Epiphyllum ndi maluwa abwino osatha ochokera ku banja la nkhadze, mtundu wa Epiphytes. Mu chilengedwe, mitundu khumi ndi iwiri. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki "maluwa pamasamba." Malo ogawa - South ndi Central America, subtropics of Africa, Mexico. Imamera pamenepo pamtengo mitengo ndi nthambi. Mosiyana ndi mbewu zomwe zimalandira mphamvu kuchokera ku tiziwalo ta "wolandirayo", zimadyera zokha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati duwa lachipinda, chokongoletsera cha m'munda, khonde, loggia.
Kufotokozera kwa Epiphyllum
Zoyimirira zazitali komanso zosinthika za epiphyllum ndizopyapyala, ndipo mkati mwake muli mawonekedwe, kotseguka. Akuwombera nthambi ndikupanga chitsamba chowirira. Pansi pamakhala zolimba pazaka zambiri, zokutidwa ndi makungwa a bulauni. Madera okhala ndi ma spikes afupiafupi mwa mawonekedwe a bristles amapezeka kumapeto kwa tsinde.
Chiwerengero cha mizu ya mlengalenga chimakwera ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Masamba ndi a tubular, kutalika kwa mitundu ina mpaka masentimita 40. Amatsegula usiku ndikutseka m'mawa. Maluwa a vanila oyera, pinki, ofiira amatulutsa fungo labwino. Amawoneka masika ndi chilimwe, mitundu ina - kumapeto. Zipatso zake ndizazikulu, zowoneka bwino, nyumba zimangokulira pang'onopang'ono. Amafanana ndi ma plums mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, ndi ma sitiroberi okhala ndi chinanazi kulawa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya epiphyllum
Zosiyanasiyana ndizodziwika ndi kukula, kuchuluka kwa masamba, mtundu. Pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana awiri.
| Gulu | Kufotokozera |
| Mtundu wamaonekedwe achikasu a marniera (selenicereus) | Imawonekera ndi mphukira zophukira, zazikulu ndi zazitali maluwa mpaka 25 cm. |
| Oxypetalum | Imapezeka pamiyala, nduwira za mitengo. Mitengo yopyapyala yokhala ndiubweya yopyapyala imatalika mpaka 6cm komanso 12cm, kutalika mpaka 31. Amadziwika kuti "Mfumukazi ya Usiku" chifukwa chamaluwa oyera, akulu, osasinthika omwe amatsegula usiku. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino, m'mimba mwake mpaka 17 cm. |
| Guatemalan | Mitundu imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a tsinde. Yoyamba ikufanana ndi masamba angapo a thundu, kutalika kwa ulalo uliwonse mpaka masentimita 5. Yachiwiriyo, Monstrose, imakhala ndi mphukira zakuda kwambiri, yosagawika magawo komanso kukula kosasunthika mosasintha. Maluwa a pinki okhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana. |
| Ackerman | Zoyala zowonda ndi maluwa ofiira owala. Nthawi zambiri wamkulu pamtengo wopachika maluwa. Kukula pang'onopang'ono. |
| Choyera kapena choyera | Zimayambira ndizovunda, zowongoka, mpaka 30 cm, 12 cm. - Zoyera ndi chipale chofewa komanso zonona zimatsegulidwa usiku ndi fungo labwino, lokhazikika. |
| Angouliereg kapena angular | Kutalika kwamamita, kolimba mwamphamvu mu mawonekedwe a zigzag. Mafuta onunkhira, achikaso, oyera, pinki. |
| Philanthus | M'malo achilengedwe mumakhala akorona amitengo. Mtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi maluwa otuwa apinki, pakati pakongoleti kachikaso mpaka 30 cm. Corolla m'mimba mpaka 18 cm. |
| Hooker | Dziko lakwawo ndi Venezuela, Mexico, Cuba. Amakula mpaka kukula kwakukulu, zimayambira zolimba ndizowuma, kuzimiririka chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo. Ziphuphu ndizoyera, zazitali, zotentha pakati. |
| Wogulitsidwa | Tchire tating'ono, buluu wobiriwira. Kutalika kwakutali kumayambira mpaka mita yopanda masamba, yopanda minga. Amatsegula chikaso, whisk wokhala ndi mainchesi 15 cm. |
| Lau | Imamera msanga 3 m, 7 cm mulifupi ndi singano zofiirira. Kirimu masamba amatsegulidwa madzulo, masiku awiri. |
