Posankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato, ambiri amaluwa ndi wamaluwa amamvetsera mtundu wa mbewu ndi kuchuluka kwake, kusadzichepetsa kwa mbewu ku nthaka, ndi zina zotero. "Bear's paw", adzatha kukula zipatso zokoma komanso zokoma popanda mavuto. M'nkhani ino tidzalongosola mwatsatanetsatane za maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu ya phwetekere "Bear Paw", komanso momwe mungakulitsire chikhalidwe chanu nokha m'dzikolo.
Kufotokozera ndi Zochitika
Izi zosiyanasiyana za tomato zimakhala ndi zobiriwira za tchire zomwe zimabala masamba. Ndi chifukwa cha mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a chitsamba ndipo amatchedwa dzina lake. Kutalika kwa chitsamba cha phwetekere "Bear's paw" chimatha kusiyana pakati pa 100 ndi 200 masentimita, zomwe zimakhala zochititsa chidwi ndi zikhalidwe za agronomic. Zipatso za tomato zazikulu, mdima wofiira, pang'ono. Kuchuluka kwake kwa chipatso ndi 300-500 g, koma zitsanzo zina zimafika 800-900 g. Masamba a tomato ndi wandiweyani, minofu, ndi kukoma kodabwitsa. Ngati zokololazo zikukula malinga ndi luso lamakono, zokololazo zidzakhala zapamwamba kwambiri. Pakati pa chitsamba chimodzi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa tomato 8 mpaka 12, ndipo izi ndi pafupifupi 2-3.5 makilogalamu.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yamaluwa monga nkhaka, chimanga, nyemba ndi kabichi zimaonedwa kuti ndizobwino zisanachitike.
"Bear's paw" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakumapeto. Zipatso zoyamba za tomato zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kale masiku 112-118 mutabzala. Chomeracho chimalolera nthaka yowonjezereka nthawi zambiri, choncho, m'nyengo yam'nyengo ya chilimwe, panthawi yozizira, imatha kukula popanda mavuto popanda ulimi wothirira. Chitsamba Choyaka "Zolemba za Bear's" chimapanga phesi lalitali ziwiri, lomwe liyenera kumangirizidwa. Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi kuyenda bwino komanso makhalidwe abwino.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Monga mitundu yonse ya tomato, "Bear's Paw" ili ndi mbali zabwino komanso zoipa.
Zotsatira
Akatswiri amadziwa ubwino waukulu uwu wa tomato zosiyanasiyana:
- Zosiyanasiyana ndi majini otetezedwa ku chilala ndi kutentha, choncho safuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza;
- Odyetsa asamalira kukaniza kwa mbewu iyi ku matenda akulu, kotero ndi chisamaliro choyenera, samawoneka konse;
- Zipatso ndi zazikulu, zosiyana ndi mtundu wowala komanso makhalidwe abwino;
- Kukolola kwapamwamba mu ofanana ndi kilogalamu;
- Kukoma kwabwino kwa chipatso.
Wotsutsa
Zowopsya za Bear Paw zosiyanasiyana sizili zosiyana poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya phwetekere:
- Zitsamba zazikulu zomwe zimafuna thandizo lolimba;
- Zipatso zatchulira acidity, osati onse ogula tomato monga choncho.
Onani mitundu ya tomato monga: Alsou, Auria, Troika, Aelita Sanka, Kutentha Bely, Persimmon, Barefoot Bear, Yamal, Bison Sugar, Red Pewani, Gina, Rapunzel, Samara, Little Red Riding Hood, Kolkhoz Perekani, Labrador, Caspar, Niagara, ndi Mikado Pink.
Mbande zokomera
Kukula mbande za tomato "Bear's paw" - njirayi siidya nthawi yambiri, koma pamtengo wake udzadalira zipatso zina ndi zipatso za chipatso.
Kulima masiku
Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti mwezi wokongola kwambiri wodzala mbewu za tomato izi zidzakhala March. Kumpoto ndi kumpoto kwa zigawo za dziko lathu, kubzala mbewu ziyenera kusinthidwa pakatikati mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi. Kumadera akum'mwera, kufesa kungayambe kumayambiriro kwa mwezi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti alimi am'mwera akumayambiriro amayamba kufesa mbande kale kumapeto kwa February, koma izi ndizofunika kutsimikiza kuti nyengo yozizira siidzakhala m'deralo kwa nthawi yaitali. 
