Ambiri wamaluwa omwe amamera tomato, amakondwera momwe angamerekere phwetekere "Bull Heart" panja.
Tidzakambirana pamodzi ndi inu zenizeni zokulitsa zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa.
Mukudziwa? Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1600, phwetekere linabwera ku Ulaya. Kwa nthawi yaitali, tomato ankaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta komanso oopsa. Olima m'munda wa ku Europe anawathandiza kukhala chomera chodabwitsa.
Ubwino ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana
Zinyama zili ndi zizindikiro zake komanso mphamvu zomwe mungathe kuziwerenga.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana idakonda okonza munda chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:
- Zipatso zazikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi 150-200 g (zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana ndi tomato zakuda ndizolemba, zipatso zake zimafika pamtunda wa 500-600 g).
- Pamwamba zokolola za tomato. Mudzalandira makilogalamu okwana 4 kuchokera ku chitsamba (mu greenhouses, 10-12 kg makilogalamu a tomato akukololedwa kuchokera ku chomera).
- Kukoma kwa kukoma. Chizindikiro cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukhalapo kwazing'ono zamadzi mu chipatso, chifukwa cha zomwe zimawoneka zokoma kwambiri pa kukoma.
- Kutalika tchire. Kutalika kwa chitsamba kumatha kukula kwa anthu (160-170 cm).
- Kupezeka kwa subspecies ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Timapeza subspecies angapo za "Bull Heart", zomwe zipatso zake zili ndi mtundu wachikasu, wa pinki, woyera ndi wakuda.
Motero, phwetekere "smoothie" ndi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi thupi lalitali, lokwezeka, zipatso zokoma kwambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo zimapereka zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Muzinthu zosiyanasiyanazi, zipatso zazikuluzikulu zipsere m'munsi mwazitsamba, pafupi ndi nthaka. Choncho, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti tomato samakhudza nthaka, kuti asale zowola.
Momwe mungabzalidwe mbande mutseguka
Yolondola komanso yoyenera kubzala mbande - chinsinsi chokolola bwino. Choncho, timalongosola mfundo zazikulu zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira tikamadzala tomato wachonde pamalo otseguka.
Timalimbikitsa mosamala kusankha mbande, zokongola, poyamba, zomera zazing'ono zimatha kupereka zokolola zochepa. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa makina, omwe mmerawu "umadyetsa" mwini wake.
Maganizo obzala mbande mutseguka
Kwa mbande sizowonongeka, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yoyenera kubzala phwetekere "Mtima wa Bull."
Mbande anayamba kudzala kumapeto kwa May - oyambirira June. M'mbuyomu (tsiku loyamba lifika) liyenera kuchitidwa ndi Fitosporin-M. Malangizo amafunika kutsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo zenizeni.
Ngati mvula imakhala yozizira kapena yamkuntho, ndi bwino kuyembekezera pang'ono pofika. Kubzala mwamsanga mvula isanakonzedwe, ngati mizu ya zomera ingavunda.
Mukudziwa? Choyamba chophika cha mbale ya phwetekere chinasindikizidwa mu cookbook ku Naples mu 1692, ndipo wolembayo anatchula kuti chiyambi ichi chinali ku Spain.
Nthaka feteleza musanadzalemo
Posakhalitsa, timadziwa kuti Bull Heart Tomato imakonda dothi lopanda ndale kapena lachilendo pang'ono (pamtunda wa 6.0 - 6.5 pH).
Popeza tomato amakonda kukula pa gawo lapansi lomwe lili ndi zinthu zambiri, feteleza ndiloyenera. Musanafike pa 1 lalikulu. M. 8-10 makilogalamu a humus kapena kompositi ndi 10 g wa feteleza a nayitrogeni. Pakufika, ½ tsp imayikidwa bwino. feteleza "Urgas".
Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumalo ano kugwa, kuchuluka kwa preplant supplementation kungakhale kosawerengeka.
Ndondomeko ndi kuya kwake
Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi thupi lokongola kwambiri, ndiyenera kumamatira ku chiwembu china chodyetsera kuti tchire tisagwedezane.
Anabzala mu 4 zomera pa 1 lalikulu. M., kutsatira ndondomeko ya 40x50 cm. Pogwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe ameneŵa, mudzasunga tchire ku matenda ambiri omwe amawoneka panthawi yolima kwambiri.
Mukafika pamtunda, tchire timabisidwa ku masamba a cotyledon, ndikubisa pafupifupi 1/3 ya kutalika kwake.
Izi zimachitidwa kuti mizu yowonjezera ioneke pa tsinde ndipo chomera chimakula mofulumira.
