Cordilina ndi mbewu yobiriwira kuchokera kubanja la Asparagus. Madera ogawa ndi malo otentha a Australia, Africa, Asia, amodzi mwa maluwa amapezeka ku Brazil.
Dzinalo limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti kordyle, lomwe limamasulira kuti nodule, mfundo.
Kufotokozera kwa colilina
Cordilina ndi mtengo kapena chitsamba chokhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso yolimba. Mawonekedwe a masamba amatengera mitundu ndipo ali pamzere, lanceolate ndi xiphoid. Maluwa oyera, ofiira kapena ofiirira.
Mukakula mu nyumba yanyumba, imakula mpaka 1.5 metres. Pomwe imakula, kumwalira ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba apansi kumachitika, chifukwa chomwe mbewuyo imakhala ngati kanjedza yabodza.
Mitundu Yokukula Kwanyumba
Pali mitundu ingapo ya colilina yomwe ndi yoyenera kuswana mchipinda:
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Apical cordilina | Wonga mtengo, ndi thunthu lonama mwachindunji (nthawi zina nthambi zake) ndi kutalika kwamamita awiri. Axillary mantha mantha inflorescences. Maluwa ndi ochepa, oyera kapena ofiira. Udzu umakwirira mtengowo kuchokera m'nthaka, motero umakhala wosakhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali. |
| Cordilina kiwi | Chitsamba chowoneka bwino. Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda ndi mikwaso yachikasu ndi rasipiberi wokonda kuwira. |
| Zowongolera | Shrub ndi thunthu loonda lomwe limatha kukula mpaka mamita atatu. Masamba ndi akulu, obiriwira kapena ofiirira. |
| Waku Australia | Cacilina wopezeka kwambiri, mwachilengedwe amafika mamita 12. Kunja kuli ngati kanjedza. Masamba a xiphoid, otalika mpaka 90c. Ma inflorescence mpaka mita imodzi, ali ndi maluwa onunkhira. |
| Kufiyira | Ili ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndipo chibadwa chake chimafikira 3 mita kutalika. Mtundu wa masamba ake ndi wobiriwira kapena wakuda kwambiri. Danga lamtunduwo limakhala pafupifupi 1 cm, kukhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri. |
| Sakanizani | Izi sizosiyanasiyana, koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa mu penti imodzi. |
| Fruticosis | Mtundu wa masamba ungakhale wobiriwira wakuda, rasipiberi kapena pinki. Inflorescence imawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe otayirira. |
| Benksa | Shrub ndi thunthu lowongoka, limafika kutalika kwamamita atatu. Kutalika kwa masamba ake ndi pafupifupi 1.5 mita, mitanda yowuma imapangidwa. Mbali yakunja ya masamba ndi yobiriwira, ndipo mkatimo ndi laimvi. Maluwa ali ndi khungu loyera. |
| Osadukiza | Imakhala ndi phesi loonda komanso lomwe silikugwada. Chomera ndichopangidwa ndi lamba, pakati ndi mtsempha wofiyira. |
| Tricolor | Zithunzi zamitundu itatu, kuphatikiza kwa mtundu wobiriwira, pinki ndi kirimu. |
| Phula la Kitcompat | Kachitsamba kakang'ono komwe kali ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Thunthu lake ndi laling'ono koma lamphamvu. |
| Chocolate mfumukazi | Masamba ake ndi amtali komanso otakataka, chokoleti komanso zobiriwira. |
| Chipale | Masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mikwingwirima ndi mikwingwirima yoyera. |
Kusamalira Panyumba
Mukamasamalira cyilina kunyumba, muyenera kulabadira nyengo ya chaka:
| Nyengo | Kutentha | Kuwala, kuyikika | Mulingo wanyontho |
| Chilimwe cha masika | Chitsamba, monga nthumwi ya malo otentha, chimakhala cha thermophilic komanso chosagwirizana ndi kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. Nyengo yamasika-chilimwe, + 22 ... + 25 ° C amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino, ndi chisamaliro chapamwamba mpaka + 30 ° C. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuteteza ku mphepo ndi dzuwa. | Cordilina amakonda kukhazikitsidwa m'malo owala bwino, koma samaloleza kuwonekera mwachindunji ndi dzuwa. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi utoto wa masamba ake, zowala bwino ndizowoneka bwino, malo owala ndi ofunikira kuti mbuto likhale ndi cordilina. Shrub ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti iyikidwe pawindo lakumawa ndi kumadzulo. | Chinyezi cha mpweya chambiri cha 50-60% chofunikira. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikulimbikitsidwa nthawi 1-2 pa sabata kuti zitsitsire zitsamba kuchokera mfuti. |
