Delphinium ndi chomera chamtundu wa buttercup. Ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 400, pakati pomwe pali pachaka komanso yosatha. Lachiwiri ndi mizu yamphamvu kwambiri, kupirira, kuzindikira. Mtengowo umadziwikanso pansi pa mayina ena: larkpur, spur, coconut, makutu a hare.
Zambiri za kukula kosatha kwa delphinium
Delphinium ndi mbadwa zachikale zaku Transcaucasia ndi Asia Minor. Kutengera mtunduwu, imakula kutalika kuyambira 40cm mpaka 2 m.Madigawo ndimaudindo wokongoletsera, mitundu ina imakulidwa kuti ipeze mankhwala azomwe zimapanga mankhwala. Mtengowu umadziwika ndi mitundu yambiri ya maluwa, kuchokera kosavuta mpaka kawiri. Utoto wa utoto ulinso waukulu.
Mapulani otetezedwa ndi mphepo ndi abwino kukula. Mitundu yonse ya mbewuyi, malo ofooka kwambiri ndi gawo lotsika la tsinde. Kuchokera mwamphamvu mafunde, maluwawo amatha.
Delphinium imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe
Delphinium imakula bwino pamtunda uliwonse, koma imakonda kupuma. Ngati malowo ndi dothi louma, ayenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse. Zomera sizilekerera chinyezi chambiri, choncho zimathiriridwa pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono. Munthawi yokhazikitsa masamba, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachulukitsidwa pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, feteleza wa potashi kapena phosphorous amawonjezeredwa.
Pali chodabwitsa chimodzi mukulima kwa delphinium: ngati akhala m'malo omwewo zaka zoposa 4, chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu ndi matenda osiyanasiyana chikuwonjezeka. Pazifukwa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikusintha maluwa pakatha zaka 4-5 zilizonse. Koma olima dimba ambiri amanyalanyaza malangizowo ndipo amawakula bwino malo amodzi kwazaka zambiri.
Kodi mbewuyi ndi yotani?
Perennial delphinium imadziwika ndi kulimba kwa nyengo yachisanu, yomwe imatha kulekerera chisanu mpaka -40 ° C. Chalangizidwa kumera kumwera ndi kumpoto. Mwa mitundu yonse, maluwa obwereza amatheka. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mapesi atamaliza yoyamba. Chapakati pa Russia, nthawi yoyamba maluwa imayamba pakati pa Juni mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, ndipo yachiwiri ndiyotheka mu yophukira.
Akakula m'magawo okhala ndi nyengo yankhanza, munthu ayenera kuwopa kwambiri chisanu ndi kutentha kozizira, koma thaws. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mizu ya mbewu iyi ili pafupi ndi dziko lapansi. Mu nthawi ya kuwonekera kwa matumba ndi matchucha atchucha amatha vypretit. Pazifukwa izi, ku Far East ndi kumpoto, delphinium imabzalidwe bwino pamtunda wokwera.
Delphiniums akumva bwino kumadera osiyanasiyana amtunduwu
Ngakhale kuti dera la Ural limawonedwa ngati malo olima chiopsezo, delphiniums amakula bwino pano ndi kumatulutsa kawiri pachaka. Koma koposa zonse amamva kumwera. Pansi pa izi, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oti mudzaliridwe. Kuchokera pakuwala kwa dzuwa, kumatha kufota, ndiye kuti mufunika tsamba lomwe lili pamthunzi pamasiku otentha kwambiri.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi zithunzi
Ku Russia, hybrids zochokera ku Delphinium elatum ndi Delphinium grandiflorum zimakula kwambiri. Zonsezi ndi zonyozeka komanso zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Makampani opanga malonda amapereka mitundu yambiri ya delphinium ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zomera zokongola kwambiri zomwe zili ndi maluwa akuluakulu awiri.
Zosiyanasiyana zimagawidwa potengera kutalika kwa ma peduncles, mtundu wawo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa maluwa. Pankhani imeneyi, sankhani:
- ma hybrids okwera - 170-250 masentimita (mitundu yoposa 200);
- sing'anga - 130-170 cm;
- wamtali - mpaka 130 cm.
Zowoneka bwino kwambiri ku Pacific, kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo. Zomera izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwapamwamba (kuyambira masentimita 180), inflorescence ya chic, maluwa akuluakulu. Mu gulu la mbewuli, angapo adatchulidwapo dzina la Camelot.
