Chomera ichi chimatchedwa gusmania. Ili ndi dzina lake polemekeza katswiri wazamanyama waku Spain A. Guzman, yemwe adapezeka ku South America. Duwa adamupeza mu 1802 paphiri. Tsopano mbewuyo imakhazikika pakhomo. Chofunikira kwambiri cha maluwa ndikuti chisamaliro choyenera chimamasula nthawi yayitali - masabata awiri. Mphukira imawoneka ngati chulu; itatha maluwa, imafa.
Kodi nthawi yoti duwa litha maluwa ndi liti?
Kubzala mumphika watsopano kumachitika kamodzi kokha - atagula, kuti apange zinthu zabwino kuti zikule ndikukula kwa guzmania komanso kuti isavutitsenso. Nthawi zina, ana okha ndi omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kunyumba kuti athe kubereka.
Mitundu ya maluwa
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kusinthira mbewu mosamala ndikusinthitsa kuchokera kumalo am'mbuyomu ndikukhala mumphika watsopano. Ndikofunika kuti musunge dothi loumbira kuzungulira mizu momwe mungathere, popeza mizu ya mbewu ndiyofewera komanso yosalimba.
Momwe mungafalitsire guzmania
Kukhala ngati dimba kumatha kuchitika chomera chikadzazimiririka. Kuzungulira maziko, nthambi zamtundu (ana) zimapangidwa pomwe mizu yake imawonekera. Mizu itangofika mu 1.5 cm, mphukira imayenera kudulidwa ndi chida chakuthwa kwambiri ndipo odulidwa azichitira mitundu yam'munda kapena kaboni wosankhidwa. Kusiyanitsa kwachiwiri ndi kubereka ndi mbewu.
Mizu yazomera
Guzmania - Thirani
Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani chomera nthawi iliyonse. Koma ndikwabwino kuti musankhe m'miyezi yophukira yachaka kuti mbewuyo itheke pachilimwe.
Zingachitike ndi chiyani ngati ana sanamangidwe
Mbewu yamchiberekero itayamba maluwa ndipo ana atapangidwa, kufa kwa chomera chachikulu kumayamba. Muyenera kudikirira mpaka litoma, ndikuchichotsa, ndipo ana azika mizu m'mphika womwe ulipo, ngati kukula kwake kuloleredwa.
Imfa ya chomera
Kukonzekera kosintha
Kuphatikiza pa kugula mphika, musanaikemo, muyenera kukonza mbewuyo mosamala ndikukonzekera dothi.
Kusankha kwa mphika
Kufunika kwakukulu kumathandiza kuti chitsamba chisatembenuke, chifukwa kumtunda kumatha kulemera kuposa gawo lotsika pakapita nthawi. Kuya kwa mphikawo sikuyenera kupitirira 12 cm, ndipo mainchesiwo azikhala mpaka 15 cm, kutanthauza kuti otsika koma kwakukulu amatha. Okuya mozama, kumakhala kwakukulu mwayi wakuwonongeka kwa nthaka, pomwe mizu yake singafikire.
Kukonzekera kwa mapaipi
Drainage ndi 1/3 ya mphika wonse. Amathandizira kuyamwa chinyezi chambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dongo lowonjezera, malasha kuchokera ku mitengo, polystyrene kapena kusakaniza kwa zinthu izi.
Manda
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito malasha ambiri, amakhala ngati othandizira matenda opatsirana. Miphika yotsalawo ndiyofunika kukhala ndi nyemba zosankhuka, peat kapena mtengo wakale, chifukwa ndiwo malo okhala a duwa.
Chithandizo chomera
Poika mbewu yachikale, muyenera kuchotsa mizu yakale, youma kapena yowonongeka ndikupanga malo odula. Mizu ya ana yomwe imalekanitsidwa ndi chomera chachikulu imathandizidwa bwino ndi chowonjezera chomera.
Momwe mungayikitsire guzmania kunyumba
Pofuna kuti zonga zitha kupita mwachangu komanso popanda mavuto, muyenera kukonzekereratu zonse zomwe zingakhale zofunikira:
- mpeni wakuthwa, wothamangitsidwa ndi mowa;
- tsamba lamapewa;
- kukula;
- mphika.
Kuti ndikwaniritse chomera chachikulu, chimatsukidwa ndi mizu yakale. Kenako zimasunthira pansi ndikuumitsa pang'ono. Guzmania imasinthidwa ku chidebe chatsopano ndipo nthaka yatsopano imawonjezeredwa.
Thirani mbewu
Momwe mungasulire ana a guzmania:
- Patulani ana mosamala ndi chomera chachikulu ndi mpeni.
- Asuntseni pepala ndikulola kuti ziume kwa ola limodzi.
