Mtengo wa kanjedza wa Liviston ndi wa kanjedza kapena banja la areca. Chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira, chomwe chimakhala kumayiko a ku Africa, East Asia, Australia ndi Oceania. Ngakhale kuti izi zimayambira kumadera otentha, zomerazi zimakonda kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, ndipo chifukwa chake n'choyenera. Masamba omwe amafalikira, omwe amafalikira a chomera chokongoletsera, amawathandiza komanso amatsitsimutsa mkati mwake.
Zina mwa ubwino wa mitengo ya kanjedza zikhoza kutchedwa mphamvu yake yakuyeretsa bwino mpweya mu chipinda.
Kufotokozera
Kumtchire, mtengo wamtengo wa kanjedza umakafika mamita 20-25 m'litali, koma nyumbayo imakula mpaka mamita 1.5-2. Chimafalikira, mpaka masentimita 100 m'mimba mwake, masamba ofanana ndi mawonekedwe, omwe amasiyana ndi wobiriwira wakuda wobiriwira, wobiriwira, wofiira, 3/4.
Mu chilengedwe, amakonda chonyowa, mathithi, nkhalango, amakula pafupi ndi madzi, pafupi ndi nyanja. Anagawira ku Malaysia, New Guinea, Polynesia. 
Kusiyanitsa kudzichepetsa ndi kukula mofulumira. Ngati pali malo okwanira m'chipinda, mtengo wa kanjedza ukhoza kukula chifukwa cha masamba atsopano, popanda kuwonjezera thunthu. Paka chaka amatha kupanga masamba atatu atsopano. Ali ndi zaka zitatu, chomeracho ndi chokongoletsera, chomwe chinadziwika ndi wamaluwa.
Pamwamba pamadzi amatchedwa Lord of Livinstone, Patrick Murray, yemwe anali wokonda kwambiri zomera ndipo adapatsa munda wake zamoyo zoposa 1,000. M'chilengedwe, pali mitundu 36 ya mitengo ya palmani ya Liviston, yomwe imakonda kwambiri kum'mwera, yozungulira, rotundifolia ndi Chinese.
Mukudziwa? Mawu omveka bwino akuti "mpikisano wa kanjedza" sanawoneke mwadzidzidzi. Kalekale, mtengo wamtengo wa kanjedza unali ngati mtengo wopatulika, chizindikiro cha mtendere ndi chigonjetso, ndipo anali wofanana ndi nsonga ya laurel. Kale ku Greece, othamanga omwe adapambana mpikisano adapatsidwa nthambi ya kanjedza. Palibe zodabwitsa ngakhale mulungu wamkazi wa chigonjetso, Nick, anawonetsedwa ndi chikhalidwe choterocho mmanja mwake.
Kukula
Palm Liviston amasiyanitsa mosiyana, luso labwino, kusintha kwa chisamaliro komanso kukula mofulumira. Mlendo wokhala otentha akhoza kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kugula ku sitolo, ndiye tiwone zonse ziwiri. 
Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungamerere hamedorea, palm palm, yucca, hovey Foster, Belmore, cicas, chrysalidocarpus, pandanus, dracaena, pachipodium, cordilina kunyumba.
Kubzala nthaka ya kanjedza
Nthaka (peat substrate), yomwe zomera zimagulitsidwa, sizili zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosatha, chifukwa chomera chotsopano chiyenera kuikidwa. Nthawi yomweyo mutagula, musamachite izi - pitirizani kusungira kwaokha milungu itatu, kuti mtengo wa kanjedza ukwaniritse, kugwiritsanso ntchito microclimate komanso kusautsika kwambiri pamene mukuwombera.
Kubzala mu mphika wosatha, konzani:
- nthaka ya mitengo ya kanjedza (yogulitsidwa m'masitolo a maluwa);
- mphika (simungathe kutenga chomera chachikulu, chomera kukula, ndi mabowo abwino a madzi);
- haydite, miyala yaying'ono kapena gawo lina la madzi;
- potaziyamu permanganate.
Zochita zowonongeka:- Choyamba, idyani madziwo kuti achepetse nthaka.
- Kenaka, chotsani mosamalitsa kuchokera mumphika, kuikamo m'chotsamo ndi madzi ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate, kotero kuti mcherewo umachepetsedwere ndipo umatetezedwa.
- Sambani mizu ya zotsalira za dziko lapansi.
- Konzani dothi: mungagwiritse ntchito kugula nthaka yokonzekera mitengo ya kanjedza kapena kukonzekera ku mchenga, kompositi ndi nthaka.
