu la mtengo womwe umakhala ndi zinthu zotsekemera. Plaque amatchedwa mame a uchi. Zotsatira zake, njira zachilengedwe za photosynthesis zimasokonekera. Mafangayi amafalikira pamtengo wa masamba. Kuopsa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kumayambiranso kutulutsa matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amayambitsa matenda, komwe kumapangitsa kufooka ndi kufa kwa tchire, mitengo ndi mitengo ina yazikhalidwe. Kusamalira mbewu kwakanthawi komanso koyenera kumatha kuletsa vutoli. Chitetezo chowonjezera chidzakhala kukhazikitsa njira zodzitetezera ndi kuwonongedwa kwa magawo. Njira zamankhwala, zodwala ndi wowerengeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe amachita.

Momwe mungagwiritsire mitengo kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba

Ngati pali zokayikitsa kuti aphid yakhazikika pamitengo, momwe angamenyere ndi zoyenera kuchita, wolimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa. Kwa chithandizo chachikulu komanso monga othandizira, prophylactic, wowerengeka, pakukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira zamakina zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Njira iliyonse imakhala ndi zopindulitsa, chifukwa chake zovuta zimalimbikitsidwa.

Zithandizo za anthu a mafupa a nsabwe za m'masamba

Chitetezo chikugwirira ntchito chimafunikira kuti mtengowo ukhale pamagawo osiyanasiyana okukula. Masaluwa kapena masamba atayamba kuonekera, kuukira kwa aphid kumafooketsa mtengowo. Kuchepa mu zokolola ndi imodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa matendawa.

Zithandizo za anthu:

• mankhwalawa infusions pa zitsamba;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi phula;
• mitengo yoyera (yoyera ikhoza kukhala yophukira ndi yophukira);
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa (ndi ammonia, shampu, madzi a sopo).

Kuthandizira pa nthawi yake kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa aphid koloni kapena kupewa mapangidwe ake. Urea ndi ammonia (zothetsera zitsamba) zimayenda bwino.

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tina

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa azitsamba monga zowonjezera kapena pa siteji ya kupewa. Imagwira pang'onopang'ono pamtengowo, imalimbikitsa kudziletsa, koma sikuti nthawi zonse imachotsa gwero la zotupa. Mwa othandiza kwambiri:

• Madzi ndi adyo - 5 malita a madzi ndi 50 g wa akanadulidwa watsopano adyo. Mafuta ofunikira amachepetsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndikuteteza pamtunda kuti asapangidwe;
• Kulowetsedwa ndi fodya (0,5 l yamadzi ndi 100 g wa fodya wouma);
• Kulowetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito celandine, nsonga za mbatata ndi tomato (mbewu ziyenera kumwedwa chimodzimodzi).

Kumwaza kumachitika mu nthawi ya chisamaliro cha chisamaliro, pomwe zingwe za impso sizinafike, nthawi yotentha (June).

Njira zamankhwala zoteteza mundawo ku nsabwe za m'masamba

Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo angapo:

• koyambirira kwamasika (chipale chofewa chikasungunuka);
• atatupa kwa impso (impso sayenera kutsegula kwathunthu).

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amagawidwa kukhala:

• zokhudza zonse - kuthirira mbewu ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kubwereza pambuyo masiku 14;
• kukhudzana - kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa;
• matumbo - amakhala ndi njira yolowerera.

Aliyense wa mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo. Zitsanzo za ndalama - Confidor, Fufan, BI - 58.

Kusuntha kwa panthawi yake kwa mitengo kuchimake ku tizirombo ndi matenda kumachitika mwa njira yotchulidwa - mankhwala. Zitsanzo ndi Thunder, Provotox. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumaphatikizapo chithandizo chomera, mogwirizana ndi malangizo a chida china. Kutsimikizika kumafika masiku 20.

Njira zachilengedwe

Awa ndi njira polimbana ndi tizilombo tomwe timalumikiza kulumikizana ndi adani achilengedwe. Nthawi zina kungokonza sikokwanira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chokwanira. Mwa njira zoteteza:

• kubzala tansy (kumakopa ma ladybugs, omwe ndi adani achilengedwe a aphid);
• kugwiritsa ntchito nyerere zofiira kuwongolera zakuda zomwe zimakhala zonyamula mphutsi za tizirombo;
• kubzala elderberry, adyo, horseradish, chowawa kapena mpiru pafupi ndi mitengo yazipatso ndi tchire - nsabwe za m'masamba sizilola kuti kununkhidwe ku mbewu izi.

Njira zachilengedwe zimaphatikizira kupopera mbewu ndi phulusa.

Malo oyandikana nawo amalimbikitsa chitetezo chakufikira

Njira zoyeserera

Njira yodziwika yothanirana ndi tizirombo ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyenda mwamphamvu. Mtsinjewo ukutha kutsuka ngongoleyo ndi mame a uchi omwe udasiyidwa nawo. Tepi ya ntchentche imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza nsabwe za m'masamba.

