Asparagus - chisamaliro cha kunyumba ndi kubereka

Ena okonda mbewu zamkati ali ndi funso: Kodi katsitsumzukwa ndi chiyani? Amatchedwa katsitsumzukwa, monga duwa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la banja la Asparagus. Mokwanira pali mitundu 300. Zomera sizifunikira chisamaliro chosamalitsa, chomwe adapeza kuti azimvera maluwa. Kudziwa zomwe kusamalidwa kwa katsitsumzukwa kumafunikira kunyumba, mutha kuzipanga kukhala zachilendo zokongoletsera. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti katsitsumzukwa ndi chiyani, kuisamalira, komanso momwe mbewuyo imachulukana.

Zambiri

Duwa la Asparagus ndi chomera chamuyaya chomwe chimawoneka ngati zitsamba kapena mphukira zomwe zimamera pansi. Kutalika kwa timitengo titha kutalika kuchokera pa 120 mpaka 160. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira, ofewa kukhudza, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mtengo wa Khrisimasi.

Asparagus - duwa losazindikira lomwe limamera kunyumba kapena m'munda

Zomera zimatchedwa mosiyanasiyana: katsitsumzukwa kapena katsitsumzukwa. Awa ndi maimelo, koma dzina loyamba limakonda kutanthauza masamba omwe adalimidwa m'mundamo, ndipo lachiwiri limatanthauzira chomera.

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yazomera zobzala kunyumba zimachokera ku South Africa, komwe kumakhala kulekanitsa bwino kwa nyengo yanthawi. Pachifukwa ichi, duwa siligwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha pang'ono komanso kutsika kwamadzi othirira nthawi yozizira. Mitundu ina imataya mbali yakumwambayi kuti iphukitse.

Kutchire, katsitsumzukwa wa mchiberekero amapezeka ku Europe ndi India.

Monga chomera, nyumba za piramidi ndi za cirrus zimakonda kubzala. Woyamba mawonekedwe akufanana ndi juniper. Ndizoyenera kuyang'ana m'nyumba komanso muofesi.

Duwa la cirrus limakhala ndi masamba owonda komanso ofupika omwe ali ofanana ndi masikelo ang'ono. Dzina lina la setaceus katsitsumzukwa ndi loboti la cyst.

Cirrus katsitsumzukwa ndi ofanana ndi juniper

Kubzala kudayamba kuphuka, muyenera kuchita khama. Ngati maluwa ayamba, kupukutira mwaumboni kungachitike. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito burashi yofewa kutenga mungu pa duwa limodzi ndikuusintha kwina. Zotsatira zake, zipatso zimawoneka ngati zipatso zofiira.

Ntchito Yophika

Mphukira zazing'ono za katsitsumzukwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika. Amatha kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera, yofiirira, yapinki kapena yobiriwira. Chikhalidwe chamasamba chimabweretsa zabwino zambiri, chili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira zomwe zimapezeka, folic acid, selenium, choline, nicotinic acid, mavitamini a magulu C, K, E, A, B.

Asparagus ndi gawo la maphikidwe ambiri

Pophika, tengani mphukira zazing'ono. Ndi iwo, mutha kuchita zoseweretsa zilizonse zaphokoso: kusunga, kuphika, mwachangu, mphodza, kuphika. Asparagus ndiabwino kwambiri kuphika mbale zam'mbali, zophika, ndi zokometsera. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi nyama, masewera, nkhuku, nsomba ndi nsomba zam'nyanja.

Zosamalidwa

Ngati mumasamalira bwino katsitsumzukwa m'nyumba, kudzakondweretsa diso ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Kuti mupeze chomera chabwino komanso chokongola, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha koyenera, kuwala, chinyezi, kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yoyenera ndikovala pamwamba.

Njira yotentha

Kusamalira katsitsumzukwa sikuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, koma simungathe kuisunga kwakanthawi. Kutentha kolondola kumachokera ku 22 mpaka 24 degrees. Ngati nthawi yozizira chipinda chomwe nyumbayo ili pamwamba madigiri 15, masamba ake amayamba kugwa. Pakachitika vuto lotere, mphukira zouma ziyenera kudulidwa.

Kuwala

Kwa katsitsumzukwa, chisamaliro chimatanthawuza kupezeka kwa kuwala kwakukulu, koma kuwunika mwachindunji sikuyenera kugwa papepala. Ngati pali duwa pokhapokha kum'mwera kwa chipindacho, ikani pang'ono kuchokera pazenera. M'chilimwe, mmera umatha kuyikidwa kunja, koma kunja kwa dzuwa masana, kukonzekera ndi mpweya.

