Matenda wamba komanso tizirombo ta blackcurrant, chithandizo ndi kupewa

Blackcurrant ndi chitsamba chotchuka m'mundamo. Osangokhala zipatso zake zokoma ndizothandiza, komanso masamba onunkhira ndi nthambi zomwe zimawonjezeredwa popanga tiyi kapena kusunga. Koma kusowa kwa chisamaliro ndi chithandizo cha tchire kumakulitsa mwayi wamatenda ndi tizirombo, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu pakupanga zipatso.

Matenda a Blackcurrant

Matenda a fungus currant nthawi zambiri amakula nthawi yayitali mvula komanso nyengo yovuta. Ngati dzinja linali lozizira komanso lamvula, ndiye kuti wolima mundawo azikhala ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi malo obzala. Matenda a virus of blackcurrant ndi owopsa kuposa omwe amachokera ku fungus: ndi ovuta kwambiri kuthandizira ndikuletsa ndipo angayambitse kufa kwa chitsamba chonse.

Matenda ofala a fungal

Matenda ofala kwambiri omwe amagwira mabakiteriya ndi awa:

• anthracnose;
• Septoria (malo oyera);
• dzimbiri
• ufa wowuma.

Anthracnose ndi matenda omwe amafala nthawi yachilimwe. Masamba obiriwira achikasu obiriwira amawonekera pamasamba, omwe amasandulika bulauni, amakula ndikuphatikizana, ndikupanga madera ozungulira. Pakapita kanthawi, mphukira ndi zipatso zimadwala.

Ngati simukuchita chilichonse, masamba omwe akukhudzidwa, kuyambira masamba otsika, amasintha bulauni, owuma komanso ambiri amagwa msanga. Zipatso zobiriwira zimatha, mphukira zimapereka chofooka. Tchire lomwe lakhudzidwa silimalephera kuzizira, ndipo zipatso zake zimachepetsedwa ndi 50-70%.

Masamba akayamba kudera loyambirira la kuwonongeka kwa anthracnose

Septoria (malo oyera) nawonso nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwa mvula, nthawi yozizira. Mawonekedwe a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba, omwe pambuyo pake amakhala oyera ndi malire a bulauni. Ndikowonongeka kwakukulu, mawanga amawonjezeka ndikuphatikizana. Tsamba limawuma ndikumwalira. Zokolola zamatchire zodwala zimachepetsedwa ndi 1.5-2 nthawi.

Septoria blackcurrant imabweretsa kuchepa kwa zokolola pofika nthawi 1.5-2

Dzimbiri - ma tubercles ofiira kumbuyo kwa masamba, omwe, pomwe matendawa amafalikira, phatikizani ndi mikwingwirima ya lalanje. Zipatsozo zingakhudzidwe. Kuchepetsa kwambiri masika kumatha kudzetsa matendawa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala pa conifers kapena chomera cha marshy - sedge. Ngati pafupi ndi dimba pali dambo louma kapena chodzala cholumikizira, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuswana mitundu yabwino kuti musankhe mitundu yosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri.

Zotupa dzimbiri pakafalikira matendawa amaphatikizana kukhala mikwingwirima

Powdery mildew ndimatenda osowa a blackcurrant. Amawoneka oyera pansonga pamtunda. Masamba samakula, kulemala ndi kufa. Ngati sanalandire, imagwiranso ntchito kwa zipatso.

Powdery mildew ngati sanapatsidwe akhoza kufalikira ku zipatso

Matenda a virus

Matendawa oopsa kwambiri akayamba kudwala:

• wamizere wamitundu
• terry (kubweza).

Striped mosaic ndi matenda owopsa momwe mungathere kwathunthu akuda currant obzala. Imawoneka ngati mtundu wachikasu pozungulira misempha yayikulu yamasamba. Zonyamula - nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa. Matenda amadzachitika mutabzala matenda pachitsamba chathanzi kapena kudula tchire labwinobwino ndi matenda limodzi ndi chida chosafunikira.

Mitambo yopukutira imawonekera ndi mawonekedwe achikasu pamasamba.