Gulu lina lalikulu ndi ma hybrids a Mafa. Adaleredwa ndi obereketsa okhala kumudzi waku Mosino ku Mafino. Mitundu yotchuka ya delphinium yomwe ili ndi zithunzi pa maluwa:
- Black Knight (Yakuda Knight). Chomera chokhala ndi maluwa akulu awiri owirikiza ndi awiri amtundu wakuda wofiirira. Limamasula kwakanthawi ndipo limachulukana, limakonda malo owala bwino ndi dzuwa komanso dothi lachonde.
Kutalika kwakutali komanso kochulukirapo kumakhala kosiyanasiyana
- Double Innocence (New Zealand Delphinium). Duwa lochititsa chidwi, lokongola komanso lolimba lomwe limatalikirana ndi masentimita 130. Pakatuluka maluwa, limakutidwa ndi maluwa oyera awiri okhala ndi mulifupi wa mpaka 4 cm.
Duwa la New Zealand delphinium lili ndi masamba 21
- Atlantis (Atlantis). Chimodzi mwazodalirika komanso chosasangalatsa. Chochititsa chidwi ndi maluwa ake akuluakulu abuluu owala. Srednerosly, mpaka 1 m kukwera, inflorescence ndi yayitali, piramidi. Masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino.
Atlantis delphinium wosachita bwino wokhala ndi mtundu wa inflorescence wabuluu ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yodalirika
- Mfumu Arthur Chomera chachikulu pakatikati, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 150. Maluwa ndi amtambo ndi oyera oyera pakati. Wosakhazikika nthawi yozizira, wosasamala, amasaka nthaka yabwino, yopanda chonde.
Disphinium ya King Arthur yapakatikati ndi yosasunthika ndipo imalekerera chisanu mosavuta
- Belladonna - (Delphinium belladonna). Mitundu yokhayo yomwe maluwa ake amachokera kwa peduncle. Wosazindikira komanso wowoneka bwino monga mitundu ina yonse yazomera.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Belladonna imawonekera pakati pa maluwa ena onse omwe amapindika
Kubzala ndi kufalitsa njira
Pali njira zitatu zobzala mitengo yosatha ya mbande:
- ndi mbewu;
- kudula;
- kugawa chitsamba.
Zonsezi ndizopindulitsa ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kukula kosatha delphinium kuchokera ku mbewu
Njira zovuta kwambiri mwa njira zitatu zolerera ndi mbewu. Kuti mupeze mbande za delphinium pofika nthawi yofunda, kulima mbewu kumachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Njirayi ndi yabwino chifukwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukulitsa mtundu wina uliwonse wa delphinium omwe mbewu zake ndizopezeka pamsika kapena kwa obereketsa.
Kubzala mbewu za mbande za delphinium kumachitika kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi
Pali njira ziwiri zakutsikira:
- mbande kunyumba;
- poyera.
Dothi liyenera kukhala lopepuka, pang'ono acidic, lotayirira. Ziyenera kukhala zotetezedwa. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi:
- Kuvomerezeka kwa mphindi zingapo mu microwave pa mphamvu yayikulu;
- Thirani yankho la fungicide kapena potaziyamu permanganate.
- Asanabzale, mbewu zimasungidwa pamalo abwino. Nthaka imayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zikhomakhosi zonyowa, motalikirana ndi 15-20 mm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Finyani mopepuka ndi dothi ndikuthira ndi madzi kuchokera ku sapota m'munda. Mphukira zimawonekera patatha masiku 10-12 mutabzala.
- Zikamera zikakhala zazitali masentimita 3-4, mbira. Chimodzimodzinso, mbewu zikafesedwa panthaka.
Yang'anani! Pali chodabwitsa pakufalitsa mbewu: ngati zifesedwa panthaka nyengo yachisanu isanachitike, ma hybrids sangathe kubwereza zomwe zimayimira mayi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusinthana kwa nyengo yozizira komanso kusungunula kwamphindi kumasinthitsa maselo a chomera chopangidwa mwaluso.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Delphinium zodula zimapezeka motere:
- kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yomera, pomwe mphukira za mbewuzo zikamakula masentimita 10-12, zimafotokozera gawo la muzu;
- kudula mphukira ndi mpeni wakuthwa kuti ugwire mizu.
