Mtengo wa Plumeria ndi wa banja la Kutrovye, limakula pazilumba za m'nyanja ya Pacific Ocean. Maluwa a Plumeria ndi zonunkhira zokhala ndi citrus, jasmine ndi gardenia. Lero tikuphunzira momwe tingakulire ndikusamalira plumeria kunyumba.
Pangani zinthu zabwino pa plumeria m'nyumba
Chinthu choyamba kusamalira mutatha kugula mtengo ndi malo abwino kwambiri omwe kukula, chitukuko ndi chikhalidwe chonse cha zomera zimadalira mwachindunji.
Kuunikira
Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu, chipinda cha plumeria chimaloleza mwangwiro kuwala kwa dzuwa. Chomeracho chimakondweretsa kuwala kuti chikhoza kusunthira ku malo a dzuwa ndipo chimachoka kwa maora asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri.
Ndikofunikira! Mutatha kugula duwa, mukufunikira masiku angapo kuti musinthe, malinga ngati plumeria idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano, sizingakonzedwe kuti muziyiyika pambali.Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa, ndiye kuti plumeria iyenera kuikidwa kumbali ya kumwera. Ngakhale masana a masana, chomeracho sichifuna shading, kotero simungakhoze kudandaula za kutentha kwa dzuwa. Poika duwa kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo, onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chimalandira kuwala kokwanira, mwinamwake maluwa sadzakhala osowa kwambiri komanso osakhala ochulukirapo.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta ochokera ku plumeria mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu cosmetology ndipo ali ndi anti-yotupa, antioxidant ndi regenerating zotsatira pa khungu.
Poyankha funso lakuti n'chifukwa chiyani plumeria sichiphulika, ndi bwino kunena kuti pamene chomeracho chikaikidwa kumpoto kapena kutali ndi zenera, icho chimasiya kuphulika, chifukwa chimakhala kuti palibe nyengo yabwino yochitira maluwa.
Kutentha
Kutentha kumayenera kudandaula ngati mumakhala kumpoto. Kunyumba plumeria kumakhala bwino pamapweya otentha + 17-25 ° C. M'chilimwe, chomeracho chikhoza kutulutsidwa kumsewu, koma malo amtendere ayenera kusankhidwa, popeza plumeria imasautsika kwambiri kuchokera pazithunzi.
Malangizo Othandizira Pakhomo
Polimbana ndi zifukwa zazikulu za mtengo, tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe tingamerere plumeria ndi zomwe zomera zikufunikira maluwa.
Monstera, tradescania, dracaena, yucca, chomera cha mphira, m'nyumba ya boxwood, zamiokulkas, coleus, sansevieria, katsitsumzukwa, benjamina ficus, chipinda cha euonymus chidzathandiza kukhazikitsa ulesi wa kunyumba.
Kuthirira
Plumeria imayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse kuti ipange zozizira. Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti chomera sichimalepheretsa kuyanika kunja kwa nthaka kapena chinyezi chochulukira, kotero kuthirira kumakhala kosalekeza, koma osati kokwanira.
Madzi kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa ndipo poto liume. M'chilimwe, plumeria imathiriridwa nthawi zambiri, koma ndi madzi ang'onoang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kwafupika, kusunga nthaka yonyowa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Plumeria pakukula kumafuna chinyezi chakuya, chomwe chimapindulidwa ndi kupopera mbewu masamba pa botolo. Ndikofunika kupopera m'mawa ndi madzulo kuti madzuwa asatenthe masamba a mtengo.
Ndikofunikira! Pulezidenti atangoyamba kuphulika, kupopera mbewu kuchokera ku botolo kumatulutsidwa ndi mtundu wina wa chinyezi (umayikidwa mu beseni ndi mchere wothira kapena udothi wambiri), chifukwa maluwawo salola kuti chinyezi chizikhala.
Kupaka pamwamba
Chomeracho chikusowa chakudya chowonjezerapo, popeza ngakhale nthaka yochuluka kwambiri yatha posachedwapa. Mukhoza kuthira mtengo m'njira ziwiri: kujambula chovala pamwamba kapena kuthirira ndi kuwonjezera pa feteleza zofunika. Dyetsani plumeria kuyamba nthawi yopumula.
Masamba oyamba atangoyamba kuonekera pa chomera, idyani chakudya chophatikizapo feteleza. Mtengo ukatha kusonkhanitsa masamba obiriwira, yambani kupanga feteleza okhala ndi maluwa. Zovala zapamwamba zimapangidwa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Ndikofunikira! Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mu feteleza, chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kungawononge maluwa.Kugwa, chiwerengero cha kuvala chachepetsedwa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira sikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza iliyonse.