- Ikani dothi lalikulu ndi dothi la masentimita 4-5 pansi pa thanki ndikudzaza pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
- Kenaka muyenera kufalitsa mizu ndikuyamba kuwawaza ndi dziko lapansi. Pakuyenera kukhala masentimita atatu pakati pa mphika ndi pamwamba pa nthaka. Palibe chifukwa chokhalira pafupi ndi mbiya.
Phunzirani momwe mungamerekere Hamedorei, palm palm, yucca, dracaena.
Momwe mungakulire kuchokera ku mbewu
Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi muyenera kukonzekera:
- mbewu;
- mabanki ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mabowo;
- kukulunga pulasitiki;
- pansi
Mbewu ndi yoyenera kubzala chaka chimodzi mutatha kukolola. Ndibwino kuti mupite kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira komanso kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pofuna kuthamanga mbande, choyamba muyenera kuyendetsa njirayi - kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolo cha mbeu ndi thupi kuti mupeze msanga msanga. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi makina (chinthu chovuta), kutenthetsa (pozizira ndi kuzizira ndi madzi otentha), mankhwala (kutulutsa mbewu mu asidi yankho) njira. Kenaka, mbewu ziyenera kulowera maola 48 m'madzi ofunda.Phunzirani zambiri za njira zothandizira njira zothandizira.Kukonzekera nthaka mofanana, sakanizani perlite, vermiculite ndi tsamba lapansi. Kutentha kwa dothi kukhale kotentha, mpaka + 30 ° C, m'pofunika kudyetsa nthaka mochuluka. Zitsulozi ziyenera kudzazidwa kuti m'mphepete mwake ndi 1.5 masentimita. Pambuyo mukamatuluka, imbani nyemba 1 masentimita pansi, pezani ndi filimu ndi malo pamalo okwanira okwanira. Pakutha miyezi 1-4, mphukira idzaonekera. Firimuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo matanki ayenera kuwombera kwa ola limodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Sitingalole kuti nthaka iume m'nyengo ya kukula kwa mbeu. Nkofunikanso kuti musayambe kuidya ndi chinyezi, mwinamwake mbewuzo zivunda.
Ndizotheka kubzala mbeuyo kukhala chidebe chokhazikika pamene mbeu ikufika pa 2-4 masentimita. Pakumera, nkofunika kuthana ndi mizu mwakuyikira, ndikusiya dziko lonse lapansi. Chomeracho chizoloŵezi cha kutentha kwa pansi pa filimuyo, chifukwa chochotsa mofulumira icho sichiri choyenera. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera nthawi popanda pogona tsiku lililonse: kwa maola awiri, ndiye kwa maola atatu, kufika pa tsiku.Chisamaliro
Kusamalira chomera cha ku tropical kumaphatikizapo mbali zotsatirazi:
- Kuunikira Palm Liviston amakonda kuwala kosavuta, chifukwa zimayenera kupereka malo ounikiridwa kwambiri m'nyumba. Ngati chakudya chamasana pa dzuwa chimadutsa dzuwa kugwa, ndi bwino kudzala chomeracho. Kuti mofanana azipanga korona, nthawi zonse amasinthasintha mtengo wa kanjedza.
- Kutentha M'chilimwe, zomera zimatha kukhala kunja. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kugwera m'munsimu + 8 ° C, ndibwino kwambiri kutentha kutentha + kufika 15 ° C.
- Kuthirira ndi kusungunula. Kukula koyenera ndikofunika kwambiri dothi ndi mpweya. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera nthawi zonse. Ngati mulibe madzi okwanira, masambawo amauma, ndipo ngati zowonjezereka, mizu imavunda. Choncho, ndi bwino kuyika chomera pamtambo. Ndikofunika kuthirira madzi ofunda, otentha. Ngati madzi asungunuka pakhomo, nthawi ina pambuyo kuthirira, madzi ayenera kuthiridwa. Sungani mpweya umene mukuufuna kuchokera pa utsi. Mukhozanso kupukuta masamba ndi siponji yonyowa.
- Mbewu. Mtedza wa Liviston uli ndi chinthu chosazolowereka - nsonga za masamba ake nthawi zonse zimakhala zowuma komanso zachikasu. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha mbeu, ngakhale mosamala. Chifukwa cha kusadziŵa za izi, olima maluwa osadziŵa zambiri amayamba kuchotsa nsonga zowuma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino. Malangizo sayenera kudula. Ndikofunikira kuti muthe masamba onse owuma ndipo mutangotsala pang'ono kudula.