- Thirani madzi osanjikiza pansi pa mphika mu 1/3 ya buku lonse. Finyirani pamwamba ndi dothi laling'ono ndikukhazikitsa tumphuka tating'ono pakati.
- Fatsani mizu mosamala ndikuphimba ndi nthaka yonse yokonzedwa mpaka mizu itaphimbidwa kwathunthu.
- Pendekera, koma osathirira nthaka, koma pang'ono pang'ono utsi kuchokera pa mfuti yokula.
Tcherani khutu! Nthaka singathe kuthiridwa kuti mizu itha kuzolowera malo okhala ndipo siziwonongeka kumayambiriro.
Zotsatira zabwino, ana amafunika kuti abzalidwe mumphika wosiyana ndi dothi la ma orchid. Iikeni mu chipinda chotentha ndikuphimba ndi polyethylene kuti mupange chinyezi chowonjezera.
Kusamalira mbewu mutathilira
Kuti ntchitoyi ipereke chifukwa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chisamaliro chofunikira pambuyo pothira guzmania.
Malo ndi zomwe zili
M'nyengo yozizira, masika, chipindacho sichikhala chopanda kutentha 21 madigiri, chinyezi - osatsika kuposa 60%. Mphikawo uyenera kuyikidwa kutali ndi chowongolera mwachindunji ndi gwero lamoto. M'nyengo yotentha ndi yophukira, mmera umafunikira kutentha kwa + 20 ... +25 madigiri, chinyezi - kuchokera 65 mpaka 80%. Dzuwa mwachindunji sizifikira guzmania pokhapokha nkhomaliro. Kuti muchotse chinyezi pamlingo woyenera, ikani mphikayo pachimake ndi moss wonyowa.
Momwe mungamwere ndi kuthira manyowa
Madzi ayenera kusefa ndi kutentha kwa firiji. Kutsirira sikuchitika pansi, koma mkati mwa chomeracho. Ngati nthawi yomweyo madzi amatsalira mkati mwake, ayenera kuthiridwa kapena kunyowa ndi chopukutira. Popewa kuvunda, nthawi yotentha, kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika kawiri pa tsiku, nthawi yozizira nthawi 1 pa sabata ndikokwanira.
Momwe mungamwere madzi guzmania
Gusmania safuna feteleza, popeza momwe dothi limapangidwira kale amazidyetsa. Koma mutha kupanga zovala zapamwamba kuti mupitirize maluwa. Zina mwazinthu zilizonse zomwe zasankhidwa ziyenera kusungunuka m'madzi.
Tcherani khutu! Mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa maulendo anayi kuchokera pazomwe zikuwonetsedwa pamaphukusi.
Kuswana
Pali njira ziwiri zoberekera maluwa - ndi njere ndi njira zopatukana. Chomera chimakhala ndi zaka 3, ndipo mukamagula chomera chachikulire muyenera kukonzekera kuti posachedwa chifota. Panthawi imeneyi, zidzakhala zofunikira kufalitsa guzmania mothandizidwa ndi ana. Kubala ndi mbewu ndi ntchito yopweteka kwambiri.
Zolakwika
Kuti mukwaniritse maluwa chomera chatsopano ndikukulitsa zina, yang'anani zolakwika zomwe zingatheke:
- Chomera sichimaphuka. Ana akapanda kukongoletsa maluwa atabereka, zikutanthauza kuti palibe kuwala kokwanira ndipo chipindacho sichikhala chokwanira kokwanira.
- Kuvunda. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kuchepetsa kuthilira ndi kuthirira.
- Imfa ya ana. Mtengowo ukangofalikira, maluwa amatha kufota ndikuuma. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kutentha m'chipindacho, ziyenera kukwaniritsa izi pamwambapa.
- Guzmania imazirala mwachangu. Chifukwa - pamene kuthirira, chinyezi anakhalabe pamakhala. Njira yothetsera vutoli - nthawi ya maluwa, muyenera kuthirira nthaka.
- Kuthawa kukukula pang'onopang'ono. Zimatengera mtundu wamadzi. Iyenera kukhala yotentha ndi kusefa.
- Matendawa. Zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati magawo sanakonzedwe pakubzala.
- Kuyanika mbewuzo. Izi zimachitika ngati muzu usanapangidwebe nthawi yopanga.
- Malangizo a masamba awuma. Ichi ndichizindikiro cha kuwuma kwamwezi mchipindacho. Pambuyo poika ana, amafunikira kuwaza nthawi zambiri.
Malangizo a masamba oma pa duwa
Izi ndizowongolera zofunikira kwambiri posamalira guzmania. Popewa matenda ndi kufa kwa maluwa, ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, mudzakulanso mbewuzo mpaka mutapeza zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeka.
