Jamu ndi chitsamba chaching'ono chofika kutalika kwa mita imodzi. Itha kupezeka kuthengo m'nkhalango komanso ngati mbewu yolimidwa m'minda yamaluwa. Gawo lodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwakanema kowonda pa nthambi. Masamba amakhala ozungulira kapena owoneka ndi mtima, mpaka 6 cm, yokutidwa ndi fluff yaying'ono. Limamasula kwamtundu wobiriwira kapena wofiirira mu Meyi.
Zipatso - zipatso zowonda kapena zozungulira mpaka 12-15 mm kutalika, nthawi zina zimafika 30 mm. Wophimbidwa ndi bristles kapena opanda, mitsempha imawoneka pakhungu lowonekera. Utoto ukakhwima umayamba kubiriwira, wachikasu, kenako ndi tint yofiirira. Nthawi yakucha ndi Julayi-August.
Mtengowo udzagulidwa mchaka kapena nthawi yophukira, nthawi zambiri amasankha nyengo yomaliza, Seputembera-Okutobala. Zifukwa zake ndi kuti masamba amagwa, Kukula kumachepera ndipo madzi otumphukira amayima, muzu wakula mwamphamvu chilimwe, zitsamba zacha. Kukonzekera kwa chomera nyengo yachisanu kwatayamba kale, ndipo, popeza kumakhala kovuta, kumasunthira malo atsopano. Nthawi yabwino yogwira ntchito ndi nyengo yamitambo.
Gooseberries amathanso kuwaika mu April, koma osavomerezeka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti iye ndiye woyamba kudzuka m'mundamo. Ngati impso zidawonekera pa iye, ndiye kuti kuyamwa kwayamba, ndipo mizu idakhala ndi moyo. Kuyambitsa kufalikira panthawiyi, mizu imatha kuwonongeka, ndikuchepetsa kupulumuka. Nyengo ya masika imasinthasintha, kutentha sikokhazikika, chifukwa chake mutha kudumpha kudzutsidwa.
Kuika chilimwe kumachitika pokhapokha ngati mukufunikira kumasula dera lomwe jamu limamera.
Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kumuika?
Kuphatikizira kwa jamu kungafunike mu zotsatirazi:
- Chomera chimakula kwanthawi yayitali m'malo amodzi, zokolola ndizofooka kapena sizipezeka.
- Pamalo ano, kusintha kwa malowa, malo ena, malo ogona, ndi zomangamanga akukonzekera.
- Panafunika kubzala mbewu.
- Shrub shaded ndi mitengo ina.
- Gooseberries amakula mumthunzi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuzungulira, nthawi zambiri kudwala.
- Dziko lozungulira chomera lidatha.
Ikani masiku ndi dera
Chikhalidwe chimakula ku Russia konse, kum'mwera kwa Ukraine, Crimea. Nthawi yopatsirana zimatengera malowa:
- Madera a kumpoto kwa Urals ndi Siberia: ngati nyengo ili yabwino - koyambirira kwa Seputembara, oyipa - Ogasiti.
- Crimea, kumwera kwa Ukraine - kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala mpaka pakati pa Novembala.
- Dera la Moscow - kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.
- Dziko Lopanda Black - October.
Zida
Musanagwire ntchito, muyenera kukonzekera zida ndi zida zoteteza:
- fosholo, pitchfork;
- secateurs kapena lumo wokhala ndi ma hand m'manja atali;
- nkhwangwa (kuchotsa mizu yakuda);
- chidebe;
- magolovesi akuda.
Kusankha malo ndikukonzekera
Kusankhidwa kwa malo obzala ndikofunikira kwambiri, kukula ndi zipatso za gooseberries zimatengera izi. Ichi ndi mbewu yoyendera dzuwa ndipo imamva bwino kwambiri m'malo otenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa, mutatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi kukonzekera, mutha kudzala khoma kapena mpanda.
Ngakhale mbewuyo imakonda chinyezi, iyenera kuthiriridwa kuti madzi asasunthike m'malo obisika. Kupanda kutero, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus chifukwa chinyezi zambiri.
Imakula bwino panthaka yoyera, ngati dothi lotayirira limasungunuka ndi dongo, dothi lolemera limawonjezeredwa ndi mchenga. Mbewuyo imapereka mbewu yabwino pamtunda wakuda. Ndi dothi lokhazikika, laimu, ufa wa dolomite umawonjezeredwa. Asanaikidwe, malowo amakumbidwa bwino, namsongole amachotsedwa.