Terry ndi matenda omwe amayamba kubereka. Matendawa amatha kuwoneka pokhapokha patatha tchire, ngakhale masamba nawonso amasintha. Zimakhala zazitali, zowongoka, zamtundu wakuda, zopepuka. Mano ndi ocheperako komanso akuluakulu, popanda fungo linalake la currant. Matendawa amafalikira patatha sabata limodzi kuposa amoyo, maluwa amatenga pinki kapena utoto wofiirira, ma inflorescence ndi okwera, owuma, osapanga zipatso.

Terry blackcurrant: - - mphukira yokhala ndi kachilombo komanso duwa losinthidwa; b - mphukira wathanzi ndi duwa; c - nthambi yomwe yakhudzidwa (chithunzi)

Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda akuda

Tsoka ilo, tchire loyendetsedwa ndi miyala yamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtambo silichiritsidwa. Simungadule nthambi zodwala zokha, ndikuyembekeza kuti ziletse kufalikira. Tchire lomwe lakhudzidwa liyenera kutulutsidwa kwathunthu ndi kuwotchedwa.

Popewa matenda, ndikofunikira:

• Sankhani zinthu zabwino zobzala. Tengani katemera ku ma tchire okhawo amene alibe zizindikiro za matenda. Osagula mbande kwa ogulitsa onyenga.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi muziyang'ana tchire lonse. Poyamba, ndi nthambi zochepa chabe zomwe zimatha kudwala matendawa. Mukachotsa chomera chodwala m'mundamo, nthawi zambiri ndizotheka kuti chotsalayo chokha chizikhala chathanzi.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi menyani zonyamula matenda. Pukusani tchire ndi mankhwala am'madzi kapena achilengedwe, komanso mankhwala azomera kuti muwoneke kapena kuwononga nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nkhupakupa.
• Pangani kudya koyenera. Mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni ochulukirapo angapangitse matenda a virus. Feteleza wa Potaziyamu-phosphorous amachulukitsa kukana kwa mbeu.

Kuti mupewe matenda oyamba ndi fungus, chotsani masamba onse agwa pansi pa tchire ndikuwawotcha. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira zamatenda omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, zitsanulira mbewu ndi Fitosporin.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, masamba asanatseguke, tchire lopindika ndi dothi lomwe pansi pawo limapopera madzi:

• yankho la mkuwa wamkuwa,
• Bordeaux osakaniza
• Mankhwala a HOM.

Copper sulfate ndi mankhwala otsika mtengo koma ogwira mtima. Tengani 100 g wa ufa mumtsuko. Copper sulfate sichimasungunuka bwino m'madzi ozizira, choncho ndibwino kuti muyambe ndikuyambitsa mu lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda, ndikuthira mumtsuko.

Bordeaux osakaniza ndi mankhwala otchuka ambiri wamaluwa. Pakupopera mankhwalawa mumafunikira yankho la 3%. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera mapaketi atatu a mankhwalawo. Kuphatikizikako kumaphatikizapo mkuwa womwewo wa sulfate ndi laimu ya hydrate. Bordeaux osakaniza akhoza kukonzekera pawokha. Kuti izi zitheke, chilichonse chimayenera kusungunuka pachidebe china m'malita 5 amadzi, kenako chosakanizidwa. Mukasakaniza zigawo, onetsetsani kuti mwatsanulira mosamala yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate ku laimu.

Mukamapanga zosakaniza, nthawi zonse muyenera kutsatira malamulo osonyezedwa pakankhwala!

Tizirombo tambiri ndi kutha

Tchire lakuda limatha kupatsira tizilombo topitilira 70. Zina ndizosowa kwambiri kapena sizimayambitsa zowonongeka zazikulu. Koma zoyipa kwambiri ndi:

• gallitsa
• nyali yamoto
• nkhupakupa impso
• impso
• kangaude,
• zakuda
• galasi lopindika;
• kuwombera aphid
• chishango chachikulu
• mabulosi atambalale.

Momwe mungachotsere midges

Tizilombo tokhala ngati mbewa ndi tinthu tokhala ngati udzudzu womwe timayikira mazira pansi pa khungwa kapena ming'alu ya tsinde, maluwa omwe sanaphuke masamba. Mabuu hibernate pansi pa currant tchire ma spider cocoon. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa, zotupa zofiira zimawonekera pamasamba.