Kuti mutetezedwe mwachangu komanso motsimikizika, lamba losaka aphid limayikidwa. Chipangizocho chitha kugulidwa okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kupanga ndi manja anu. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito msampha: nsalu, mapepala, makatoni. Kukula kwa chingwe ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Amayikidwa pa thunthu la mitengo kumayambiriro kwamasika (asadadzuke). Imakhala ngati chotchinga ndipo simalola nsabwe za m'mimba kupanga koloni.

Kusanthula mitengo mu April kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda

Mlimiyo ayenera kudziwa momwe angatetezere ndi kuteteza mitengo ku nyerere, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tina. Kumwaza mankhwalawa komanso chithandizo chanthawi yake kumachepetsa mwayi wamatenda. Kuti ziwonekere bwino, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuonedwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa komanso kukonza pakanthawi kochepa.

Kodi kuchitira mitengo ya tizirombo mu April

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe mutha kuthira kumayambiriro kwa masika. Ngati mankhwala asankhidwa, ndiye kuti nthawiyo masamba ayenera kusankhidwa masamba asanaphuke kapena atakolola. Ngati mankhwala achibadwa kapena wowerengeka asankhidwa, mankhwalawa amachitika m'magawo angapo.

Kumwaza mankhwala ndi kuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe kumachitidwa:

• pa nthawi ya maluwa;
• pa maluwa;
• nthawi yopanga thumba losunga mazira.

Kuposa kupopera mitengo yazipatso mchaka

Nthawi yoyambirira (koyambirira kwamasika) imaphatikizapo kuchiritsa mitengo yazipatso ndi yankho la laimu ndi sulfure wamkuwa. Kulowetsedwa kwa Bordeaux kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa mkuwa sulfate ndi chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda, tizirombo ndi bowa. Njira yothira mankhwalawa ndiothandiza, koma iyenera kuchitika m'njira zingapo:

• Pamaso pa impso;
• panthawi yotsegulira impso (3% yankho imagwiritsidwa ntchito);
• nthawi yakula (1% yankho).

Njira yokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito imakhala ndi kuwala kwa buluu, pang'ono acid acid. Ngati mthunziwo ndiwobiliwira, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe ake sioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zopangira zitsulo (Fe) kapena sopo ochapira siziyeneranso kuwonjezeredwa. Amatha kuyambitsa zosafunika zambiri zamchere zamchere m'nthaka.

Pofuna kuteteza dimba ndi mitengo ya zipatso pamene nsabwe za m'masamba zayamba kale, mankhwala othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyang'ana ndipo amatsimikiziridwa kuti athetsa tizirombo. Zitsanzo za ndalama - Fitoferm, Aktara.

Ntchito yokonza

Njira zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa aphid colony:

• ndikutchetcha udzu pafupi ndi mitengo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira;
• kuchotsedwa kwa anthill;
• mitengo yozungulira yoyala komanso pansi pa zitsamba.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kuyang'anira thanzi la mitengo yobzala - pa odwala ndi ofowoka mitengo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimapanga magulu mosachedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa ndi laimu m'nthaka kudzathandiza kuti masasamba apezeke michere yokwanira.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo touluka? Zomera zosankhidwa bwino - oyandikana nawo azithandizira kuteteza zipatso. Masamba sakonda fungo lamankhwala osakanikirana, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala katsabola kapena anyezi. Mitengo ya coriander ndi apulo ndi njira yabwino yoyandikana ndi ena. Mabedi okhala ndi anyezi kapena adyo pafupi ndi malo ocheperako amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa chakupezeka kwa fungo labwino.

Momwe mungatetezere mitengo kwa nyerere

Panthawi yake, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito yokhudzana ndi chitetezo ku nyerere. Amayambitsa matenda omwe amafooketsa mitengo. Monga njira yoyenera yogwiritsa ntchito:

• chotupa choteteza;
• guluu;
• lamba wosaka.

Guluu kuchokera ku nyerere pam mitengo

Kuphatikizikako kumayikidwa pa mbiya. Simalola kuti tizilombo tizidzutse. Zotsatira zake, kuthekera kwa mphutsi kufikira madera oyenera chitukuko (masamba a masamba) kumachepa. Kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitika m'chaka.

Kusaka malamba kwa nyerere pam mitengo yazipatso

Muyenera kudziwa osati nthawi yokhayo yopopera mitengo, komanso momwe mungazitetezere ku chiwopsezo cha nyerere. Izi zimathandiza lamba wokasaka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumata ndi kutsika, kusintha nyengo iliyonse. Mutha kupanga chulu - msampha kuti nyerere zisatuluke ndikuwononga thunthu.

Kuchepetsa thunthu - chitetezo chokwanira

Momwe mungayeretse mitengo mu April

Mpaka nthawi yamaluwa, muyenera kupukutira mitengo ikuluikulu ndi magawo a tchire. Wamaluwa ayenera kudziwa komwe angayambire kukonza kuti akwaniritse bwino. Muyenera kuyambira pansi. Nthawi yabwino ndi yophukira. Nthawi imeneyi, ndikosavuta kuthetsa tizirombo ndi spores za bowa. Pre-chithandizo cha thunthu kuchokera ku khungwa lakale ndikuchiritsa zowonongeka ndi munda var. Pantchito, yankho limagwiritsidwa ntchito - malita 10 amadzi ndi 2 kg ya hydrate laimu.