Cissus ndi nthumwi ya dziko lapansi kuchokera ku banja la Vinogradovy (liana). Malo obadwira a ivy ndi kontinenti ya Africa, madera a South America, Australia.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi 4 metres. Makapu omwera ndi tinyanga amakulolani kuti musunthike molimba mtima moyandikana ndi malo oyandikana nawo. Mizu yake ndi yopanda mphamvu ndipo sikukula. Mtundu ndi wobiriwira wopepuka. Maluwa - maburashi a tint wobiriwira, mutatha kupukutira, zipatso zakuda kapena zofiira zimawonekera.
Mitundu ya cissus ndi yosiyana kwambiri. Anthu okhala m'malo owuma amakhala ndi tsinde komanso makulidwe akuluakulu.
Mawonedwe anyumba
Zinthu zopitilira 350 ndizodziwika. Mitundu ina imatha kudyedwa kunyumba.
| Onani | Feature |
| Rhomboid. | Dzinali lidayamba chifukwa cha masamba. Umodzi mu zipatso. |
| Arctic (Antarctic cissus). | Imasanduka yobiriwira chaka chonse, masamba owoneka ngati mawonekedwe. Maluwa ake ndi achikasu. |
| Chibetete. | Anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Akuwombera m'mimba mwake mwa dongosolo la sentimita ndi theka. Chilichonse chomwe atenga, chikukula mwachangu, koma pang'onopang'ono. |
| Helen Danica. | Ma sheet a rhomboid owala. |
| Mitundu yambiri. | Mitsempha yasiliva ndi burgundy. Zambiri zomwe masamba amagwa nthawi yozizira. |
| Ozungulira. | Kunja, zikuwoneka kuti ndizakutidwa ndi sera (gleamu). |
| Zosemedwa. | Ili ndi masamba ang'ono kwambiri ndi zipatso za mtundu wakuda. |
Zikhalidwe zakunyumba
| Nyengo | Malo | Kutentha | Kuwala | Chinyezi |
| Kasupe | Kumpoto, makoma akumadzulo, mapanga amkati, pakati pa chipindacho. | Yapakatikati - + 22ºº. | Chowala pang'ono. | Chinyezi chofunikira ndi pafupifupi 60%. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse. |
| Chilimwe | Kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, kumatha kutengedwera kunja kupita kumalo amthunzi. Chachikulu ndichakuti pali chidebe chamadzi pafupi. | Analimbikitsa + 25ºС. | Kuwala kowala, koma samalani ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. | Kuthanso komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse madzi. |
| Yophukira | Malo aliwonse m'chipindacho angachite. | Yapakatikati - +22º. Antarctic - +12, Mitundu yambiri - + 16ºС. | Yabwino, yabalalika. | Kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi. |
| Zima | Kutali kuchokera pazokonzekera. | + 16-18ºС. | Kuwala kowala. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira kowonjezereka, popeza maola masana ndi afupiafupi. | Chinyezi chapakati ndi 50%. Kuwaza - kasanu pa sabata. |
Dothi, kufalikira, kudulira
Mitundu ya Antarctic ndi diamondi imakula bwino nyengo zathu:
- Dothi. Kubzala mphesa yokongoletsera chipinda si vuto - palibe zofunika zapansi.
- Monga mphesa zokhazikika, kasidi amafunikira kudulira nthawi. Ndikofunikira kuwona nthambi zomwe zimataya masamba - kuchotsa masamba amphukira. Chifukwa cha kufupikitsidwa kwa zimayitali zazitali, ndizotheka kupanga mawonekedwe apadera okongoletsa.
- Mphesa zosapsa zimabzulidwa kamodzi pa zaka zitatu, mmera wachinyamata - kamodzi pachaka. Izi zimachitika bwino mchaka. Ndikofunikira kutulutsa duwa ndi muzu mosamala, kuti mbali ina ya dziko lapansi ikhalebe. Potola zowola pamizu (transshipment), sinthani dothi. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa mizu “mwa diso” ndi kuyika mbewuyo mumphika wabwino.
Kuthirira
Liana limanyowetsa mpweya, motero, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chinyezi nthawi zonse. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumasinthidwa ngati pakufunika. Monga maluwa aliwonse amkati, chinyezi chowonjezera chimatha kuvunda mizu.
Ngati chomera chikasanduka chikasu, thirirani madzi ambiri. Ngati nthambi ziuma ndipo zisanachitike musanachoke masamba, chifukwa chake ndikukula.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera feteleza masabata angapo aliwonse kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe. Mu nthawi yotsalira - kamodzi pamwezi.
