Kodiyum ndi wa banja la Euphorbia. Oyambirira ochokera ku East India, Malaysia, Sunda ndi zilumba za Molluksky. Mbali yake ndi kukhalapo kwamadzimadzi am'madzi, omwe amaika umuna ndi masamba, ndikuthandizira mbewu kuti ichiritse zowonongeka ndi matenda. Ochita maluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito dzina lina - croton.
Kufotokozera
Croton ndi duwa la shrub. Mwachilengedwe imafika pamtunda wa 3-4, kunyumba - mpaka 70 cm. Masamba ake ndi olimba, achikopa, amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi owala, amakumbukira lalikulu laurel. Pali zopindika komanso zowongoka, zokulirapo komanso zopapatiza, zowoneka bwino komanso zotsika. Mtundu wawo umakhala wobiriwira pang'ono mpaka wofiirira, mitsempha - kuchokera pachikaso mpaka kufiyira. Zomera zazing'ono nthawi zonse ndizopepuka kuposa akulu. Maluwa ndi ochepa, osasinthika- oyera ngati chikaso.
Zosiyanasiyana zamkati zam'nyumba - tebulo
Kunyumba, zamitundu yonse ya croton, imodzi yokha imakula - verigat (enemgated), koma mitundu yochokera ku iyo siyotsika mu mawonekedwe amtundu.
| Zosiyanasiyana | Masamba ndi zina |
| Variegatum | Kukula, kutalika - masentimita 30. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yazipinda zamtambo wachikasu zobiriwira, kusintha kutengera kuyatsa ndi zinthu zina. Tsinde ndi lolunjika, pansi popanda masamba. Ndiwoyambitsa wazowonjezera zonse zowoneka bwino. Mnyumbayo amakula mpaka 70 cm. |
| Petra | Chofiyira, chonyezimira, chobiriwira chopepuka ndi m'mphepete zachikasu ndi mitsempha. Kapangidwe kake kakufanana ndi masamba. Pesi ndi nthambi. |
| Tamara | Makulidwe obowoleza okhala ndi mbali zosagwirizana, mitundu yosasinthika - ma pinki, ofiirira kapena achikasu amawabalidwa pazithunzi zoyera. Zophatikiza Imafika kutalika kwa mita. Mitundu yosowa. |
| Mummy | Utoto wopotoza, wautali, wopindika, ndi wamotchi. |
| Akazi a Iston | Kutalika, kutalika, kuzungulira kumapeto, kwa utoto wowala - wachikaso, ofiira, pinki ndi agolide. Gawo lamtengo wokwera |
| Kalonga wakuda | Mwobiriwira kwambiri mpaka kuwoneka wakuda. Malo ofiira, achikaso, malalanje amabalalika pamazira amdima. |
| Zokongola | Kutikumbutsanso za thundu, mbali yakumbuyo imakhala yobiriwira, chikasu ndi burgundy. Chitsamba chotsika. |
| Disraeli | Zobiriwira zobiriwira, mitsempha - chikasu, pansi - njerwa. |
| Zanzibar | Yochepa kwambiri komanso yayitali, madzi obiriwira, achikasu, ndi mathithi ofiira. Chimawoneka chosangalatsa m'mabasiketi opachikika. |
| Acuballist | Yochepa yopapatiza, yobiriwira maonekedwe ndi achikasu osakhazikika inclusions. |
| Nyenyezi Yadzuwa | Yopyapyala msuzi wobiriwira pamalangizo pachimake chikasu, mithunzi ya mandimu. |
| Chikapond | Muli ndi magawo atatu okhala ndi mitsitsi ya golide. |
| Eburneum (yoyera yoyera) | Mthunzi wa Kirimu. Ndi magetsi owala osakanikirana komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kumatha kusangalatsa ndi mitundu ya burgundy. |
| Utsi wa Champagne | Yotsalira pang'ono, yakuda ndi ma splashes achikasu. |
Kusakaniza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya croton.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Chomera chimakhala choperewera, koma ngati mulenga zinthu zoyenera, mutha kukwaniritsa kusiyanasiyana ndikuwala chaka chonse.