Gooseberries sanabzalidwe m'malo omwe currants ndi raspberries adakula kale. Dziko pamenepo watopa, wosabereka komanso wadwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Malangizo pang'onopang'ono
Malo oika ndi kukonzedweratu. Sabata kapena kupitiratu kusanachitike kuthengo, kukumba. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mmera usathe kulowa pansi nthawi yayitali. Mulingo wake ukhale wofanana ndi kukula kwa mizu, kuya - mpaka 50 cm.
Malangizo pang'onopang'ono:
- Asanayambe kukumba chitsamba, nthambi zakale zimadulidwa, zazing'ono komanso zazitali zimafupikitsidwa, ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.
- Gwiritsani ntchito ma secateurs omwe ali ndi maudindo autali odulira mitengo. Ngati pali nthambi zambiri pachitsamba, zimadulidwa, zolimba ndi kucha zimasiyidwa.
- Amakumba lapansi pafupifupi, mainchesi 40, motero ndikofunikira kuti chitsamba chake chizikhala chosavuta.
- Kukumba chitsamba ndi fosholo.
- Mizu yolimba imadulidwa ndi nkhwangwa; ing'onoing'ono imasiyidwa osagwira.
- Dothi lonse limakwezedwa ndi pitchfork, yosunthidwa mosamala ku kanema popanda kuwononga mizu.
- Gawo loyamba la dzenjelo ndi ngalande, mwina miyala yotsekera, njerwa yosweka.
- Onjezani nthaka yachonde yosakanikirana ndi humus, kompositi, zonsezi ziyenera kukhala za yunifolomu, kotero kuti mizu yake sivuta.
- Madzi amathiridwa m'dzenjemo, zidebe za 3-4, akuyembekezera mpaka kumezedwa, mmera umayikidwa pakati pa dzenje, wokutidwa ndi dothi.
- Khosi lozika silidapendeke pang'ono, pafupifupi 6-8 masentimita pansi pa nthaka. Madzi amakakamizidwa ndikuthiridwanso, ndikudzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi, lopakidwa mpaka dzenje lidzaze ndi dothi.
- Imakutidwa ndi mulch pamwambapa, wosanjikiza ayenera kukhala 5-10 masentimita pamwamba pamtunda. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala pansi ndikuwongolera.
Kusamalira bwino chisanu chisanayambe kumathandizira kuti chomera chizika mizu m'malo atsopano. Kamodzi pa sabata amathiridwa madzi, mulch isanachotsedwe, kenako nkugona m'malo mwake. Sawdust imagwiritsidwanso ntchito, nthawi yozizira amateteza mizu kuti isazizidwe, kenako nkukhala feteleza. Ngati chitsamba chidapulumuka nyengo yozizira, nyengo yotsatira padzakhala zokolola zabwino.
Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi
Gooseberries ndiwosachedwa, chifukwa muyenera kusangowerenga luso lokakamiza, komanso njira zopewera kuti musavulazidwe. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwira magulovu amtundu wambiri.
Zolakwika zomwe zingachitike ndi zotsatira zake
Nthawi zina wamaluwa, poganiza za jamu ngati chomera, samatsatira kwambiri malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito, mosasamala kanthu kuti akuchitika mu kugwa kapena kasupe:
- Chitsamba chokulirapo sichimera bwino popanda dothi, kuti mizu yake izikumbidwa ndi dothi lokwanira.
- Opulumuka pazomera amawonjezera mizu yazomera. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwakonzedwa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito podzala kapena kufesa. Kornevin wofala kwambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati biostimulator kuti apititse patsogolo kupulumuka kwa mizu yofooka.
- Kuthira gooseberries m'malo atsopano, nthawi zambiri amathiriridwa ndi madzi ozizira. Nthawi yomweyo, akudandaula kuti chitsamba chomwechi chidabzala motsatira nthawi yoyikiratu, chidapatsidwa chisamaliro chokhazikika, kuthirira nthawi yake, koma chomeracho chimafa. Kutentha koyenera kwa mtengowo kumachokera ku +18 mpaka +25 madigiri, madzi ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kapena kuchokera pampopi, ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitsime.
Ngati kuwonjezedwa kwa gooseberries kumachitika molondola, ndikuwona momwe zinagwidwira, komanso chisamaliro chowonjezereka, mtengowo udzuza bwino ndipo posakhalitsa udzapereka zipatso zambiri.