| Kugwa nthawi yachisanu | Pakati pajumpha nyengo iyi, ntchindi yakutentha pakukura kwa cililina ni + 10 ... + 13 ° C. Mitundu ina ngakhale nyengo ino imakonda kutentha kwa + 20 ° C. | Chitsamba chimayikidwa pazenera, osatulutsa zowunikira zowonjezera. | Gawo lofunikira chinyezi ndi 50-60%. Chidebe chokhala ndi zitsamba ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chiziikidwa kutali ndi magetsi. |
Kubzala ndi kubwezeretsa: Kusankha dothi ndi mphika
Achinyamata a Cordilina amafunika kumuika pachaka. Tchire likakwanitsa zaka zinayi, kuchuluka kwake kumachepera kamodzi pachaka chilichonse.
Poto yodzalamo iyenera kukhala ndi m'mbali ndipo ikhale yozama, chifukwa chitsamba chimakhala ndi mizu yoyambira. Chofunikira chotsatira ndikukonzekera dothi labwino kwambiri.
Kukonzekera nthaka:
- nthaka ya acid yotsika, mchenga ndi peat zimatengedwa pazotsatira za 3: 1: 1;
- Chilichonse chimaphatikizidwa;
- ngalande zonyowa (miyala ing'onoing'ono) imathiridwa mumphika watsopano, ndipo nthaka yokonzedwayo ili pamwamba.
Ngati mizu ya mbewu idalimo mu mphika wonse, ndiye kuti chinthu china chachiyankhacho chikuyenera kuchitika mu nthawi ikubwera.
Kuthirira ndi feteleza
Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, cordilina amafunika kuthirira wambiri, nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Chachikulu ndichakuti musachite mopambanitsa komanso osalola madzi kuti asungunuke. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumakhala katatu pa sabata. Mu nthawi yozizira, amachepetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata.
Cordilin amafunika kudyetsedwa chaka chonse. Nthawi yakula, pafupipafupi feteleza amakhala katatu mpaka kanayi pamwezi. Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe apamwamba kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi.
Feteleza wopangidwa kuti azikongoletsa ndi zomera zotheka kukhala ngati feteleza. Ndikofunika kupereka zokonda ndalama zamadzimadzi mawonekedwe.
Kuswana
Kufalitsa kwa Shrub kumachitika:
- ndi mbewu;
- kudula;
- magawidwe a nthiti.
Njira zonsezi sizovuta, koma kudula kumatchuka kwambiri.
Kudula
Pofalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito zodulidwa, ndikofunikira kutenga zofunikira kubzala kuchokera pakati kapena pamwamba pa chingwe. Ngati ndizitali kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kugawa magawo angapo, aliyense azikhala ndi masamba 3-4.
Kupitilira apo ndikufunika kutsatira malangizo awa:
- mphika umadzazidwa ndi dothi loyenera kukula kwa cordilina;
- Mizu yazitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito - pamenepa, chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa + 28 ° C;
- mwezi wonsewo, kudula kumafufutidwa kuchokera mfuti yakufinya, ndipo nthaka ndikuthirira madzi mosamala;
- ikadzakhala nthawi yodziwika, mbewu zokhazikitsidwa zimasinthidwa ndikukhala mumphika wokhazikika.
Mbewu
Ngati zingwe za maluwa zitulutsa maluwa posachedwa, nthangala zikaonekera, mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati chodzala.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti njira yobala iyi ndi yoyenera kwa mitundu yoyambirira yokha. Zophatikiza sangathe kubzala kudzera mu mbewu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu ndi njira yotengera nthawi. Mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera pokhapokha miyezi 1-2. Ngati nkotheka kudula chomera, ndibwino kuti mupange njira iyi yobzala.
