Soleirolia (gelksina, gloxinia) ndi mbewu yokhazikika yosatha ya banja la Nettle. Malo ogawa - Mediterranean, nkhalango zonyowa za zisumbu za Sardinia ndi Corsica.
Idapezeka koyamba m'zaka za XIX, ndi wamkulu wa Soleirol, chifukwa cha omwe adatulukira, duwa lidapeza dzina.
Kufotokozera
Chomera chimakhala ndi mphukira zokwawa, kupanga mtundu wofiyira wobiriwira. Mizu yake imakhala ngati ulusi, yopyapyala.
Masamba ndi ambiri, m'mimba mwake, mpaka 0,6 mm kukula kwake, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndiwofanana ndi impso. Anthu'wo, chifukwa cha masamba, chomeracho chimatchedwa "duckweed mkati."
Maluwa ndi ochepa, osakwatiwa, mpaka 1mm kukula kwake. Mtundu - kirimu kapena zoyera, palibe fungo.
Zosiyanasiyana
Pali mtundu umodzi wokha mu mtundu - Soleolirol saltworm, womwe umaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo:
| Gulu | Kufotokozera |
| Green | Masamba obiriwira opepuka, m'mimba mwake - mpaka 2 cm. Amawerengedwa ngati mitundu yaying'ono ndipo ndi yabwino kudulira. |
| Argentina | Ali ndi masamba azitsamba. |
| Aurea | Pali masamba agolide. |
| Variegata | Zomera zamtundu wobiriwira, malire woonda kuzungulira m'mphepete, oyera. |
Kusamalira saline m'nyumba
Popeza nyengo ya chaka, chisamaliro chanyumba cha gloxinia chimasiyana kwambiri:
| Nthawi ya chaka | Kutentha | Chinyezi cha mpweya | Kuwala |
| Chilimwe cha masika | + 20 ... + 25 ° C | Kuchokera pa 60% mpaka 80%. Kuti mukhalebe mulingo wotere pamasiku ofunda, muyenera kupopera maluwa katatu patsiku. | Ndikofunikira kuyika mumtundu wamitundu ina. Malo abwino kwambiri angakhale zenera lakummawa, kumpoto ndi kumadzulo. |
| Kugwa nthawi yachisanu | + 15 ° C | Kuwaza kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata kuti mukhale chinyezi. | Kuunikira kothandiza kudzafunika, ndi kuperewera kwa kuwala, mphukira amatambasuka, amachepetsa. |
Kuthirira
M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imafunikira kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kambiri, ndipo nyengo yozizira ikayamba, iyenera kukhala yochulukirapo. Mizu ya duwa siyenera kuloledwa kuti iwume.
Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi ofewa ndi oyeretsedwa + 24 ... + 27 ° C. Kuchokera pamadzi ozizira, ma saltwork adzafa.
Zomera zazing'ono zimamwetsedwa masiku onse atatu, akulu - kamodzi pakapita masiku asanu.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Feteleza kumachitika kawiri pamwezi munyengo yotentha. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndizikonda mitundu yamadzimadzi pazinthu zopangira michere. Njira yabwino ingakhale njira yodziwikiratu yokongoletsera komanso yopanda zomera, mwachitsanzo, Kemiru-lux. Kulimbikira kuyenera kuchitidwa kangapo poyerekeza ndi zomwe zasonyezedwazo.
Kutchera, kusankha mphamvu, dothi, njira zina zothandizira, thandizo
Gloxinia amatanthauza mbewu zomwe zimakula mwachangu, motero zimafunikira kuzibwezeretsa chaka chilichonse. Nthawi yoyenera imawerengedwa ngati chiyambi cha masika.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe dothi lotayirira, popanda mapampu. Mutha kusankha malo ogulidwa pazomera zokongoletsera zabwino. Mukamakonzekera kusakaniza ndi manja anu, ndikofunikira kutenga dothi lofanana, mchenga wabwino, peat ndi humus.
Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo, koma osazama, popeza mizu yamchere imakhala yongokulirapo. Popewa madzi kuti asasunthike, miyala yosanjikiza 3 cm imayikidwa pansi pa thankiyo.
Kuunikira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya transshipment, kutsatira malangizo a gawo ndi tsiku:
- nthaka yazakudya ikonzedwa;
- wosanjikiza amaikidwa pansi pa mphika, womwe umakonkhedwa ndi dothi pamwamba;
- dothi loumbika limatuluka mumphika wachakale ndipo limapezeka mumtsuko watsopano, ma voids amawazidwa ndi lapansi;
- mutasinthira mbewuyo kumalo atsopano, muyenera kudikirira kuzika kwake, osathirira.