- Kupaka pamwamba. M'mwezi wamasika ndi chilimwe, pamwamba kuvala kumachitika 3-4 nthawi pamwezi. Kudyetsa zomera, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ku mitengo ya kanjedza. Nkofunikanso, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, kuwonjezera mavalidwe a foliar. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti nkofunikira kuti muyambe kudyetsa mizu komanso kudyetsa foliar nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Palm Liviston imayankha bwino kwa feteleza olemera amchere, mwachitsanzo, "Bambo mtundu." Njira zikhoza kubweretsedwanso kunthaka, ndi kupopera. Chiwerengero ndi ichi: madzi okwanira 1 litre amafunika 1 capu ya mchere madzi, m'nyengo yozizira mchere umachepetsedwa kawiri (2 l madzi ndi kapu imodzi ya feteleza). Kugwiritsa ntchito kunja, ndondomekoyi idzakhala yotsika: 1 kapu ya 3 malita a madzi. Mungagwiritse ntchito zipangizo kuchokera kwa opanga ena ("Loren", "Pokon"), yokonzedwera kwa mitengo ya kanjedza. Awuzeni iwo molingana ndi malangizo.
- Zima M'nyengo yozizira, mgwalangwa wa Liviston uyenera kuikidwa pamalo okongola kwambiri m'nyumba, kutentha kumayenera kukhala mkati mwa 15-16 ° С, kumwa madzi ayenera kuchepetsedwa nthawi imodzi pa sabata, ndipo chiwerengero cha kuvala chiyenera kuchepetsedwa nthawi imodzi pa mwezi. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzipinda m'chipindacho ndi zomera.
- Kuyeretsa chomera. Mwezi uliwonse, masamba a pakhomo amafunika kupukutidwa (otsukidwa) ndi siponji yonyowa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusunga pansi pa masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi malo okwanira: ngati masamba apuma pakhoma, mawindo, kapena zinthu zina, kukula kwawo kungachedwe kapena kuima kwathunthu.
Kuwaza
Mosiyana ndi zomera zambiri zakumunda, chikondwerero cha Liviston chimafunika kusuntha zaka zingapo. Ndibwino kuti mudziwe kufunika kwa ndondomeko molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu: ngati mizu yakula pamphika, palibe malo okwanira, ayamba kuwonetseredwa pamabowo kapena m'mayenje - malo okhala "malo" ambiri akuyenera kuperekedwa kuchipatala. Ndi nthawi yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri kukwaniritsa kuziika kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Nthaka yophikira imakonzedwa kuchokera ku zigawo zotsatirazi:
- tsamba lapansi - magawo awiri;
- Dziko la sod - magawo awiri;
- peat - gawo limodzi;
- manyowa ovunda - gawo limodzi;
- mchenga - gawo limodzi;
- odzaza makala amoto.
Pambuyo pokonzekera dothi, mukhoza kupita ku ndondomeko yowonjezera: - Chomeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi scapula, kuyesera kuchoka pansi pa mizu.
- Mizu yovunda iyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Mitengo iyenera kuperekedwa ndi phula la munda, otsala mizu, ngati n'kotheka, musakhudze.
- Monga mphika watsopano musankhe mphamvu zakuya, zomwe zimakhala bwino mwakuthupi, mizu yamphamvu ya chomeracho. Pangani ngalande yapamwamba pansi pa mphika wa 3-4 masentimita wothira dothi kapena zidothi.
- Thirani pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi kuti muphimbe ngalande, mosamala kuyika mizu m'mphete, kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi ndikunyamula pang'ono.
- Mutabzala, chomeracho chiyenera kusungunuka.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti mlingo wa pansi pa mtengo wa chomera umagwirizana mu mphika watsopano.
Njira zoberekera
Chifukwa chakuti mtengo wa kanjedza umakula ndi thunthu limodzi, palibe njira yofalitsira zomera. Choncho, lalikirani mbewu izi. Koma izo zikuchitikabe kuti zotsatizana zimapangidwa pa protruding mizu. Ndiye mukhoza kuyesa kufalitsa mtengo wa kanjedza ndi ana, ngakhale kuti iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yopambana kwambiri.
Pezani zomwe zomera zikulimbikitsidwa ku maofesi, malo odyera, zipinda zam'chipinda, mipanda.Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti mutagula mu mphika umodzi mukhoza kupeza mitengo yaying'ono yazing'ono, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti mubzale m'mitsuko yambiri. Momwe mungakonzekere malo okhala:
- Dulani pansi ndikuchotsani mitengo ikuluikulu ndi mizu.
- Dulani mizu mwanjira iliyonse! Ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri ndi zala zanu, kuyesera kusokoneza dziko lozungulira iwo.
- Mizu yowonongeka imayenera kudzoza munda wamaluwa.
- Ikani zitsamba m'zitsime, musayambe.
- Fukuta ndi nthaka ndi moisten.
