Strawberries ndi ena mwa zipatso zambiri. Ananasapule sitiroberi adachokera ku mawu achilatini akuti "ananassa", omwe amatanthauzira kutanthauza "sitiroberi wamunda". Mavitaminiwa alibe chochita ndi chinanazi.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kulima sitiroberi (sitiroberi) chinanazi, kufotokoza mitundu ndi zithunzi.
Malingaliro a chinanazi Strawberry
Mtundu uwu wa sitiroberi uli ndi chitsamba cholimba poyerekeza ndi "achibale" ena, omwe ali ndi masamba ambiri a masamba omwe ali pa petioles. Masambawa ali ndi tsitsi lolunjika, ayendetsa m'mphepete mwa mbalizo ndipo amawoneka bwino.
Maluwa osiyanasiyana a chinanazi strawberries ndi aakulu, pafupifupi 2 masentimita awiri. Iwo ali ndi petali zisanu za mtundu woyera ndi stamens zambiri ndi pistils. Maluwa ali pa pedicel 3-5 masentimita yaitali.
Chomeracho chimakula kwambiri, zipatso zimatha kulemera kwa 50-70 g. Zili ndi mitundu yosiyana - kuyambira zoyera mpaka zofiira. Kukoma kwa chipatso kumakhala kokoma ndi kowawa ndi khalidwe la sitiroberi.
Mukudziwa? Mu 1983 ku England chiwerengero cha kulemera kwa zipatso za sitiroberi chinaikidwa - 231 magalamu.
Tekeni yamakono
Musanayambe sitiroberi chinanazi strawberries, muyenera kusankha mbande zabwino ndikusankha malo obzala.
Kodi kusankha mbande
Posankha mbande, muyenera kumvetsera zinthu zina:
- liyenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera atatu pa petioles;
- Ngati mbande zimagulitsidwa ndi mizu yotseguka, iyenera kukhala yofiira ndipo imakhala ndi mizu ya 7-10 cm;
- Pogulitsa mbande mu miphika, nkofunikira kuti adziwe bwino nthaka m'dekha. Mu mphika wa peat, mizu iyenera kutuluka pakhoma;
- Ndizosafunika kugula kwambiri zowonjezera zomera ndi masamba otumbululuka. Mbewu zotere sizingatheke;
Zolinga za kukula kwa strawberries ndi zosavuta komanso zomveka, koma pali zizindikiro za kukula kwa sitiroberi mitundu Zeng Zengana, Maxim, Chamora Turusi, Kimberley, Fresco, Elsanta, Malvina, Marshal, Russian, Albion, Queen Elizabeth, Elizaveta-2, Gigantella.
- mbande sayenera kukhala lethargic;
- ngati masamba atha, ndiye chizindikiro cha sitiroberi mite. Chinthu choterocho ndibwino kuti asagule;
- Ngati pali madontho pamasamba, ndibwino kukana mbande zotere, chifukwa izi ndi zotsatira za matenda a fungus;
- Ndi bwino kugula katundu kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe akhala akuchita bizinesiyi kwa nthawi yaitali. Amayamikira mbiri yawo, ndipo amafuna kukhala ndi makasitomala nthawi zonse, amagulitsa mbande zabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Pafupi chirichonse chokhudzana ndi mtsogolo sitiroberi kukula ndi kukolola kumadalira kusankha kwa mbande.
Nthawi komanso kumene kudzala mabulosi
Mukhoza kubzala strawberries kumayambiriro kwa September kapena masika, nyengo ikangololeza (April-May). Kudyetsa kwadzukulu kudzalola kulolera ku chilimwe chotsatira.
Malo oti mutenge mbewuyi ayenera kukhala opanda mphepo, dzuwa ndi malo kumbali yakumwera-kumadzulo kwa malo. Eya, ngati mabedi adzalowera pang'ono paphiri kuti asapezeke madzi ochulukirapo.
Mafinya amatha kuwonjezeka m'madera otsetsereka, choncho udzuwu umakula bwino ndipo subala chipatso. Mananasi a strawberries sakulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale wamkulu m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zoposa zinayi. Zidzakula bwino pambuyo pa nyemba, mbewu ndi zina zamasamba. Izi chikhalidwe amakonda chernozem nthaka mitundu munali phulusa mu zikuchokera.
Ndondomeko yobzala kunja
Musanadzalemo, chodzala chiyenera kuchitidwa kwa masiku 2-3 m'malo osatentha. Ngati dothi silinali feteleza mu kugwa, m'pofunika kuwonjezera humus, phulusa kapena zitsime ku zitsime.
Mbande m'munda ukhoza kugawidwa mu mzere umodzi kapena njira imodzi. Mtunda wa pakati pa mbande ukhale 30 masentimita, pakati pa mizera - 60 masentimita, ndi pakati pa mizere - pafupifupi masentimita 40. Gawani tchire mu njira imodzi imodzi ndi chimodzimodzi, koma ndi kusiyana komwe mzerewu uli umodzi.