Kudulira
Plumeria imafuna kudulira pambuyo pa nthawi yopumula. Choyamba, muli ndi mwayi wopanga korona wofunika, ndipo kachiwiri, chotsani nthambi zonse zouma, matenda ndi owonongeka. Kudulira kumakhudza mwachindunji maluwa, monga mtengo sungathe kutaya mphamvu pa mphukira zofooka. Choncho, kusiya njirayi sikofunika.
Masamba atsopano atangoyamba kuonekera pa plumeria, timadula mphukira zonse zokhudzana ndi maluĊµa. Ndikhulupirire, simungapweteke chomera, ngakhale mutadula theka la gawolo. Komabe, kuti muzitha kudulira mphukira zathanzi sizothandiza, apo ayi plumeria imayamba kuvulaza.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mu nthawi yochepa
Plumeria m'nyengo yozizira imakhala ngati "hibernation", yomwe, malingana ndi zamoyo, imatha masabata atatu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi. Chomeracho chimatulutsa masamba ena akale, n'kusiya masamba obiriwira. Panthawiyi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, feteleza sizimachitika, ndipo chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikusiya dothi pang'ono lonyowa.
Ngati mukufuna kupanga chokongoletsera choyambirira pa malo alionse, mukhoza kupanga florarium - wowonjezera wowonjezera kutentha, kubzala mu fern, fittonia, arrowroot, dieffenbachia, calathea, croath, moss, orchid, violet, cyclamen, rhododendron, cacti, achinyamata, agave, aloe , havortiu, Kalanchoe.
Musadandaule ngati plumeria idzapuma kwa milungu yoposa sikisi. Chilichonse chimadalira zikhalidwe za mmera ndi zomera zokha, choncho mtengo uliwonse nthawi imeneyi ndiyekha. Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti panthawiyi plumeria safunikira kusamukira kumdima kapena kuikidwa. Zochita zoterezi zinamupweteka iye.
Kusintha malamulo
Mitengo yaling'ono ya plumeria imafuna kuika mu mphika watsopano chaka chilichonse, okalamba zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Pali vuto lochepa poika zomera - kudalira kukula kwa korona pa kukula kwa mizu. Pambuyo pa kusindikiza kulikonse, mizu imayamba kukula m'phika lalikulu, ndipo korona ikukula mofanana ndi iyo.
Ndipo zoona zake n'zakuti mtengo wawung'ono m'zaka khumi ndi ziwiri ukhoza kukhala mtengo weniweni, womwe udzayamba "kukweza" denga m'nyumba kapena nyumba. Pofuna kuletsa kukula kwa plumeria, muyenera kuchepetsa rhizome ndi 3-5 masentimita panthawi yotsatira.
Izi ziyenera kuchitika osati kale kwambiri kuposa chaka chachitatu kapena chachinai, pamene chomeracho ndi champhamvu ndipo sichimawonongeke kwambiri kuchokera ku kudulira. Kuwombera kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, mtengowo ukasiya dziko la mpumulo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mwakhala ndi mtengo wamphumphu womwe sungathe kuzilowetsamo mumphika wina, ndiye kuti mutenge m'malo mwa pamwamba pa nthaka.Malo atsopano a plumeria ali ndi zigawo zingapo: kuthira pansi, peat, humus ndi mchenga mu chiĊµerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1. Musanadzaze kusakaniza pansi, onetsetsani kuti mutha kuthira madzi (dothi, miyala yamwala, miyala yophwanyika bwino).
Zingatheke kukula: matenda ndi tizirombo
Mwamwayi, tizilombo limodzi "lotchuka" limagunda plumeria - kangaude. Nkhumba ya kangaude imakhala ndi kamera kakang'ono kamene kamakhudza zomera zokha.
Zitha kukhala zojambula mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana (zoyera, zobiriwira, zofiira ndi zosakaniza za mitundu iyi). Ali ndi kukula kosapitirira 0,6mm, kotero zimakhala zovuta kuona tizilombo. "Ntchito" ya plumeria yokhala ndi kangaude ikhoza kudziwika ndi zotsatirazi:
- madontho oyera pa masamba;
- Tsamba lakuda pa zomera (zofanana ndi intaneti ya kangaude "kunyumba");
- masamba amayamba kuyera.