Kuthirira

Kutsirira mbewu sikuyenera kuthandizidwa pambuyo pa manja. Asparagus simalola kuti pakhale chonyowa kapena nthaka youma. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kusankha malo apakati: dothi lapamwamba liyenera kuuma, dziko lonse lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa.

Panthawi yogwira ntchito (masika ndi chilimwe), kuthirira nthawi zonse kuyenera kuperekedwa, chifukwa chomwe nthaka siyidzaloledwa kupukuta.

Kuthirira maluwa sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa

M'nyengo yozizira, pafupipafupi madzi opatsirana amayenera kuchepetsedwa. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda kuti anyowe. Nthawi zina, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito kuthirira kotsika (madzi amayenda kudzera mu thireyi).

Kuwaza

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi zinthu zofunikira ndikofunikira pakukula kwa mbewu. Pojambula bwino korona wamaluwa, yankho la kukonzekera kotchedwa Bud ndiloyenera. Chochita chimadziwitsidwa motere: 1 g pa 1 lita.

Pa nthawi yakuthira, katsitsumzukwa amafufuzidwa ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono. Izi ndizofunikira kuti chomera chilandire chokwanira ndipo sichitha.

Chinyezi

Mukakulitsa katsabola wa chipinda, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mpweya pafupipafupi ndi kupopera. Nthawi yabwino ya izi ndi m'mawa kapena m'mawa kwambiri (dzuwa lisanalowe). Chinyezi chikuchulukitsidwa osati ndi mfuti yonyowa. Sphagnum yosungunuka kapena dongo lokulitsidwa limatsanulidwa mu poto. Mphika wa mbewu umayikidwa pamwamba pake.

Dothi

Sankhani mosamala kapangidwe ka dziko lapansi monga chomera cha katsitsumzukwa sikofunikira. Pakubzala ndikuyika, dothi losakanizika ndi ferns kapena pang'ono nthaka yachilengedwe ndi yoyenera. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa chinyontho, mchenga wowuma umawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza omwe agulidwa kale.

Kuti maluwa athe bwino, gawo lapansi lokonzekera bwino ndilabwino. Ndiosavuta kuchita nokha. Sakanizani gawo limodzi la humus, turf ndi dothi lamasamba ndi theka la kuchuluka kwa mchenga wouma (1 * 1 * 1 * 0.5). Pofuna kupewa kusayenda mumizu yamadzi, ngalande imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imayenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphika wonsewo. Sakanizo limagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zosweka, mipira ya polystyrene, timiyala ting'onoting'ono kapena shards.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Pamaso kukula katsitsumzukwa kunyumba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mbewuyo imayenera kudyetsedwa kwa chaka chimodzi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika nthawi zambiri: nthawi 1 mu masiku 28-30, mu nthawi 1 mu masiku 14, nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe - kamodzi masiku 7. Ma feteleza okonzedwa opangidwa ndi zakusankhidwa amasankhidwa, omwe angagulidwe ku malo aliwonse ogulitsa. Amasinthidwa ndi kavalidwe kapamwamba.

Zomera zimadyedwa pafupipafupi

Osakaniza ayenera kufooka mozama. Zochulukirapo sizipindulitsa mbewu.

M'nthawi yachisanu

M'nyengo yozizira, maluwa a katsitsumzukwa safuna chipinda chofunda kwambiri. Kutentha kwakutali kwa mpweya kuyenera kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 16 madigiri. Chomera chimakhala choyipa kwambiri pakuwonjezera kutentha.

Kuthirira nthawi yotentha kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi. Njirayi siyofunikira ngati duwa limasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira.

Kudulira

Kudulira kokhazikika sikofunikira kuti korona apangidwe. Mukadula nthambi yathanzi, imasiya kupindika ndipo imfa posachedwa. Kuchokera kudulira kumeneku kungovulaza. Ndi zitsamba zakale zokha komanso zachikasu zomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa. Mukamachita izi mukangodzala, chomera chimalandilidwa kuti ipange mphukira yaying'ono ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake.

Kubalana wa katsitsumzukwa

Kupanga matenda a katsitsumzukwa, njira zitatu ndi izi:

1. Kubzala mbewu;
2. Gawoli;
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito kudula.

Kuchokera kwa mbewu

Kukula katsitsumzukwa kuchokera ku mbewu ndikosavuta. Mutha kuwagula m'sitolo kapena kunyumba. Izi zidzafunika kupukutidwa. Bzalani mbeu mutakolola: Januware - Marichi.