Kubzala kumachitika kotero kuti chomeracho chinakula pambali mpaka kummwera.
Kusamalira tomato pakukula
Mutatha kupanga malo abwino, ndi bwino kusamalira kuthirira ndi kutentha kwa nthaka. Komanso mu nthawi yomanga chithandizo cha tchire la phwetekere.
Choyenera kukhala kuthirira
Imwani tomato wochuluka mukamapanga mwanayo. Pa nthawi yomweyi muyenera kumwa kuti chinyezi chisagwere pa masamba. Kuchokera pazimenezi zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungus (kutentha kwa mlengalenga kumabweretsa matenda). Kwa ulimi wothirira madzi otentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito!
Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuwerengedweratu mosamala, ngati simungathe kuwononga zomera, kuyambira pachiyambi komanso nthawi ya chipatso.
Mukatsanulira mbande za phwetekere, ziyamba kutambasula ndi kuphulika. Pachifukwa ichi, thunthu silikhala ndi nthawi yokonzera, ndipo chomeracho chimatha chifukwa cha kulemera kwake.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi chinyezi chochulukira komanso kutentha, mphukira imayamba kukula mwamphamvu kuwononga fruiting.
Kulephera kapena kupitirira kwa chinyezi kumatha kudziwika ndi mtundu wa masamba a phwetekere: masamba aubweya wobiriwira wakuda - kusowa chinyezi; masambawa ndi obiriwira - kupitirira kwa chinyezi.
Choncho, kuthirira kosayenera kungalepheretse kudya ndi kukondana kwa mbeu.
Kuphimba mulingo ndi kuvala pamwamba
Amaluwa ambiri amasangalala ndi zomwe mukufunikira kudyetsa phwetekere "Bull Heart" komanso momwe mungabweretse mulch kuti mukolole bwino.
Matimati "Bull Heart" pa nyengoyi idyetsa katatu. Gulu loyamba la subcortex likuchitika mu masiku 19-20 mutabzala mbande. Yachiwiri - masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu (19-20) atatha yoyamba, panthawi ya chipangidwe cha zipatso.
Mu mawonekedwe a fetereza amapanga chakudya chamadzi. Pochita izi, 10 malita a madzi amatenga 15 g wa fetereza fetereza, 25 g wa nayitrogeni ndi 40 g ya phosphate. Pakutha koyambirira kwa fetereza ndi motere: 10 malita pa tchire 15. Ndichiwiri kudya - 10 malita pa tchire 7.
Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha vertex, zomera zimatulutsa ndi mankhwala a calcium nitrate kamodzi pa sabata. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo pakukula kwa chipatso.
Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza youma omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kanjira (5 g ya nayitrogeni ndi 10 g ya phosphate pa 1 sq. M.).
Ndikofunikira! Owonjezera nayitrogeni feteleza amatsogolera kudzala matenda ndi kugwa kwa mazira.
Taganizirani momwe kusowa kwa feteleza kumakhudza mtundu wa masamba. Ndi kusowa potaziyamu masamba otupitsa, malire owuma amawoneka pa iwo. Kupanda nayitrogeni - masamba amakhala osakanizika ndi grayish tinge.
Ngati phwetekere ndi phwetekere, ndiye mbali yotsalira ya masamba imakhala yofiira. Iwo amakanikizidwa ku thunthu ndi kuwuka. Ndi kusowa kwa magnesium masamba amajambula mu marble.
Manyowa agwiritsidwa ntchito - panopa mungathe kuyika nthaka.
Mankhwala a tomato amafunikira chifukwa china:
- kusunga chinyezi pansi;
- kuti achotse namsongole;
- kuteteza mizu ku kutentha kapena hypothermia;
- Tomato sagwirizana ndi nthaka.
Choncho, mulch amachita ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi, choncho imayenera kuikidwa pansi pa tchire la tomato.
Mu mawonekedwe a mulch, mungagwiritse ntchito zipangizo zambiri: filimu yakuda / yoyera / yoyera, makatoni, peat, utuchi, udzu ndi agrofibre.
Sungani mchenga mutangobzala mbande, kuyika zinthu kuti zisagwirizane ndi tsinde. Asanayambe kuyika nthaka ayenera kuthira (koma osati zambiri) ndi kumasula.
Ndikofunikira! Nthaka ikadzazembedwa ndi utuchi ndi makungwa a mitengo ya coniferous, feteleza feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo osanjikizidwa kuti aziphimbidwa ndi mulch, chifukwa zipangizozi zimachotsa nayitrojeni m'nthaka pakuwonongeka.Kumapeto kwa nyengoyi, mchere umayikidwa m'munda, umakhala ngati fetereza pa mbeu zotsatirazi.