Gome lanyengo
| Parameti | Kasupe / Chilimwe | Kugwa / Zima |
| Malo / Kuwala | Imakonzekeretsa kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa mawayiletsi owala koma osokoneza. | Ndikofunika kusankha zenera lakumwera. Ndi njala yowala, masamba ayamba kutaya mtundu wawo wowala, kuyatsa ndikofunikira. |
| Kutentha | Wotonthoza - + 20 ... + 24 ℃. Pa + 30 ℃, kugwedezeka ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka ndikofunikira. | Musachotsere kutentha. Zovomerezeka - + 18 ... + 20 ℃, osati kutsika kuposa + 16 ℃. |
| Chinyezi | Wokwera. M'chilimwe, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi ofunda, otha kukhazikika. Ndikwabwino kuyika chidebe ndi duwa mu phukusi la maluwa ndikudzaza chonyowa (miyala, dongo lokwanitsidwa). | Splating kudula. Koma nthawi yotentha, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya pafupi ndi codeium. |
| Kuthirira | Pafupipafupi, zabwino. Koma nthaka ipangike mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madziwo. Madzi amakhala otentha ndikukhazikika. | Chepetsani. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi pa sabata - kusinthana feteleza wama mineral ndi organic | Kuchepetsa - 1 nthawi pamwezi. |
Thirani: mphika, dothi, kufotokozera pang'onopang'ono
Kupanga kwa Codium kumachitika mchaka. Achichepere (zaka 1-3) - pachaka, akulu (opitilira zaka 3) - zaka 2-4 zilizonse.
Mphika uyenera kukhala wosaya, pang'ono kwambiri kuposa momwe duwa linalimaliridwako. Popeza mizu yake yomwe ikula imasokoneza kukula kwa masamba. Kwa croton wachichepere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki, koma mphika woumbidwa ndi dongo umakonda wamkulu, kuti nthaka yomwe ili mkati ipume.
Mabowo okumba amafunikira.
Nthaka imakhala acidic pang'ono. Dothi lopangidwa mwakonzeka limasungunuka ndi madzi abwino okhala ndi madzi, perlite ndi makala. Kudziphika:
- kukula kwamagulu: humus, turf, sand sandar (2: 1: 1);
- wamkulu croton - (3: 1: 1).
Kuika - gawo pang'onopang'ono:
- Nthaka imakhala madzi okwanira.
- Tanki yatsopano imakutidwa ndi ngalande (masentimita atatu) ndikusakanikirana pang'ono.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha, amatulutsa codium, ndikuyiyika pakati ndikuwonjezera dothi.
- Madzi.
- Khazikitsani maluwa mumalo ndi nyali zowala koma zowala. Limbitsani tsiku lililonse.
Duwa latsopano limasinthidwa bwino bwino pamwezi.
Kusintha masinthidwe ake, croton imalawa ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera (Epin).
Mapangidwe, thandizo
Kuti apange korona wokongola kwambiri, kutsina kumachitika kale m'mitundu ing'onoing'ono. Kumayambiriro kwa 15 cm, ndikukula - masentimita 20. Kudulira kumachitika mchaka.
Ngati ndunayo italeka kukula, izi ndizosakhalitsa. Pakapita kanthawi, imaphukitsidwa.
Kwa croton wachikulire, wokhala ndi masamba ambiri komanso wopanda thunthu lokwanira, thandizo ndilofunikira. Monga iye paciyambi mutha kutenga nsungwi, mitengo. Mutha kugulanso zida zapadera zamabodza, kapena kudzipanga nokha.
Njira Zokukula: Florarium, Bonsai
Mitundu yaying'ono ya croton itha kukhala wamkulu m'mabala ndi maluwa otsekemera, masamba adzakhalanso owala komanso osiyanasiyana. Zimayenda bwino ndi mbewu zina.
Ngati mukuleza mtima, mutha kupanga bonsai kuchokera pa code. Ndikofunikira kunyamula bwino ndikapachika nthambi zake.
Kuswana
Kuswana kotchuka kwambiri kwa croton ndikudula. Osawerengeka - ndi mbewu, kuyala.
- Mukadulira masika, odulidwa amatengedwa.
- Chotsani masamba pansipa ndikuchepetsa pamwamba.