Zomera:
- Bzalani mbeu m'nthaka yomwe yakonzedwa monga mwambowo. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pakadutsa masentimita 1-2.
- Pakangotha miyezi 1-2, dikirani kuti maonekedwe atumphukire.
- Masamba ang'onoang'ono atatu ngati atatu akuwonekera pamwamba pa nthaka, dzalani mbande.
Mbewu zimapezeka kumalo ogulitsira. Mtengo wa zidutswa 5 ndi ma ruble 50. Kukula kumayamba kumayambiriro kwa Marichi.
Mizu yazogawa
Wofalitsa caciline wogwiritsa ntchito ma rhizomes amayenera kukhala magawo ndi gawo:
- Gawani nthiti.
- Chotsani mizu.
- Magawo oti aike mumphika umodzi kapena pallet.
- Muzu kwa miyezi 1.5.
- Masamba oyamba kapena shtamb akaonekera, dzalani ma rhizomeswo mumtsuko wina.
Kapangidwe ka dothi kali kofanana ndikumadzula.
Matenda, tizirombo
Cordilin ndi chimodzi mwazomera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa iye ndi kuvunda kwamizu, koma ngati dothi lothilitsidwa musanabzalidwe, izi zitha kupewedwa.
Pakati pa tizirombo owopsa ku colilina, nsabwe za m'masamba, kupindika, nthabwala ndi akangaude ndizodzipatula. Kuwongolera kwa tizilombo izi kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Zolakwika pakuchoka
Mukamasamalira cordilina, zolakwika zotsatirazi ziyenera kupewedwa:
- Kuwonetsedwa ndi dzuwa. Kukhazikika kwakanthawi mumsewu, makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo, sikuvulaza mbewu. Koma masanawa, muyenera kuteteza ku radiation ya ultraviolet, chifukwa ngakhale kulumikizana mwachidule kumayambitsa kuyaka.
- Kuperewera kwa feteleza. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yoyipa, ndipo izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Kutsirira kolakwika. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumachepetsedwa; nthawi yotentha, imachuluka. Kupindika kwa masamba kumawonetsa dothi lokhazikika, kufewetsa kwambiri ndi chizindikiro kuti cordiline rots.
- Kusamalira mchipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma. Masamba ayenera kunyowa ndi botolo la utsi. Ndibwino kwambiri ngati nyumbayo ili ndi chinyezi chapadera.
- Kutentha kosasintha. Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kuloledwa kusintha ndi oposa 10 ° C tsiku lonse. Kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa m'chipinda.
| Zolakwika | Chifukwa | Kuwongolera |
| Kuchotsera tsamba lamasamba. | Kuwala koyipa. | Sunthani pafupi ndi zenera. |
| Kukundula ndi kugwa kwamasamba. | Chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono. | Chepetsani chinyezi cha mpweya komanso kuthirira pafupipafupi. Apatseni kutentha omasuka kuti mukule. |
| Mdima ndi kupindika kwa masamba. | Kusiyana kotentha. | Ikani maluwa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kumakhazikika masana ndi usiku. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kale akuti: Cordilina - mtengo wa mwayi
Chomera chimathandizira kuti pakhale kutentha m'nyumba, chimachepetsa mphamvu. Chitsamba chimalangizidwa kuti chiziikidwa m'chipinda momwe alendo amabwera pafupipafupi, popeza ngakhale munthu wochezeka kwambiri amaphwanya gawo loyambira la biofields. Amatsenga a cordilina amabwera chifukwa amakulolani kukhalabe ndi nyumba yabwino, ndikuchotsa kuchepa kwa alendo. Ngakhale eni ake omwe samakhulupirira zamatsenga amaonetsetsa kuti pambuyo pocheza nthawi yayitali samatopa.
Mtengowo umayeretsa mpweya ndikuwongolera, motero, ndikofunikira kokha ngati ana azaka za sukulu kapena achikulire omwe ali ndi malingaliro ovuta amakhala m'nyumba.