Masamba a Gallitsa ndi masamba a currant omwe amakhudzidwa ndi izi ndi kutupa kofiira

Njira zoyendetsera:

• kasupe ndi yophukira kulima tchire;
• kukonza mbewu Bordeaux osakaniza;
• kudula ndi kuwotcha nthambi zomwe zinakhudza;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Fitoverm isanayambe kapena itayamba maluwa.

Momwe mungathane ndi mfuti

Ntchentche zozimitsa zophukira nyengo yachisanu pansi pa tchire. Pakatikati, agulugufe amabwera pansi ndikuyala mazira mwachindunji m'maluwa. Mphutsi zosaka zimadya thumba losunga mazira. Zipatso pa mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa zimakulungidwa ndi ma capubs ndikuwuma.

Pofuna kupewa kuwononga tchire ndi moto, dothi pansi pa tchire limakumbidwa mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira, limayikidwa ndi kakhwalala kakang'ono ka makhadibodi kuti agulugufe asamayambe kubwera.

Njira zoyendetsera:

• kupopera tchire ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kumayambiriro kwa masika (Actellik, Lepidocide);
• Kutolera ndi kuwononga nthambi komanso zipatso zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi nkhupakupa ya impso

Nkhupakupa ya impso ndi vuto lalikulu lakuda. Ngati kulimbana naye sikunayambike nthawi, ndiye kuti mutha kutaya mbewu ndi chitsamba. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha nkhupakupa la impso ndi kutupa, impso zozungulira. Pakadali pano, mutha kumenyanabe chomera: kudula ndi kuwotcha mphukira zonse ndi masamba omwe akhudzidwa.

Impso zakhudzidwa zimazunguliridwa ndipo sizimatulutsa.

Njira zovutikira:

• mankhwala ndi mankhwala okhala ndi sulufule (Neoron, sulfaride, Kinmix);
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mu kugwa ndi mankhwala Neoron, Apollo.

Mankhwala okhala ndi sulufule amagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu pachaka: nthawi ya budding, asanafike maluwa komanso mwezi umodzi zipatso zisanakhwime. Kuthira koyamba kumachitika pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kosachepera 15 ° C. Njira zothetsera mankhwalawa zimakonzedwa malinga ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa. Kuyimitsidwa kwa colloidal sulfure (sulfaride) kungathe kukonzedwa palokha: 100 g pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi. Njira imeneyi imagwira ntchito pa kutentha kuchokera pa 20 ° C.

Momwe mungachotsere njenjete

Pupae wa impso yaubweya kubisala pansi pa khungwa lopotera, ndipo pofika masika, agulugufe osiyawo amayikira mazira awo m'mimba mwake, omwe pambuyo pake amawononga mphutsi zosakidwa.

Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa tizilombo, muyenera:

• kuwononga masamba agwa;
• tchire tating'onoting'ono ndi malo obzala;
• kutsitsi ndi Karbofos, Actellik.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi kangaude wa kangaude

Kangaudeyu amayamba nyengo yotentha komanso yozizira. Kupezeka kwa nkhupizo pachomera kukuwonetsedwa ndi madontho owoneka pamwamba pa tsamba. Kumbuyo kwa tsamba kumawoneka kangaude wowoneka bwino, pomwe nkhupizo imakhalamo. Tick-currant masamba louma ndi kugwa pakati chilimwe.

Pofuna kuthana ndi kangaude pa nthawi yomwe mukukula, Fitoverm ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Momwe mungachotsere nsomba za currant

Zaka zambiri za kafadala wagolide amapezeka mu Meyi-June. Pakadali pano, tizirombo timayikira mazira pansi pa khungwa la mphukira zazing'ono. Mphutsi zimaluma mphukira, kuzidya kuchokera mkatimo, ndipo zimakhalabe kumeneko nthawi yozizira. Chomera chimafooka, chimapereka zokolola zazing'ono zipatso.

Njira zazikulu zothanirana ndi nsomba zamtengo wapatali za golide:

• kudulira gawo lathanzi ndikuwotcha mphukira;
• mankhwalawa pokonzekera masamba omwe adya masamba: Lepidocide, bromophos, Alatar.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi galasi la currant

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse polimbana ndi galasi la currant kulibe ntchito. Mphutsi zili mkati mwa tsinde ndipo zimatetezedwa ku zinthu zakunja. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yothana ndi galasi pamalo agulugufe. Maonekedwe a tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko owonekera kumawonetsa kuti muyenera kupopera mbewuzo ndi Fitoverm kapena Lepidocide.