Mphamvu ndi nthaka
Kusankhidwa kwa mphamvu kudzadalira ngati mutayendetsa mbande kapena ayi. Ngati mutabzala mbewu zingapo nthawi imodzi mumakina akuluakulu, ndiye kuti padzafunika zina zina, koma ngati mbeu ikukula, muzotengera makapu, ndiye kuti kusamba sikungakhale kofunikira (kutanthauza kuti mbeu imodzi idzabzalidwa m'makapu). Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati mukuganiza kugwiritsa ntchito makapu otayika, ndiye kuti pansi mumayenera kupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono kuti mukhale ndi madzi owonjezera. Mu sitolo mungathe kugula makasitomala amtundu wapadera kwa mbande. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pazokha; aliyense amasankha zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ndizo zabwino kwambiri komanso zabwino.
Mukudziwa? Mawu oti "phwetekere" adagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe cha Aztec.
Mbali yachonde kwa mbeu yobzala ingagulidwe m'sitolo kapena idziphike nokha. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi malo a humus, sod ndi mchenga wa mtsinje. Ngati mulibe humus, ndiye mutha kuziyika ndi peat, ndipo mchenga wa mtsinje umalowetsedwa ndi vermicult. 
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Musanafese, m'pofunikira kuti muyese ndikuyang'ana mbeu yonse kuti mubzalidwe. Pambuyo pake zimakonzedwa ndi njira yapadera yokonzera kukula (Epin, Immunocytophyte, etc.). Pambuyo pokonza, mbewuzo zouma, koma palibe chomwe sichikutsuka.
M'madera ena a chilimwe amalimbikitsa kuumitsa mbeu asanayambe kubzala chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono. Kwa izi, mbewu imasungidwa sabata lonse kumalo kumene kutentha kumatuluka nthawi zonse (kuyambira +20 ° C kufika +80 ° C). Kunyumba, njere nthawi zambiri zimachotsedwa pa mabatire, kuzikulunga mu nsalu zakuthupi.
Kufesa mbewu: chitsanzo ndi kuya
Mbewu za Bear Paw ziyenera kufesedwa mu nthaka isanafike mozama 1.5-2 masentimita Ngati simunamere mbewu, pasadakhale mtengo wa 30-40%. Mukamabzala mbewu mabokosi, makina awa ayenera kuyang'ana: Mtunda wa pakati pa maenje obzalawo uyenera kukhala wosiyana ndi 2 cm mpaka 3 cm (mtunda uwu ndi wabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti patapita nthawi mbande zidzasinthidwa). 
Kumera zinthu
Mutabzala mbeu zimayenera kukhala ndi filimu yoonekera kapena galasi, ndiyeno muwachotse m'malo otentha. Ndikofunika kuti kuwala kwa dzuŵa kukhalepo pamalo otere, ngakhale kuti wamaluwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa mphukira za mbewu. Kawirikawiri, mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka pambuyo pa masiku 6 mutabzala. Kenaka filimuyi kapena galasi iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikupitilira ku gawo lotsatira.
Kusamalira mmera
Panthawi imeneyo, pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwoneka pamwamba pa nthaka, filimuyi imachotsedwa, ndipo mabokosi kapena makapu a mbande amaikidwa kumwera kapena kumwera kwakumadzulo. Ulamuliro wa kutentha mu chipinda ukhale wosasunthika, chifukwa zomera zazing'ono sizimalola kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Kutentha kukuyenera kuchoka ku +22 ° S mpaka +24 ° С.
Ngati masiku a dzuwa kumapeto kwa kasupe m'dera lanu sali okwanira, ndiye muyenera kugula nyali yapadera kuti muwunikire mbande. Kuthirira kumangotheka kokha pamene dothi la pamwamba liti limatha pang'ono. Tsiku lililonse masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri (7), nthaka yomwe imazungulira zimayenera kumasulidwa, pang'onopang'ono, kuti asawononge mizu yaing'ono ya zomera.
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa amchere ochokera ku cuprum (mkuwa) amathandiza kupewa matenda ambiri a tomato komanso kusonkhanitsa mbewu zabwino.
Pamene masamba enieni 2-3 amawoneka pa mbande, chisankho chiyenera kuchitidwa. Pambuyo pa kunyamula, kuziika zomera amadyetsedwa ndi nitrogenous feteleza. Mavitamini a mavitamini angathandize mizu ya mbande kukhazikika mofulumira m'malo atsopano ndipo mwinamwake kuyambitsa kukula. Pamene mazira oyambirira ndi maluwa amaoneka pa tomato, potashi ndi feteleza phosphate ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka.
