Jacobinia ndi masamba osatha ochokera ku South America. Chilungamo ndi gawo la banja la Akantov, omwe mitundu yake imadziwika ndi kukula mwachangu komanso mawonekedwe a shrubby.
Mitunduyi ndi yotchuka pakati pa okonda maluwa apanja chifukwa cha kukongola kwake.
Kufotokozera kwa Jacobin
Jacobinia amafika kutalika kwa 1.5 mita. Mizu yokhazikitsidwa mwachilungamo imaphatikizapo njira zazing'ono zambiri, phesi lobiriwira-lolunjika limakhala lowongoka, ndipo ma infode ofiira ndi owuma. Mphukira zambiri zimakhala ndi njira zina. Masamba obiriwira a Lanceolate amakula awiriawiri, ophimbidwa ndi mitsempha yaying'ono ndi ma tubercles. Maluwa amayimira ma inflorescence a tiered, kuphatikiza mizere ya pinki, yofiira, petals yoyera. Nthawi zambiri, masamba amatsegulidwa mu February-March kapena yophukira, kutengera mitundu.
Mitundu ya Jacobin kapena Chilungamo
Mitundu yachilungamo imaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kwake ndi mtundu wa maluwa.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa |
| Brandege | Imafika 80-100 cm. | 7 cm kutalika, wobiriwira ndi matte sheen, chowulungika mawonekedwe. | Choyera, chokhala ndi mabatani achikasu. Maluwa mosiyanasiyana, inflorescence ndi 10 cm. |
| Nyama yofiyira | Shrub 70-150 cm. | 15-20 masentimita, wavy, wopendekera. | Chachikulu, pinki kapena chofiira. Adaluka wofiirira. |
| Wachikasu | Msinkhu - 45 cm. | Ovoid wobiriwira wakuda, wokhala moyang'anizana. | Bifurcate wachikuda kumapeto. The inflorescence ndi wandiweyani. |
| Ivolistnaya | Mawonekedwe Ampelic. 50-80 cm. | 3 cm kutalika. White whisk wokhala ndi milomo yofiirira. | |
| Gizbrecht | 100-150 masentimita. Ma internodes amawonjezera, ndi tint yofiira. | 10-15 masentimita, ellipsoid, achikopa. | Wofiyira owala, wokongoletsa. Corolla - 4 cm. |
| Rizzini | 40-60 masentimita. Nthambi zamphukira. | Kutalika kwa 7 cm, 2.5 cm mulifupi. | 2 cm. Wotchi yofiirira. Chibuba cha corolla ndi chosadetsa. |
| Tsamba la nkhumba | 120-150 masentimita. Pafupifupi panthambi. | Yolembedwa kumapeto, kolimba. | 4-6 masentimita, ofiira ofiira. Ma inflorescences ndi apical. |
| Carthage | Ampelic shrub 100 cm kutalika. | 3-5 masentimita .. Obiriwira obiriwira, osanjidwa bwino. | Utoto yaying'ono, yoyera yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiirira. Maso achikasu achikasu. |
Home Jacobin Care
Pakukula kwabwino kwa Jacobin, chisamaliro choyenera chimafunika, zomwe zimatengera nthawi ya chaka.
| Choyimira | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Malo | Pitani kukhonde, ku greenhouse, munda kapena malo ena otseguka. Tetezani ku mvula yamkuntho, mphepo yamphamvu. | Ikani mphikawo kumbali yakum'mawa kapena chakumadzulo. Pewani zolemba. |
| Kuwala | Phimbani ndi nsalu yopyapyala dzuwa lokha masana. Maluwa amaletsa kuyanjana ndi cheza chachindunji, kotero popanda chifukwa chosafunikira sayenera kuchita mthunzi. | Wonjezerani masana masana ndi fitolamp. Ngati kusowa kwa dzuwa kumakhudza duwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fluorescent. |
| Kutentha | + 23 ... +28 ° С. Kusintha mwadzidzidzi ndikosayenera. | + 12 ... +17 ° С. Imanyamula mpaka +7 ° C. Kutentha kukakhala kochepa, chilungamo chidzafa. |
| Chinyezi | Kuposa 80%, kutsanulira osachepera katatu tsiku lililonse. | 60-70 %. |
| Kuthirira | Zambiri. Makamaka nyengo yotentha, yokhala ndi madzi ofunda, osakhazikika pansi. | Ngati kutentha sikumatsika, musachepetse. Mukatsitsa, chepetsani. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Mineral, organic feteleza osapitirira 1 nthawi m'masiku 13. | Nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito. |
| Kudulira | Mu nthawi yophukira, dulani mphukira mpaka kukula kwake, ndikusiya ma 3 internodes kuti mbewuyo isasiye kutulutsa. | Osati kuchitidwa. |
Malamulo ndi zochenjera za kugulitsa mbewu
Jacobinia amakula mwachangu ndipo amafunika kuasinthidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Achichepere amafunika kuwaika kawiri pachaka (kasupe ndi chilimwe). Ngati mizu ikuwonetsedwa kuchokera kumabowo pansi pa mphika, ndiye nthawi yakukonzekera chomera chatsopano. Iyenera kukhala mainchesi 10 kutalika kuposa yoyamba ija kuti mizu imakhala momasuka. Gawo lapansi liyenera kukonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, humus, mchenga ndi kompositi. Dothi lophika litha kugulidwanso m'sitolo powonjezera perlite. Kuthana kumachitika m'magawo angapo:
- Phimbani pansi pa thankiyo yatsopano ndi dongo kapena timiyala zokulirapo, onjezani dothi pamwamba.