- Ndasambitsa.
- Zidula zimazitsidwa ndikuyika gawo lonyowa.
- Phimbani ndi mtsuko, ndikupanga malo obiriwira.
- Pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu amakhala.
Zolakwika mu chisamaliro ndikuchotsa kwawo - tebulo
Croton ndi mawonekedwe ake adzakuwuzani za malo osayenera omangidwa ndi zolakwika pomusamalira.
| Mtundu wogonjetsedwa | Chifukwa chopezeka | Njira yothetsera |
| Masamba amatembenuka. | Kupanda kuyatsa. | Ikani pafupi ndi kuwala, koma muteteze ku kuwala kowala. M'nyengo yozizira, gwiritsani ntchito kuyatsa kwanyumba. |
| Zopota zofiirira. | Dzuwa. | Bisani dzuwa. |
| Masamba opindika, amathera bulauni, koma ofewa. | Kusiyana kotentha. | Yang'anirani kutentha kutentha masana ndi usiku. Sayenera kukhala yosiyana kwambiri. |
| Brown ndi bulauni m'mphepete mwa masamba. | Kupanda kuthirira. Mpweya wouma. Zojambula. | Phatikizani zonse:
|
| Masamba otsitsidwa, kuchepa kwawo kwa elasticity. | Kupanda kuthirira. Kuzizira kwa mizu. | Madzi nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda. Ikani m'chipinda chowala komanso chotentha. |
| Kugwa kwa masamba. | Croton ndi wokalamba. Zinyontho zochulukirapo nthawi yachisanu. Pouma kwambiri kapena kuzizira, kusanjidwa. | Tsatirani kachidindo: Ndi kukula kwabwinobwino kwa masamba achichepere - zimachitika pafupipafupi. Ndi kuvutika kukula kwachinyamata - chotsani zoperewera zonse. |
| Ku red masamba. | Njala ya nayitrogeni. | Gwiritsani feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni. |
| Mbali yakumbuyo ya tsamba imakhala yoyera, yotentha, pamwamba - yofiirira. | Kutentha kwambiri. Madzi. | M'nyengo yozizira, ndikusowa kwa moto, duleni ndi madzi ofunda, mutapukuta dothi mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a buku la mphika. |
| Chikaso. | Kuperewera kwa zakudya. Madzi. | Manyowa ndi kukula. Tsatirani malamulo othirira. |
| Malo ofiira kumbuyo kwa masamba. | Dzuwa lowonjezera. | Shade pamadzulo. |
Matenda, tizirombo - tebulo
| Kuwonetsera | Matenda, tizilombo | Njira yankhondo |
| Mawonekedwe a bulauni. Codium samakula, imayamba kuwuma patapita nthawi. | Matenda a fungus | Chotsani masamba odwala. Ikani codium mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Sinthani nthaka. Chitani croton ndi yankho la Fitosporin. Pankhani yogonjetsedwa kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito Skor. |
| Chikasu ndi kugwa kwa masamba, kufewetsa mizu. | Zovunda | Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa ndizotheka kupulumutsa croton:
Kuwala kotetezedwa osati kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira, mpaka masamba atsopano awonekere. |
| Maonekedwe achikasu mawanga, oyera ma cobwebs. Masamba amazilala. | Spider mite | Chotsani masamba odwala. Spray ndi Fitoverm, Actellik. |
| Convex, mawanga amdima kumbuyo kwa tsamba. | Chotchinga | Chotsani tizilombo. Spray Actellik. Kubwereza kukonzedwa, mpaka kutha kwa tizilombo. |
| Masamba amakhala povutirapo, mawonekedwe a kuyera koyera, kukula kumayima. | Mealybug | Chithandizo ndi tizilombo mobwerezabwereza. |
A Dachnik adalangiza: Kodiyum - duwa loyankhulana
Masamba a Croton amaphatikiza Mercury ndi Dzuwa. Izi zimathandizira kudzutsa mphamvu yolumikizirana, imalola munthu kupeza chilankhulo wamba ndi chilengedwe, kuyanjanitsa mkangano. Kodiyum imalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda, imapangitsa chitetezo chokwanira.