Masamba omwe ali ndi kachilombo akufota, zipatso zimatha. Pakati pa nthambi yodulidwa mutha kuwona kusunthika. Mphukira zotere zimayenera kudulidwa kuti nkhuni zathanzi ndizoyala. Mphutsi zamagalasi sizilowa mizu ya tchire.

Gulugufe wagalasi, mbozi yowoneka ngati galasi mkati mwa mphukira paokha, chinthu chowonongeka chimawonekera ndikudulira nthambi

Momwe mungathanirane ndi nsabwe za m'masamba

Ma nsabwe ndi kachilombo koyamwa komwe nyerere zimafalitsa. Aphid madera amatha kuonedwa pambali ya masamba achichepere ndi malangizo. Masamba a tchire lomwe ali ndi kachilombo amapotozedwa ndi kupunduka, mphukira zimaleka kukula. Musanafike budding, phatikizani mbewuyo ndi Karbofos, Actellik, Nitrafen. Panthawi yakucha, zipatso zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu zamtundu wa Actofit.

Amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za aphid amapindika, kuleka kukula, masamba amapindika

Momwe mungachotsere tizilombo tambiri

Kuyanika pang'onopang'ono pachitsamba chomwe chikuwoneka bwino kukhala ndi thanzi kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa tizilombo tomwe timadya pamadzi a makungwa - scutellaria. Ngati palibe chochitika, chitsamba chija chimafa. Tizilomboti timalumikizana ndi tsinde, koma kuyang'anitsitsa, mutha kuziwona. Amawoneka ngati zophukira zazing'ono.

Chishango chimadya pamadzi a khungwa, pomwe mphukirawo umatha pakapita nthawi

Mankhwala a kasupe kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mankhwala Nitrafen amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi malo ocheperako matenda, mutha kupukuta tchire ndi madzi ndikuphatikiza ndi sopo yochapira ndi madontho ochepa a palafini mu ndowa.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi kachilomboka

Makungu a kachilomboka amatulutsa zipatso zamkati. Zipatso zimacha nthawi isanakwane, koma kudya sizingatheke. Koma ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa zipatso zomwe zakhudzidwa kuti tizirombo tisatuluke. Thirani zipatso zosakanikirana ndi madzi ndi kuwira kuti muphe mphutsi. Mukangotaya zipatso zake, ndiye kuti mbozizo zidzakhalabe ndi moyo, zikusunthira dothi. Kusintha kukhala kachilombo, khungubwi la mabulosiwa kukupitilirabe kuvulaza othinana.

Mutha kuthana ndi tizilombo pokumbira dothi, mulching ndikudulira chitsamba. Zomera zimapoperedwa ndi mankhwala asanapangitse maluwa.

Njira za anthu othandizira kuthana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta blackcurrant

Njira yofala kwambiri yomwe alimi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndikumayala tchire ndi madzi otentha kumayambiriro kwamasika. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika posachedwa chisanu, koma mpaka impso zimatupa. Tenthetsani madzi pafupifupi chithupsa, kenako amathira mumtsuko ndi kuthirira tchire pamwamba pa nthambi. Njirazi sizithandiza kungoyambira bowa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo chomera.

Omwe alimi ambiri tsopano amasamala zaulimi ndipo amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zaumisiri kapena njira zina zodzikonzera. Pakugwetsa thukuta ndi kuyamwa tizirombo, kulowetsedwa kwa adyo, yarrow, calendula, dandelion, mpiru, tsabola wowawa, chowawa, anyezi ndi zina zomera zophera tizilombo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Konzani mayankho potengera kuwerengera:

• zitsamba - kilogalamu ya zoponderezedwa zopangira pa malita 10 a madzi;
• adyo - 100 g wa adyo pa 10 l;
• anyezi - 200-200 g wa anyezi misa pa 10 l;
• tsabola - 500 g wa nyemba zosweka za tsabola wowotcha pa 10 l;
• mpiru - 30-40 g lowuma mpiru pa 10 malita.

Limbikitsani mayankho kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 24. Pofuna kuphatikiza bwino kuwonjezera sopo kapena sopo wamadzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwathira masamba pansi. Koma zothetsera izi sizitha kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa.