Mbeu zovuta
Yambani kuumitsa tomato "Tinyamule Pawulu" amafunika masiku 10-14 musanabzala malo osatha. Panthawiyi, kutentha kuzungulira + 11 ... +15 ° С kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa kale pamsewu. Kupweteka kumachitika mwa kusunga mbande mu mpweya wabwino. Masiku awiri oyambirira mabokosi omwe ali ndi mbewu ayenera kuchitika mumsewu masana ndi kuwasiya iwo kwa maola 1-2. Tsiku lililonse nthawi imeneyi ikufunika kuwonjezeka. Masiku 2-3 asanapite kumalo osatha, mbande ziyenera kutsalira mu mpweya wabwino usiku wonse.
Kuonjezerapo, pofuna kuthetsa bwino mbewu za mbande 5-7 asanabzalidwe pamalo osatha, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira. Koma nkofunika kumvetsetsa kuti nkofunika kuchepetsa osati kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira, koma kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akuwonjezeredwa ku chomera chilichonse. 
Kubzala mbande pamalo osatha
Kusuntha mbewu kumalo osatha kumachitika nthawi yoyenera, mwinamwake pali chiopsezo chotaya mbande zina. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mutabzala muyenera kutsatira chitsanzo china.
Migwirizano yowonjezera
Akatswiri amati amalima mbande pamalo osatha a May, pamene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira +16 ° C mpaka +18 ° C. Panthawiyi, mbande zazing'ono zafika kale zaka 60-65. Musanabzala mbande mutseguka nthaka, mosamala mutsatire kukula kwa ulamuliro wa kutentha m'deralo. Ngati posachedwa padzakhala chisanu, ndiye bwino kubwezeretsa kusamutsidwa 
Ndondomeko yabwino
Kubzala mbewu zachinyamata sayenera kukhala wandiweyani, monga momwe ziliri panopo chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana chimawonjezeka kwambiri. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti musadye zoposa 3 zitsamba za tomato pa 1 mamita. Cholinga chabwino kwambiri chodzala Bear's Paws ndi chonchi: Gwiritsani ntchito malo odyetsera maluwa m'munda wanu (malo onsewa ayenera kukhala ndi mamita 1) ndi kumanga tchire kumbali zonsezi. Ngati mugwiritsira ntchito chiwembu, ndiye kuti mtunda wochepa pakati pa tomato udzakhala mita imodzi, yomwe ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa tomato osiyanasiyana.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino ndi maphikidwe awa kuti mukolole tomato: zophika, mchere, zophika tomato wobiriwira mu mbiya, mchere mchere, tomato mu madzi awo, komanso kuphunzira kupanga phwetekere.
Mbali za kusamalira ndi kulima agrotechnics
Ngati mukufuna kukolola zokolola zanu kumatenda anu a phwetekere, ndiye kuti muyenera nthawi yoyenera kusamalira tchire.
Kuthirira, kupalira ndi kumasula
Mukamwetsa tomato zosiyanasiyana muyenera kusamala kwambiri. Kuthira mobwerezabwereza kudzachititsa chipatso kuyamba kuyamba. Ngakhale kusowa kwa chinyezi kungawononge mawanga achikasu kapena ofiira pa chipatso. Kuthirira tomato n'kofunika kokha pazu mu madzulo kapena nthawi yammawa. Madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala otentha. Mbande zokha zokha ziyenera kuthiriridwa masiku awiri aliwonse. Pansi pa chitsamba chimodzi ayenera kupita 2-2.5 malita a madzi. Pakapita nthawi, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, koma pa masiku otentha kwambiri a chilimwe, tomato ya Bear Paw iyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa masiku onse anayi. 
Mukudziwa? M'zaka za zana la XVIII, tomato anadza ku dera la Russia, kumene poyamba anali wamkulu monga zokongola zomera.
Madzi atangomaliza kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kuumirizidwa ndi kompositi, zouma za nettle kapena zapaini. Kuwombera kumalo sikungalole kuti nthaka iwonongeke, kuphatikizapo, tizilombo tomwe timapindulitsa poteteza tomato tidzakhala pansi pa mulch wa mulch. Ngati dothi silingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaŵi yake, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuti nthawi zambiri muzimasula kuti musayambe kutsika kwambiri.
Kupalira nyemba kumachitika pamene chiwerengero cha namsongole chikuwonekera pa bedi la tomato, kutalika kwake komwe kumaposa 15-20 masentimita. Kupewera kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala, popanda kuyendetsa galimoto kwambiri, mwinamwake pali chiopsezo choyambitsa mizu ya tomato.