Ngati mawanga a bulauni atawoneka pamtengowo, muyenera kumuthira manyowa ndi phosphorous. Ngati, pazifukwa zina zosadziwika, a liana adayamba kutaya mtundu wake wachilengedwe, kenako adyetse ndi feteleza wa mchere.
Mukamakonza zosakaniza zadothi, muyenera kuwonjezera chidutswa cha humus ndi dongosolo loyikira pansi pa mphika wa miyala ing'onoing'ono. Ngati tizirombo tili ndi vuto la cissus, koyambirira kudzakhala kokwanira kuwaza ndi adyo kapena malalanje.
Kuswana
Chomera chimafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito kudula. Chachikulu ndichakuti mphukirayo imayenera kukhala ndi masamba ndipo muyenera kuyiyika kwakanthawi m'madzi (mpaka tidzafike maudzu achichepere).
Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lofanana (monga chomera chachikulu). Njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta kwambiri yoganizira za kubereka panthawi yomwe mukupanga shrub yayikulu. Mmera watsopano umasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi waukulu wopanda zowononga muzu.
Muyenera kubzala m'miphika yosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze kuti muzu wanu ndi wolimba komanso wowombera wathanzi. Kuberekanso pogwiritsa ntchito njere ndikosavuta, koma njira yotere ndiyotheka. Chovuta chachikulu ndikusasinthasintha kwa mbeu. Njira zingapo zofunika pano:
- Thankiyo imadzaza ndi ngalande komanso dothi lapansi.
- Mbewu sizimafesedwa ngati kaloti, koma zomwazika ndi dothi loonda padziko lapansi ndikuzikakamiza ndi chala.
- Pakufunika muyenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuti muzisungunulira nthanga yake komanso dothi lenilenilo.
- Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, mbewu zimakutidwa ndi galasi. Kutentha kwa chipinda - madigiri +25.
- Simuyenera kuyembekezera kuti mphukira tsiku lotsatira - njirayi ikhoza kupitirira mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
- Masamba angapo akaonekera pa duwa, ofooka amachotsedwa.
- Atalimbikitsa mbande, amayamba kubzala.
Zolakwika pakuchoka
| Vutoli | Chifukwa | Kuwongolera |
| Malangizo a masamba owuma, masamba ake amawerama. | Chinyezi chosakwanira, mbewuyo imazizira. | Nthawi zambiri utsi umera, nthawi yozizira sungani kutali ndi batri, chitofu, poyatsira moto, koma m'malo abwino otentha. |
| Masamba amatembenuka, kusandulika bulauni, nkhungu imawoneka. | Madzi onyowetsa kapena kuwononga nthaka. | Kukhetsa pafupipafupi, osachulukitsa. |
| Masamba amataya mtundu, mawanga amawonekera. | Ivy wayimirira pambali dzuwa. | Sinthaninso chomeracho, monga kuwunika mwachindunji kumaphetsa. Ngati yayima pafupi ndi zenera - kuzungulira ngodya kapena mumangirirani chitseko chake. Kuunikira kokumba kumayenera kusintha nthawi. |
| Masamba amakhala okhathamira ndi kupindika. | Nthaka sinanyowa mokwanira. | Musalole kuti dothi liume, nthawi zonse muzithirira madzi. |
| Spot pansi pa korona. | Kuyanika kwamphamvu kwa dziko lapansi. | Kuchulukitsa kuthirira. |
| Kuwonongeka kwa masamba kosayembekezereka. | Zojambula zowonjezera kapena hypothermia. | Ikani chitsamba pamalo abwino komanso abwino. |
Tizilombo ndi matenda
| Tizilombo | Zizindikiro | Njira zolimbana |
| Chotchinga. |
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| Ma nsabwe. |
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| Spider mite. |
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Zizindikiro ndi katundu wochiritsa
Cissus ndi mlendo wokhala ndi masamba anayi pamalowa. Zimatulutsa ma microparticles omwe amapha ma bacteria osati mlengalenga, komanso m'thupi la munthu. Amathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba, pomwe amateteza tinthu tosiyanasiyana.
Kuphatikiza apo, liana limatenga mphamvu yonse yotuluka kukhoma, mafupawo, omwe amawononga machitidwe ndi chikhalidwe chonse. Pali chikhulupiriro chakuti maluwa ochokera kubanja la mpesa ndi gule la mtsikana.