Asparagus ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu

Chitani izi:

• mbewuyo imanyowa m'madzi kutentha kwa firiji kwa maola 48;
• kubzala mosabzala mbeu iliyonse mosakanikirana ndi peat ndi mchenga;
• kuphimba chidebe ndi galasi kapena polyethylene;
• chifukwa mini-greenhouse imawunikira ndi kuipitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi;
• mbande zizioneka pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mpaka nthawi imeneyi mbewu zisungidwe pamthunzi pakutentha madigiri 20 mpaka 22;
• mphukira zikaoneka, mutha kusunthira mbewu kumalo owunikiridwa kwambiri, koma osayatsidwa mwachindunji;
• mbewu zikangofika 10 cm kutalika, zimayenera kuzika mizu m'miphika yosiyana ndi gawo lapansi, pambuyo pake zimapereka chisamaliro chofanana ndi chomera chachikulire.

Gawoli

Kugawika kwa nthangala kungatchedwe njira yapamwamba yobwezeretsanso mbewu ndikufalitsa. Ndiosavuta komanso yosavuta kuphatikiza ndi kusamutsa:

1. Mpira wa duwa wagawika magawo angapo.
2. Pa mizu mizu imachotsedwa yomwe imayamba kuvunda.
3. Magawo pamizu owazidwa kaboni wophwanyika.
4. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kubzalidwa mumphika wosamalirana ndi kusamalira duwa chimodzimodzi ndi kufalikira kwofananira.

Kudula

Kuti katsitsumzukwa amatha kubereka mwanjira iyi, ndikofunikira kutenga mphukira zazing'ono zokha zomwe zimafikira pafupifupi masentimita 15. Zinthu zatsopano za zodulidwa ziyenera kukonzedwa m'miyezi yoyamba ya masika.

Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitidwa:

• kubzala zodula chaka chathachi mumchenga wonyowa ndikuphimba ndi polyethylene;
• zotengera zokutira zimayikidwa pamalo owala, kutentha kwake komwe sikuyenera kukhala kwapamwamba kuposa madigiri 21;
• Nthawi ndi nthawi amalandila wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino ndi kupukutidwa;
• Mizu yozizira imachitika pafupifupi mwezi umodzi;
• zitatha izi, mbewuzo zibzalidwe m'nthaka.

Chomera chimatha kufalitsidwa m'njira zingapo. Aliyense amasankha njira yomwe ingakhale yoyenera.

Mavuto omwe akukula

Mosamala ndi chomera, zovuta zambiri zimatha:

1. Zimayambira zinasiya kumera mutadulira. Mtengowo umakhala ndi mbali yomwe masamba owombera amaletsa kukula kwawo.
2. Kugwa kwa masamba. Vutoli limatha kuchitika chifukwa chodziwonetsa mwachindunji masamba a dzuwa kapena chifukwa chouma. Malo akuda kwambiri amathanso kubwezera mbewu.
3. Maonekedwe a mawanga pa masamba. Chomera chimakhala chosavomerezeka poyang'ana dzuwa. Ndi chifukwa chake kuti mawanga ang'onoang'ono amatha kuwoneka pamasamba, omwe amawotcha dzuwa. Chifukwa cha dzuwa lowala, chikaso cha m'mphepete mwa tsamba lililonse chimatha kuwonedwa.
4. Tizilombo. Nthawi zina katsitsumzukwa amatha kuukira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthawi zambiri, mbewuyi imagwidwa ndi kangaude. Akatswiri salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, chifukwa duwa limawakomera. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina, zomwe sizingakhale zothandiza kuposa chemistry.

Nthawi zambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa amakhala ndi funso: chifukwa chiyani katsitsumzukwa amatembenukira chikasu ndikuwonetsa zochita.

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo:

• nthaka yowuma bwino;
• chinyezi chochepa m'chipindacho;
• kuthirira kwambiri;
• kusowa kwa kuwala kapena kuchuluka kwake;
• kudzaza mphika ndi mizu;
• kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho.

Ngati mbewuyo ikuyamba kuwoneka ngati yodwala, muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo: sinthani maulamuliro, ikani poto pamalo osachepera, kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa chinyezi.

Nthawi zambiri, duwa limatsutsana ndi kangaude

Asparagus ndi chomera chosalemera, koma ngakhale chimafunikira chisamaliro. Mitundu ina ya maluwa imatha kudyedwa. Kuchokera ku katsitsumzukwa, zakudya zokoma zimapezeka zomwe zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi nyama ndi nsomba. Muofesi kapena kunyumba, chomera chimakhala chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri chipindacho.

Kanema