Pofuna kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, tchire:

• yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate;
• phulusa la phulusa (3 makilogalamu 10 pa madzi);
• koloko yothetsera (40 g pa 10 l yamadzi).

Zosiyanasiyana za blackcurrant zosagwira matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yatsopano ya blackcurrant imagwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tina. Ndikwabwino kubzala mitundu ingapo pachimakezo nthawi zingapo zakupsa komanso kukana matenda ambiri.

Gome: Mitundu ya Blackcurrant yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda wamba ndi tizirombo tina

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: mitundu yayikulu ya currant yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kanema: kukolola kwa centaur blackcurrant

Ndemanga

Mwina uku ndi kangaude. Masamba owonongeka amayamba kuwala, kukhala wokongola, kenako kutembenuka, kukhala wouma ndi kugwa. Imafalikira mothandizidwa ndi mphepo, mvula, tizilombo komanso mbalame, komanso malovu pansi pa masamba agwa. Ndikofunikira kuchitira currants mutangotuluka ndi Neoron, Apollo kapena gwiritsani ntchito colloidal sulfure (Thiovit, Cumus), komanso tizirombo tina tonse tomwe timalimbikitsidwa kuyang'anira nkhupakupa.

Tatuniki

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Pali cheyamani mu impso. Kukhalapo kwake kukuwonetsedwa ndi masamba ozungulirapo kumayambiriro kwa masika, omwe sadzaphuka. Chong'onoting'ono kwambiri ichi, kudya madzi a currant, amafalitsa kachilombo kena kamene maluwa ake samapereka zipatso. Kuthira madzi pachikupa cha impso - kumathandiza kwambiri. Kutupa kofiyira pamasamba a currant yakuda - nsabwe zofiira-ndulu, matumbo akadali amenewo. Kuwaza pansi pa masamba mutatola zipatso ndi chinthu chabwino, komanso bwino - ikayamba kuwoneka.

Lobelia

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Ndinkakonda kwambiri Titania. Ndi nyengo yozizira komanso chilala. Zipatso zapakatikati, zokolola zabwino. Zomwe mungafune. Titania amakhalanso ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus.

Mlimi wachichepere

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Chosangalatsa chachikulu ndi Tart. M'chilimwe ichi ndidamaliza kuyesa kwa mitundu yakuda iyi, yomwe ndidakondwera nayo. Chovuta kwambiri chinali kupeza manja osiyanasiyana, kukhala otsimikiza kuti ndi iyeyo. Ndinalandira, kuchuluka ndi kuyesedwa. Zowonadi, ndiwopamwamba kwambiri kuposa mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo, zipatso ndi kukula kwa kobiri zisanu, zonse ngati imodzi, ndipo izi ngakhale kuti nyengoyi kudakhala chilala chadzaoneni. Zosiyanasiyana ndi za mochedwa, kukoma kwa zipatso zamtundu wakuda. Ndikunena izi chifukwa ndimakulabe mtundu wina wamtundu wakuda - Pygmy, munthawi zathu ndizoyambirira, ndipo zipatso zake zimakhala zokoma kwambiri, zimatha kudyedwa ndikudya popanda kusiya chitsamba, koma kukula kwake ndikotsika ndi Yadrennaya - nyengo ino zipatso sizinafike ndalama za ruble, ngakhale zipatso zomwe zimakulira ngati ruble zimawonedwanso kuti ndizazikulu. Ndinakwanitsa kukula zipatso zamtunduwu ndi ndalama ziwiri-ma ruble ndi ndalama zokwana ma ruble asanu, koma anali ochepa kwambiri, ndipo ku Yadrenoy onse ndi amodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, zosiyanasiyana ndizopindulitsa kwambiri, chitsamba chidakutidwa ndi zipatso, nthambi ziyenera kumangirizidwa, apo ayi zitha kuthyooka. Tikabweretsa misika yazipatso zamtunduwu, zimatengedwa nthawi yomweyo, komanso makamaka chifukwa cha zipatso zazikulu.

ma lab

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Pali matenda ambiri omwe amayamba kudwala, pali tizirombo tina tambiri, koma mutha kuthana nawo. Mukamasankha mitundu ya ma currants kuti mupeze tsamba, kumbukirani kuti ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chapanthawi yake, bata ndi zipatso za ma currant baka zimachulukirachulukira.