- Kupeza Jacobin, koyambirira (mphindi 30) kumadzi.
- Pamaso ndi mpeni wofufuzira, chotsani masentimita 1 pamizu iliyonse.
- Ikani mbewuyo mumphika wokonzedwa. Fesani dothi moyanjana ndikugwedeza chidebe katatu.
- Madzi, mthunzi kwa masiku atatu.
- Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, duwa limatha kubwezeretsedwa kumalo ake oyambira ndikuyambiranso chisamaliro wamba.
Kulimidwa kwa mbeu ndikudula ndikudula
Pofalitsa Jacobin, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri: kudula kapena mbewu.
Mbewu zachilungamo ndizochepa, zakuda mtundu. Kufesa nthawi: February-Epulo.
- Konzani zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi gawo lapansi kuphatikiza peat ndi mchenga.
- Thirirani pang'ono dothi, dzalani mbewu, yowazidwa ndi dothi.
- Phimbani ndi polyethylene kapena filimu kuchokera kumwamba, ndikupanga malo obiriwira.
- Ikani malo abwino.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira + 22 ... +25 ° С.
- Madzi m'mene nthaka imuma, osaposa nthawi 1 patsiku.
- Kutengera ndi mikhalidwe yonse, zikumera ziyenera kuwonekera masiku 5-7.
- Masamba 3-4 akaonekera, ndikulowetsani Jacobin mumphika wokhazikika.
Njira yachiwiri yothandiza kwambiri komanso yachangu kwambiri ndiyochaka masika:
- Konzani gawo lapansi potengera humus ndi peat.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wofufuzira, dulani mphukira za apical kapena zam'mbuyo.
- Zowonjezera ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 8 cm, zokhala ndi ma 2 internode.
- Ikani zodula muzotengera osiyana, sungani kutentha + 18 ... +22 ° С.
- Chilungamo chikapanga mizu (masabata 2-3), chimamera mumphika wokhazikika.
Tizilombo komanso zovuta za chilungamo
Mukukula, Jacobinia amatha kugwidwa ndi tizilombo komanso matenda:
| Zizindikiro | Chifukwa | Njira kukonza |
| Masamba amasanduka achikasu. | Jacobinia akusowa michere, kuwala, dothi lonyowa kwambiri. | Chepetsani kuthirira kwa nthawi 1 m'masiku 4, onjezerani kuyatsa pogwiritsa ntchito fitolamp. |
| Broker amakhala wakuda ndi kuvunda. | Mukathirira, madzi ambiri amasungidwa pa iwo. | Pukuta mansalu ndi nsalu youma. |
| Zolemba zoyera zoyera papepala. | Chesa | Pindani kapena sinthani kuchokera pakuwala ndikuwonjezera kupopera kwake. |
| Pafupipafupi mumakhala tizilombo tambiri tambiri tambiri, tambiri tambiri tosiyanasiyana. Osakula. | Mealybug. | Chotsani sera ndi sera m'mayikidwe, utsi wa bulb ndi njira yothetsera mowa. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito Actellik, Calypso. |
| Cavities pa tsamba lamasamba ndi tsinde, niknet, mphukira ndi zikumera zimafa. | Chotchinga. | Thirani mbewuyo ndi sopo kapena ndimu yothira madzi, madzi ambiri. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito Permethrin, Bi 58, Phosphamide, Methyl mercaptophos. |
| Masamba amagwa. | Kupanda chinyezi. | Onjezerani chinyezi ndikuwonjezera kuthirira. Onetsetsani kuti gawo lapansi silikuuma. |
| Zomera zazing'ono zobiriwira pamasamba ndi mphukira, Jacobinum ikutha kukula. | Ma nsabwe. | Kuchulukitsa kuthirira ndi chinyezi. Gwiritsani Intavir, Actofit. |
| Agulugufe oyera ochepa kwambiri amawonekera mu duwa lokha. | Whitefly | Gwiritsani ntchito Fitoverm kapena Actellik kawiri pa sabata. Kuzungulira Jacobin ikani misampha ndi madzi. |
| Burgundy kapena malalanje mozungulira pamasamba, amakhala ndi khunyu loyera paliponse pazomera. | Spider mite. | Utsi kamodzi kawiri m'mabakha mpaka zizindikiro zitasowa. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala Neoron, Omayt, Fitoverm. |