Kuti mukhale ndi kukongola kozizira kuchokera ku mbewu, mukhoza kutsatira njira yomwe tatchula pamwambapa. Mukhoza kugula mbewu pamsika kapena m'masitolo akuluakulu a m'munda. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti posungira mbeu, kutentha kumakhala patsinde + 15 ° C, mwinamwake mbewuzo zidzatayika, ndipo ndalama zanu ndi nthawi zanu zidzawonongeka.Ngakhale opanga amasonyeza kuti alumali moyo wa mbewu ndi zaka zingapo, ndibwino kuti mutenge zinthu zatsopano. Ngati mbeuyo yasungidwa nthawi yaitali, nthawiyo ikukula.
Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zangwiro, popanda kuwonongeka, ndi nyongolosi mkati, mtundu umene umasiyana ndi woyera mpaka wachikasu. Mtundu wa chigoba cha mbewuyo udzakhala wosiyana kwa magulu onse a mavitamini, kuchokera ku beige wofiira.
Mukudziwa? M'zaka za m'ma 60 zapitazo, pofufuza za mfumu ya Yuda Herode, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza mbewu za kanjedza zomwe zinali zaka zoposa 2,000. Patapita zaka 50, mu 2005, asayansi anayesa kukula mitengo kuchokera kwa iwo. Pambuyo pokonzekera mosamala, mbuto imodzi ya mbewu zitatu idatuluka, yomwe inatcha dzina lake Metusela. Lero, mtengo wa kanjedza ukula kufika mamita 2!
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda ambiri mu mtengo wa mgwalangwa wa Liviston amayamba chifukwa chosayenera. Zizindikiro ndi njira zothetsera matenda ofala kwambiri:
- Shchitovka. Amasonyezedwa ndi mabala a bulauni pamasamba, omwe amakula kukula, owuma ndi kutaya tsamba. Pang'onopang'ono masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, kupiringa, ndi zomera zimamwalira. Njira zothandizirazi zimaphatikizapo kuthamanga nthawi zonse, chipinda cha mlengalenga ndi kuyang'ana masamba. Mukapeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tifufuzani mosamala zomera zonse mnyumbamo ndikudzipatula. Pogwiritsa ntchito thonje pothyoledwa ndi madzi soapy, chotsani tizilombo, tilani tchire ndi tizilombo monga mwa malangizo: "Aktellik", "Phosbecid", "Aktara".
- Kangaude mite Ichi ndi tizilombo toyipa kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, nkhuku imadyetsa zomera zowonongeka, imathandizanso kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kulimbana ndi tizilomboti ndi kotalika komanso kolemetsa. Nkhuku ikhoza kudziwika ndi kupezeka kwa madontho ang'onoang'ono oyera m'munsi mwa masamba, webusaiti yabwino ndi masango a nkhuku. Pofuna kuteteza kufunika kokhala ndi chinyezi chofunikira. Ngati chomeracho chikukhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale mphika, saucer ndi zenera zowonongeka zidzafunika kukonzedwa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga acaricides: Apollo, Borneo, Akarin, Fitoverm.
- Mealybugs Dzina lotchuka la tizirombo ndi nsabwe. Zizindikiro zazikulu za kuwonongeka zikuphatikizapo: chovala choyera cha vatoobrazny, kukhuthala kwazakumwa ndi maonekedwe a soyayi. Kupewa matendawa sikutheka kuteteza zomera kuti zisawonongeke, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chipinda chamagulu, kupukuta masamba ndi kuwasunga. Ngati mukudwala matenda a mealybugs, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala awa: Aktara, Konfidor, Tanrek. Musanayambe kupopera mbewu, muyenera kuchotsa mboziyo pamanja ndi pulogalamu ya thonje yoviikidwa m'madzi asopo.
- Kukula kwa tsamba laling'ono, kukula kochepa. Chifukwa chake chingakhale kusowa kwa kuwala komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ziyenera kukumbukira kuti pamene kutentha kumatsikira ku 18 ° C, kukula kumachepetsanso.
- Chlorosis (chikasu) cha masamba. Chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala kuphwanya malire a asidi. Ndikofunika kukonza pH ya nthaka, kupanga chakudya cha foliar.
- Kujambula nsonga zofiira. Kuyambira kuvala ayenera kuthetsa zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi fluorine.
- Mawanga a masamba achikasu ndi ofiira, okometsera. Zimayambitsa kuwala kwambiri kapena madzi okwanira.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta kanjedza, tsiku, dracaena, yucca, hovey.
Kuoneka kwa kanjedza ya Liviston kumatha kuyambanso ndi kuwonjezera zolemba zowoneka kunja, kusintha ndondomeko ya mkati, ndi kuwutsitsimutsa. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wopatsa malo okwanira omwe akukhala m'mayiko otentha, adzakondwera ndi kukongola kwake kodabwitsa!