Strawberries ayenera kubzalidwa mozama kuti mizu isasinthe. Koma osati pafupi kwambiri - mizu ikhoza kuyuma kapena kufungatira pamene nthaka ikukhazikika. Khosi lazu liyenera kukhala pamtunda. Mphukira yamapiko sungakhoze kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
Ngati mizu yayitali, iyenera kudulidwa mpaka masentimita 10. Pambuyo pa mbande zitabzalidwa, nkofunika kuthirira madzi ochulukirapo. Kuti mupewe mapangidwe a kutumphuka, mutha kuzungulira dziko lapansi ndi humus.
Kodi kusamalira chinanazi strawberries
Kuti mukolole bwino muyenera kusamalira bwino chinanazi strawberries.
Kuyesera ndi kulima mabulosi okondedwa wotere kumatsogolera ku njira zosiyanasiyana - ndipo tsopano zimangophunzira ndikusankha mogwirizana ndi moyo wanu komanso mwayi - strawberries mu hydroponics, ampelous strawberries, m'mabedi ozungulira, mu wowonjezera kutentha, kunyumba.
Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka
Namsongole amachulukira mofulumira kuthengo, choncho nkofunika kuti muwachotse nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pakutha nthaka muyenera kumasulidwa.
Strawberries amathiridwa tsiku ndi tsiku ngati nyengo ili yotentha ndi youma. Kawirikawiri sizimaloledwa kuthirira madzi, chifukwa izi zingapangitse mabulosi a zowola, powdery mildew kapena matenda ena. Kuthirira ndibwino m'mawa. Pamene tchire sichimasamba, amamwetsa ndi kuwaza. Ndipo panthawi ya maluwa m'pofunikira kuthirira nthaka yokha, popanda kukhudza maluwa ndi zipatso. Madzi sayenera kukhala ozizira - osachepera 16 ° C.
Feteleza
Dyetsa strawberries amafunika katatu pachaka:
- feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yoyamba mu kasupe pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta kwa zipatso, monga nitrophoska;
- Panthawi yomwe masamba amangiriridwa, manyowa kachiwiri. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza - mullein, zitosi za mbalame, kuwonjezera phulusa la nkhuni;
- nthawi yachitatu amadyetsedwa nthawi ya maluwa. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito fetashi ndi feteleza phosphate.
Mulching
Pofuna kusunga mabedi, amakhala ndi udzu, udzu kapena singano. Ndibwino kuti mukulima strawberries pa mulch wapadera kanema. Chifukwa cha ichi, nthaka imakhala ndi chinyezi, ndipo udzu sulinso ndi mwayi woti umere.
Kuchiza ndi matenda
Zitsamba zotengedwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda kumapeto kwa mvula, musanayambe maluwa, pogwiritsa ntchito "Actofit", "Fitoverm".
Ndikofunikira! Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwira ntchito kutentha kutentha pamwamba pa 17 ° C.
Ngati kutentha kuli kochepa, mankhwala monga Taurus kapena Cezar angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kucheka ndevu ndi masamba
Kudulira tchire anachitidwa pambuyo fruiting. Masamba ndi ndevu ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi lumo kapena mitsetse kuti zisawononge mizu. Masamba odulidwa sangakhale pansi pazu. Siyani mapesi opanda lalifupi kuposa masentimita 10.
Masamba okha, owuma, owuma okha amachotsedwa. Mukachotsa zitsulo, muyenera kuchoka koyamba pamzere kuchokera ku chitsamba. Izi zachitika kuti mupitirize kubereka. Ngati strawberries sali kufalitsidwa ndi mphukira, ndiye kuti masewera onse amachotsedwa. 
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mabulosi m'nyengo yozizira?
Kukhazikika ndi kupalasa ndi kofunika kwambiri pa nyengo yozizira. M'dzinja ndi bwino kusameta udzu wa strawberries, momwe mungathe kuwonongera mizu - iwo sadzakhala ndi nthawi yobwezeretsa mpaka chisanu. Zitsamba ziyenera kuikidwa m'magulu angapo pogwiritsa ntchito udzu, nthambi zowuma, masamba kapena agrofibre. Ndi ichi, kutentha kwafunidwa ndi chinyezi zimasungidwa.
Mukudziwa? Strawberries ndi zipatso zabwino, koma amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Choncho, mukhoza kudya strawberries ngakhale matenda a shuga.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Mananasi sitiroberi ali ndi ubwino wambiri:
- Mtundu uwu ndi woyenera paulendo;
- ali ndi thupi lolimba ndi lokoma, osati madzi;
- lili ndi zakudya zambiri monga vitamini C, shuga, fructose;
- amagwiritsira ntchito adjuvant pofuna kuchiza gout, zilonda za m'mimba, matenda a atherosclerosis ndi matenda a mtima;
- Mutha kudya zipatso zatsopano ndikupanga kupanikizana.
Mananasi sitiroberi ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe imapezeka m'nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira. Kupatula nthawi yochuluka yosamalira ndi kulima sikufunika.