Mapangidwe abwino a tchire
Kuti apange tchire "Bull Heart" ingakhale mu mapesi 1 kapena 2. Kuti apange 2 zimayambira, kuwonjezera pa yaikulu, amasiya imodzi - kuchokera mwana woyamba kubadwa.
Ana onse obereka ana ndi masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa, popeza mphukira zambiri - m'munsimu zokolola (makamaka, padzakhala zipatso zambiri, koma zidzakhala zochepa).
Muyeneranso kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha maburashi ndi zipatso pa chomera chimodzi mpaka zidutswa 8. Kotero inu mumapeza tomato wamkulu kwambiri ndi okoma.
Matimati wa phwetekere garter
Garter baka ndiloledwa, ngati tchire wamtali sungakhoze kupirira kulemera kwa zipatso zapansi ndi kupuma (kapena "kugona pansi"), kenako mbeu yonse idzavunda mwadzidzidzi.
Garter baka umachita maluwa, atangoyamba kumangiriza zipatso. Nkhumba 180-190 masentimita mu msinkhu ndi 3-4 masentimita wandiweyani amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chithandizo (chithandizo chingakhale chotsika, malingana ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba).
Chomeracho chimangirizidwa ku chithandizo ndi chingwe. Ngati mawindo a waya akuthandizira, samalani kuti chipatsocho chimadutsa mumayenje ake.
Malamulo a kucha ndi kukolola
"Mtima wa Bull" ndi phwetekere yowonjezera, kuyambira masiku 70 mpaka 80 kudutsa mukubzala mbande kuti ikolole. Kukolola kumachitika monga kucha kwa tomato (monga zipatso zopitirira mwamsanga sizikhala zopanda phindu).
Ndikofunikira! Mitedza yonse (ngakhale kamwana) iyenera kukololedwa mpaka kutentha kwa usiku kudumpha pansi pa 8 ° C.Kukolola zipatso kumapangidwa nyengo yotentha, youma. Pachifukwa ichi, zipatso zosonkhanitsa ziyenera kukhala zouma, mwinamwake pakapita kanthawi ziyamba kuvunda.
Ngati mwasankha tomato wosapsa, mungathe zipatso zakucha. Kuchita izi, zipatso zobiriwira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa + 10-12˚С ndi chinyezi pafupifupi 80%.
Pa nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kufufuza nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa tomato wovunda. Kuti muzipangidwe mofulumira, kutentha kumakwera kufika 21-24˚С. Pansi pa zinthu izi, zipatso zimapsa mu sabata.
Ngati kucha kuchachitika mu chipinda chowala, chipatso chidzakhala ndi mthunzi wowala kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa chipinda chokhwima amafunika kuwunikira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso za phwetekere "Mtima wa Bull"
Popeza chipatso chili ndi kukula kwakukulu, ndizosatheka kuyambitsa izo kuti zisungidwe. Choncho, saladi, timadziti ndi ketchup zimapangidwa kuchokera mmenemo. Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kokoma, timadziti ta tomato timafanana ndi zipatso.
Tomato a zosiyanasiyanazi si zokoma zokha, komanso amathanzi. "Mtima wa Bull" uli ndi potassium, ayodini, phosphorous, mavitamini B1, B2, B6. Imakhalanso ndi vitamini A ndi C. C. Zimakhala ndi serotonin - hormone ya chimwemwe. Chifukwa cha izi, tomato amasintha maganizo.
Madzi a phwetekere amalembedwa mwa mawonekedwe a zakudya zoyenera m'thupi, matenda a mtima, komanso matenda a m'mimba.
Tomato "Mtima wa Bull" ndi woyenera kwa omwe amatsatira zakudya. Mbewu iyi ndi yotsika kwambiri, ndipo chromium ndi gawo la izo zimapereka kumverera kokwanira.
Choncho, simungokhala ndi zamasamba zokoma zokha, komanso malo osungiramo mavitamini ndi mchere omwe ndi ofunikira kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Tomato sayenera kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa matenda a nyamakazi, gout, matenda a impso chifukwa cha oxalic acid mwa iwo, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mchere wamchere wa madzi.Tomato "Mtima wa Bull" unayamba kukondana ndi wamaluwa osati chifukwa cha zokolola zawo, komanso chifukwa chokoma kwambiri komanso wathanzi. Mukamatsatira malangizo, mumatha kukhala ndi zitsamba zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zimakupatsani zipatso zokoma.