Masking
Masking yachitidwa pofuna kuteteza chitsamba cha phwetekere kukhala chowopsya. Monga mukudziwira, zitsamba zowonjezera zimagawira zakudya zambiri pazomwe zimakhala ndi masamba, motero zipatso zimakhala zochepa komanso zosakoma kwambiri. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti kuchotsa masitepe ndi manja kapena munda wa maluwa, omwe ayenera kuyamba kutsukidwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Kudya kumachitika bwino tsiku lotsatira, m'mawa kapena madzulo. Pambuyo pochotsa ana owonjezerawo, mabalawo ayenera kuthiridwa ndi phulusa. 
Chotsani ana opeza ayenera kuti chitsamba sichiwoneka chowoneka kwambiri. Pamene zigawo ziwiri zikuyandikana kwambiri ndipo zimayendetsedwa kumbali imodzi, yaikulu imasiyidwa, ndipo yachiwiri imachotsedwa. Ngati pali tomato ndi masamba obiriwira m'munda mwanu, ndipo mukuganiza kuti ali ndi matenda, ndiye zitsamba zimenezi zimakhala stepon (mwinamwake pali chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda onse m'mundawu).
Kawirikawiri, ana opeza amayamba kutha kumapeto kwa May, m'madera ena - kuyambira pachiyambi cha June. Kuwonjezera pa masitepe, ndifunikanso kuchotsa mzere wa masamba. Ndondomeko ya pinching imachitika kangapo panthawi ya kukula kwa zomera. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kukanikiza kumathandiza kupeza zipatso zazikulu ndi zokometsera, kotero musamanyalanyaze kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira zochuluka.
Belt girter
Kwa garters sizosangalatsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yowedza, zingwe zamkuwa kapena zingwe zoonda. Njira yoyenera idzakhala yopuma pantchito kapena masitonkeni, omwe sangasokoneze tsinde la tomato. Muyeneranso kudziwa kuti chaka chilichonse m'pofunikira kusintha galasi, mwinamwake pamakhala chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. 
Pofuna kumanga chitsamba chamatchire wamtali, muyenera kuyendetsa nkhuni pansi pambali pake. Chitsamba chimangirizidwa pamwamba pa tsinde. Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe kabwino ka garter, chifukwa ngati iyo imatengedwa, gawo lomtunda la tsinde likhoza kuuma. Pamene chitsamba chikukula, garter ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mmwamba, ndipo popeza Bear Paw zosiyanasiyana zimatha kufika mamita awiri m'kukwera, zimayenera kuzimangiriza m'malo atatu, ndiko katatu pa nyengo.
Kuchiza mankhwala
Matimati "Kuthamanga" pamtundu wa majini amatetezedwa ku matenda ambiri, koma zowononga ndizofunika pazochitika zilizonse. Musanabzala, dothi liyenera kukhala lopanda mankhwala ochepa a potassium permanganate (1.5% kapena 2%). Patatha masiku angapo chithandizo chitatha, dothi likulumikizidwa, motero kuteteza zowola kubisala.
Pofuna kupewa kutuluka ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphutsi za Colorado ndi mchere wa slugs, tomato ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala amadzi a ammonia. Pofuna kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, masamba a zomera amafunika kusambitsidwa ndi madzi asopo. Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osasinthasintha, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Ndikofunikira! Kuchita processing ya phwetekere ndi mankhwala akukonzekera n'zotheka kokha chisanakhale chiyambi cha ovary ya zipatso zoyamba, kenako processing amaloledwa ndi wowerengeka njira.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalola kupopera mbewu zokha zokhudzana ndi tchire ndi zina zomwe zili pafupi. Kupanga mankhwala kumachitika mosamalitsa molingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kwa kukula nyengo, phwetekere tchire amadyetsedwa 3-4 nthawi. Asanayambe kumayambiriro kwa ovary a zipatso zoyamba, chogogomezera chachikulu ndi kuika feteleza zamchere. Pamene zipatso zoyamba zimapangidwa, potashi ndi feteleza phosphate ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa chitsamba. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati tinyalanyaza chakudya chokwanira, ubwino wa zipatso ndi zokolola zonse zidzasokonekera kwambiri.
Tomato zosiyanasiyana "Bear's paw" - chisankho chabwino chodzala m'munda kapena m'munda. Zipatso zake ndi zazikulu, zowala komanso zamadzimadzi, zidzakhala zokongola kwambiri patebulo lililonse la tchuthi. Kuwona malamulo oyambirira a kulima ndi kusamalidwa, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa nthawi zambiri zipatso zazikulu. 