Nkhumba zimayambitsa zowonongeka kwa zomera, chifukwa zimadyetsa zomwe zili mu maselo (imamwa juzi). Ngati nkhupakupa ikuwonjezeka kuzinthu zofunika, ndiye kuti plumeria idzafa.
Plumeria ikhoza kukula mu njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi cuttings.
Mayendedwe:
- Sungani mbali zam'mlengalenga ndi madzi sosa (kugwiritsa ntchito sopo).
- Timachita zambiri madzi okwanira ndi kuphimba ndi masiku atatu a polyethylene. Kwa malo otentha, zinthu ngati zimenezi zimakhala zokondweretsa, ndipo nkhupakupa idzafa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Apollo, Borneo, Envidor, Oberon, Fitoverm. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati njira yomaliza, monga chimbudzi chilichonse m'nyumba, choyamba, chimakuvutitsani inu ndi ziweto zanu.
Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za matenda. Matenda onse omwe angawonekere mmunda - chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mutangopanga zinthu zabwino pa plumeria, mavuto adzatha. Kukula kwa plumeria kunayima, masambawo anasanduka achikasu ndipo anakhala opusa. Mavuto oterewa amapezeka ngati chomeracho chimakhala chinyezi. Mukangoyamba kuthira nthaka nthawi, mtengowo udzachira. 
Plumeria inayamba kuvunda. Monga momwe mungaganizire, chomeracho chikuvunda kuchokera mu chinyezi. Ngati ndondomekoyi isayambe, ndizotheka kuimitsa kwa masiku angapo. Ngati hafu ya mbewuyo yayamba kale kuvunda, nthawi yomweyo chotsani plumeria mu mphika, dulani mbali zovunda za mizu ndi mbali zamlengalenga, mudzaze nthaka yatsopano ndi zomera.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa a Plumeria amakopa tizilombo, koma amakhumudwa. Amawombera maluwa pofunafuna timadzi tokoma, zomwe sizili maluwa a plumeria.
Toxicity Plumeria: zodziletsa
Pamene mukudulira ndi kuika plumeria mumphika watsopano, nkoyenera kukhala osamala, monga chomeracho chimakhala chakupha. Ngati mukumana ndi mucous membranes (pakamwa, maso, mphuno) kapena khungu, tsambani malo okhudzidwa mwamsanga ndi madzi.
Kutaya kwa mtengo kumayambitsa kuyaka, kutentha ndi kuyabwa, kotero muyenera kuyika duwa m'malo osatheka kwa ana ndi nyama.
Ndikofunikira! Kuyamitsa zomera sizowopsa kwambiri poyambitsa kusanza, kuwonongeka kwa thupi, kapena mavuto ena akuluakulu.
Kufotokozera mitundu ya plumeria
Tinaphunzira kukula ndi plumeria, ndi mtundu wanji wa zomera komanso momwe zilili poizoni. Tsopano mumapatsidwa mitundu iwiri ya mitengo ndi malingaliro awo.
White plumeria
Malingana ndi dzina la mitundu, zomera izi ziri ndi mtundu woyera wa maluwa. Mtengo wa chilengedwe umakula kufika mamita 10, kotero iwe usamapereke malo owonjezera ku mizu. Masambawa ndi ofanana, amakhala ndi masentimita 30. Maluwawo si aakulu, ndipo amakhala ndi masentimita 2.5.
Mtundu uwu wa plumeria umakula mu Antilles, chisamaliro sichisiyana ndi mitundu ina ya nkhuni.
Plumeria wofiira
Ma plumeria osiyanasiyana omwe amamera ku Mexico ndi Venezuela. Mbali yomwe ili pamwambayi ikukula mamita asanu, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa kusiyana koyera. Masamba ali ofanana ndi dzira, amakula kutalika mpaka 50 cm, m'lifupi - mpaka 15 masentimita. Mapesi a maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mumphuno, maluwa amakhala ndi masentimita 5. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana: kuchokera ku pinki yofiira mpaka yofiira komanso yoyera.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a masamba.Mbewu yanu yokhalamo mkati mukhoza kubwereranso ndi plumeria - chomera chabwino chomwe chingakhoze kuikidwa kumbali ya kumwera kwa chipindacho. Mtengo si wokongola chabe, komanso umatulutsa mpweya ndi mpweya. Tinaonetsetsa kuti n'zosavuta kusamalira plumeria, choncho mtengo wokongola wa tropical sungatenge nthawi yambiri.