- Pesi lomwe limabzalidwa limasungidwa m'malo otetezeka mpaka masentimita atatu, ndikuthirira madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Pambuyo masiku 15-20, duwa limazika mizu. Kenako ikhoza kubzalidwa m'malo opitilira kukula.
Musanabzala m'malo okhazikika, phesi la delphinium liyenera kuzika mizu
Gawo logawa
Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri yopangira chisamba chamuyaya ndi kugawa tchire. Ndondomeko ili ndi magawo angapo:
- kukumba chomera;
- yeretsani bwino bwino mizu lapansi;
- kudula ndi mpeni m'zigawo, chilichonse chomwe mphukira kapena impso imayenera kukhalapo;
- wobzalidwa pansi.
Kusamalira dimba
Kusamalira dolphinium kwazaka zambiri ndikosavuta ndipo kumachitika m'njira zingapo.
- Nthaka pamizu imamasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Mu nthawi yophukira, maluwa atamaliza kuyanika, mapesiwo amadulidwa ndi secateurs kotero kuti "chitsa" chamtunda wa 20-30 masentimita pamwamba. Pambuyo pake chimakonkhedwa ndi nthaka mbali zonse ndi zokhota.
Ngati m'derali muli chipale chofewa chambiri, m'mphepete mwa tsindewo adakutidwa ndi dongo. Izi zimalepheretsa kulowetsa chinyezi ku muzu ndikuwonongeka kwina.
Mitundu yayitali imafunikira garter. Pachifukwa ichi, matepi apepala amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa mzere wosodza kapena mapasa amatha kudula muzoyimira zazomera za chomera ndikuvulaza. Kupereka kukhazikika kwakukulu, magawo awiri amapangidwa: woyamba kutalika kwa 40-50 cm, wachiwiri - atafika kutalika kwa 100-120 cm.
Chapakatikati, kupatulira kumatuluka mphukira. Potero perekani mbewuyo malo oti ikule. Ngati mitundu yake ili yayikulu-maluwa, mphukira zitatu zotsalira, pazomera zazing'ono zomwe zimayenda bwino, siyani aliyense.
Delphiniums amayankha bwino kuvala kwapamwamba. Imachitika katatu pachaka:
- pakati pa kasupe amabweretsa organic;
- atatha masiku 30 mpaka 40 - feteleza wa mchere ("Kemira Universal");
- pakapangidwa masamba, amathiridwa ndi yankho la superphosphate pamlingo wa 50 g pa lita imodzi.
Uphungu! Pofuna kupangitsa maluwa kukhala okongola kwambiri, kangapo kuthirira mbewuzo ndi yankho la boric acid.
Pofuna kupewa matenda nthawi ya budding, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika ndi fungicide iliyonse yomwe ikupezeka.
Mavuto omwe akukula
Delninial delphinium sikutanthauza chisamaliro chachikulu. Malamulo omwe ali pamwambowo atatsatiridwa, mmera umakula bwino ndipo umaphuka.
Kulima kwa dolphinium sikulemetsa
Koma pali vuto limodzi pakukula chomera ichi. Muli ndi kumera bwino kosakwanira kwa mbeu, zomwe wamaluwa ambiri amadandaula nazo. Kuphatikiza apo, zambiri zotsutsana zimaperekedwa m'malangizo a omwe akupanga mbewu.
Ngati palibe luso pakukula delphinium, mutha kudalira upangiri wa akatswiri wamaluwa.
- Malo omwe kumera mbewu amatengedwa ndi dimba wamba. Sakanizani m'malo ofanana ndi mchenga woyera. Ndikofunikira kuti m'nthaka musakhale peat, yomwe ingapangitse nkhungu kukuta.
- Mbewuzo zikaikidwa pansi, ziwazeni ndi mchenga woonda. Osamaika m'manda m'nthaka.
- Amakonzekeretsa chisanu mufiriji ndikuwaza chidebe ndi mbewu momwemo. Ikasungunuka, chinyezi chimanyamula mbewuzo mozama. Amaphimba chiwiya ndi filimu ya pulasitiki ndikugundana kwa masiku atatu pansi pake.
- Asanatuluke, ikani chidebezo pansi pakefuulo la firiji. Ndi kutulutsa kwamasamba, amasinthidwa ndikupita kumalo otentha.
Delphinium imatha kubzala popanda vuto lililonse mdera la Russia. Malinga ndi malamulo osamalira mbewuzi, azisangalala ndi maluwa ake kawiri pachaka.