| Basi | Zosiyanasiyana zimayang'aniridwa mu nazale, makamaka kusinthasintha mwachangu kwachilengedwe, monga kutentha kwa +18 ° C. Maluwa amabwera ndi masika. Utoto pinki pakati mpaka pinki chakumaso m'mbali. Corolla m'mimba mpaka 16 cm. |
| Dreamland | Ziphuphu pinki, lalanje, zoyera, zofiirira, zimawonekera nthawi yotentha. Ili ndi mphamvu yochiritsa. |
| Tomasi | Mu chilengedwe chimafika mpaka 4 metres, ndipo kunyumba chimangokula mpaka 70 cm. Icho chimaphukira mu zoyera, areoles ndizotsika. |
| Zofikiridwa | Zimayambira ndizobiriwira, zobiriwira. Pansi pa mawonekedwe a cylindrical, wavy kumbali, areoles okhala ndi bristles amapezeka pa iwo. Pali mithunzi ya kirimu, yobiriwira ndi fungo labwino. Zimawululidwa masana, zomwe sizachilendo kwa epiphyllum. |
| Paul de Lonpre | Imasiyanasiyana mu mphukira zazitali, kutsamira pansi, ndi maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi masentimita 14. Utoto ndi zonona, wofiira m'mphepete. Maonekedwe a haibridi kuchokera kumazungulira tooted and selencerius. |
Epiphyllum amasamalira kunyumba
Ndikovuta kukulitsa nkhalango yamtchire, chisamaliro choyenera chimapezeka kunyumba powona magawo onse a nyengo.
| Magawo | Kasupe | Chilimwe | Wagwa | Zima |
| Malo, kuyatsa | Kuwala kowala, kumadzulo, mbali yakummawa. | |||
| Kutentha | + 20 ... +25 ° С | + 22 ... +25 ° С | + 15 ... +20 ° С | + 10 ... +13 ° С |
| Kuthirira, chinyezi | Zochulukirapo mukamaliza kuyanika, kuphatikiza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuteteza kapena kusefa madzi. | Pakatikati, kawiri pa mwezi. | Zochepera. | |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Zopangira feteleza zakutchire zomwe zimakhala ndi potaziyamu, calcium, phosphorous, zopanda nitrogen. | Feteleza zovuta ndi nayitrogeni. | Ngati ndi kotheka. | Zosafunika. |
Ngati duwa limakula bwino, ndiye kuti silikhala ndi kuwala kosakwanira, kuthirira kapena kuthirira pang'ono, gawo lapansi lolakwika.
Kuwala
Epiphyllum idzakondwera ndi mawonekedwe ake, ngati mupanga kuwala kowala, kosakanikirana. Ikapezeka kumpoto, imaphuka mofooka, kumwera ndikofunikira kuteteza mbewuzo ku dzuwa. M'dzinja, alimi amayika maluwa mumsewu pamalo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa.
Kutentha
Duwa limalekerera kusiyana kwa chilimwe mumlengalenga watsopano. Pakakhala nthawi yopumula, nkhalango za nkhalango sizifunikira kutentha kwambiri.
Kuthirira
Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, epifillum amathiridwa madzi ochuluka. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuchepera.
Chinyezi
Mu mpweya wouma, mbewuyo imathiridwa madzi ndi madzi, osati madzi ozizira m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Dothi, kuvala pamwamba
Dothi la chomera limasankhidwa popanda laimu, lachonde. Kuphatikizika kwa osakaniza ndi gawo la agroperlite ndi dothi lamtunda, ufa wamfupa, magawo atatu a coconut fiber. Mutha kugula gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi cacti lokhala ndi zinthu za peat. Pakapangidwa masamba, amathiriridwa ndi yankho la mullein ndi madzi 1: 4, kamodzi pa masabata awiri, kapena feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pambuyo pa maluwa, kuvala pamwamba kumatsitsidwa kawiri pamwezi.
Thirani
Panyengo iliyonse yamasika, cacti wachinyamata amasinthidwa isanafike nthawi yoyamba kukula. Zakudya zimafunikira yotakata, yopanda, yopapatiza, izi zimapangitsa maluwa. Tanki iyenera kukhala ndi katundu wotayira komanso kuti izitentha usiku.
Miphika ya Clay ndiyabwino kwambiri.
Zomera za akulu zimafunikira kukasinthidwa ngati mizu yochotsa mabowo akuluza kale. Pansi pa mbale, ngalande, nthaka zimayikidwa, duwa amayiyika, kenako ndikuyika mumthunzi, pang'ono ponyowetsa gawo lapansi.