Chomera chongogulidwachi chimafunikanso kuti chikagwiritsidwenso:
- masamba amasambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda;
- mizu imayeretsedwa kwathunthu dothi, malo owonongeka amachotsedwa, zigawo zimakonkhedwa ndi phulusa;
- saltolysis amabzalidwa m'nthaka yatsopano.
Mukakulitsa mawonekedwe a chomera cha ampel, muyenera kukonzekera wobzala, komanso matabwa ndi matayala, kukhala thandizo.
Kudulira
Gloxinia imapangidwa chaka chilichonse. Kumayambiriro kasupe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse malo okhuthala. Chifukwa cha izi, mphukira zina zimadulidwa pansi pa muzu, okhawo olimba ndi omwe atsala. Njirayi imalimbikitsa kukula, zimayambira zomwe zimawoneka zamphamvu komanso zamasamba.
Mukakonza, gloxinia imapereka mawonekedwe aliwonse, monga mpira. Mutha kudula maluwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka, kuchepetsa mphukira pafupi 1/3.
Kuswana
Zimapangidwa m'njira zitatu: kudula, mbewu ndi mphukira.
Malangizo pang'onopang'ono:
- mphukira zazing'ono zimadulidwa kenako ndikuyika m'madzi mpaka mizu ikapangidwa (ikhoza kuyikidwa nthawi yomweyo mumchenga wonyowa wamchenga ndi peat);
- mmera umayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, momwe kutentha kwa + 25 ° C kumasungidwa, nthawi zina mpweya wabwino;
- tsinde limamera mu masabata awiri;
- pambuyo pake duwa libzalidwe m'nthaka.
Zosintha zakumaso zakunyumba zingapo
Mukakhala wamkulu m'nyumba, kwa gloxinia, mutha kusankha osati miphika yamitundu ingapo, komanso ma aquariums. Munthawi imeneyi, chomera chimakula msanga, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyang'anira chisankho cha oyandikana nawo.
Zolakwika ndi kuchotsedwa kwawo
| Zolakwika | Chifukwa | Kuwongolera |
| Amafota masamba, amawuma ndi kufa. | Kuperewera konyowa, chinyezi chosakwanira. | Spray tsiku lililonse. Khala kutali ndi owotha. |
| Stalk kutambasuka, kufalikira kwa masamba, kukula pang'onopang'ono. | Zinthu zopanda ntchito m'nthaka, zopanda kuwala kokwanira. | Dyetsani mbewuyo ndi feteleza wovuta. Konzani pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa, ndikuwala ndi phytolamp. |
| Masamba owuma, mawonekedwe amtambo wonyezimira. | Kuwonetsedwa ndi dzuwa. | Pitani kumthunzi wopanda tsankho. |
| Chikaso ndi kugwa kwamasamba. | Chinyezi chambiri. | Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa kuthirira. |
Tizilombo, matenda
| Matenda / tizilombo | Mawonekedwe | Njira zotayira |
| Gray zowola | Mitundu yofiyira imvi pa masamba, mphukira zowola ndi kufa. | Chotsani madera omwe anakhudzidwa ndi duwa, muchepetse kuthirira, nthawi zambiri mpweya wabwino. |
| Brown zowola | Zimayambira zimayamba kucheperachepera komanso zofiirira. | Utsi ndi fungicides, nthawi zina owonda. |
| Spider mite | Masamba owonda pamasamba, masamba amasamba amawonekera, amatembenuka chikasu ndi kowuma. | Muzimutsuka mbewu m'madzi osamba ndikuchotsera mankhwala aliwonse. Bwerezani kukonzekera katatu. |
| Whitefly | Masamba kupindika, kutembenukira chikasu ndi kugwa. | Kukonza ndi njira ya Actara. |
A Dachnik akuvomereza: mchere - mgwirizano mu nazale
Mwa zina zachilendo za salinoleism, kuthekera kwake kubweretsa chisangalalo kunyumba, kukonza chisangalalo ndikuwongolera kuyankhulana kumadziwika. Duwa limatha kutuluka mumkhalidwe wachisoni, limapangitsa mwana kukomoka. Gloxinia imatsimikizira mwana mtendere wam'maganizo ndi maloto abwino.
Koma poika chomera m'chipinda cha makolo (mphamvu za Yang zimakulitsidwa, zomwe zimawononga chiyanjano pakati pa achibale) ndi chipinda chochezera, muyenera kukana.