Kudulira
Kuti musinthe komanso kupanga chitsamba, duwa liyenera kudulidwa. Kamodzi pazaka zitatu mutamasulidwa, mphukira zowonda, zowonongeka, zakale, zokhala zokulirapo pamunsi zimachotsedwa.
Maluwa
Epiphyllum limamasula kamodzi pachaka, mitundu payokha - 2 times. Pakadali pano, simungathe kusuntha kapena kukonzanso duwa, apo ayi masamba adzagwa. Maluwa amatulutsa kuyambira tsiku limodzi mpaka 7. Ndi wopanda kuwala, kutentha kuposa kwabwinobwino komanso kuthirira kwambiri panthawi yakupanda, chomera sichimaphuka.
Kuswana
Epiphyllum imafalitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- kudula;
- ndi mbewu;
- masanjidwe.
Kudula
Amapangira nthawi yophukira, kudula tsinde laumoyo m'malo ambiri ndi masentimita 10. Kudula kumatsalira ndi odulidwa. Pambuyo pa masiku awiri, zimabzalidwa mpaka 1 cm masentimita osakaniza ndi mchenga ndi peat. Chokani m'malo amdima kwa tsiku, mutadzaza madzi.
Mbewu
Mbewu yomwe idagulidwa m'sitolo imayikidwa dothi lonyowa, yokutidwa ndi kanema, ndikuwonetsa tsiku lililonse kwa ola limodzi. Ndi zophukira zoyambirira zimatsegulidwa. Nthochi zimawoneka ndi minga, zomwe kenako zimagwa. Chomera chomera chikayamba kuphuka patatha zaka zisanu.
Kufalitsa mwa kuyala
Mizu yam'mlengalenga ikawonekera pa epiphyllum, imaponyera mphukira pansi ndikuikonza. Mizu itatha kulekanitsidwa ndi chomera, chodzalidwa mosiyana.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Mosasamala, duwa limagwidwa ndi tizirombo:
- Spider mite - ukonde wa kangaude umaonekera. Kuti mufufuze ndi colloidal sulfure, Sopo yobiriwira, karbofos.
- Nsabwe - kupukuta ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya, koloko njira. Spray ndikukonzekera: Spark, Fitoverma, Neoron, Decis.
- Mealybug - misozi maluwa ndi mowa kapena kuchitira kulowetsedwa kwa adyo.
- Scale - kuchitira ndi madzi a sopo, gwiritsani ntchito Fitoverm, Aktaru, Actellik.
Epiphyllum imakonda matenda a fungal ndi ma virus chifukwa chothirira kwambiri, kuchepa kwa michere, kutentha pang'ono:
- Dzimbiri - mawanga ofiira achikasu akuwoneka. Izi zimachokera pakuthilira kwamadzi pamtunda wotsika kapena potentha kadzuwa. Chitani ndi yankho la Topaz, Alirin.
- Chowola chakuda - madontho akuda pamitengo. Chotsani madera omwe akhudzidwa ndikuthana ndi Fundazolum, tengani mankhwala osokoneza ndi makala ophatikizidwa.
- Anthractosis - mawanga a bulauni. Chepetsa zimayambira, chitani ndi Phiotosporin, Trichodermin.
- Fusarium - zimayambira kukhala zofiira chifukwa cha mizu yowola. Sinthani dothi, chotsani mizu yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, pochita ndi Gamair.
- Zithunzi zoyenera - zazing'ono zowoneka bwino pachomera, malekezero owuma, masamba amagwa. Sichitha kuthandizidwa, duwa lomwe layamba kudwala limatayidwa.
Maluwa amayamba kuthirira ndikakhala mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo kuwala kowala kumakwiyitsa masamba kugwa.
Zizindikiro komanso zikhulupiriro za epiphyllum
Malinga ndi zizindikilo, epiphyllum imateteza nyumba kuti isavulazidwe, kuphuka kumalonjeza kuwonjezeranso banja, komanso kwa anthu osungulumwa - mnzake ndi theka lotsatira. Koma samalangiza kupatsa maluwa okondedwa - uku ndikuti kupatukana. M'nyumba ya azimayi osakwatiwa - zikutanthauza kuti musapeze mkwati.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati Chilimwe: epiphyllum - mchiritsi wanyumba
Forest cactus madzi amachiritsa - - okodzetsa, amatsuka thupi, amateteza chitetezo chamthupi, amabwezeretsa chiwindi ndi impso. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza psoriasis, mtima dongosolo, rheumatism, mutu, chimfine. Duwa limatha kuletsa zoyipa zamagetsi yamagetsi, zimathandiza kuchokera pa hangover, zimasiya magazi, zimachiritsa mabala.
