Kukhala imodzi mwa zokongola kwambiri zokhala ndi maluwa, orchid imayenera kukhala ndi khalidweli kumapangidwe apadera a chitsamba, momwe ntchito yaikulu yokongoletsera imasewera ndi peduncle. Zonse za orchid peduncles ziwerengedwanso m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi orchid peduncle ndi chiyani?
Orchid peduncle ndi mphukira yomwe imapanga maluwa pa chomera. Kuti mukhale ndi lingaliro la momwe ilo limawonekera ilo lisanakule pa orchid, inu mukhoza kuyang'ana pa mizu yake ya mlengalenga, yomwe ili yofanana kwambiri ndi iyo mu mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Zoona, tsinde la maluwa likusiyanabe ndi iwo mu kapangidwe, kamene sikangoyang'ane nthawi yomweyo.
Kumayambiriro kwa chitukukocho, mzere wozungulira maluwa umakula mwachindunji, ndipo nthawi zambiri umagwedezeka, koma pang'onopang'ono umagwirizanitsa ndikuyamba kukula molunjika, kapena molunjika. Kuwoneka kwake ndi mdima wandiweyani wonyezimira wokhala ndi chingwe chakuthwa, chophimbidwa ndi mamba, kuchokera pansi pa masamba omwe amaoneka, ndiyeno maluwa.
Monga lamulo, chomera chimatulutsa mphukira imodzi yamaluwa, yomwe ikhoza kukhalapo kwa zaka zingapo, kumasula, maluwa omwe asanakhalepo atatha, nthambi zatsopano ndi maluwa atsopano, kapena kuti ziume pambuyo pa maluwa onse, ndikupereka mphukira yatsopano ya maluwa. Nthawi zina pamakhala zovuta kwambiri kukula, orchid imatha kutulutsa maluwa ambirimbiri kamodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikongoletsa kwambiri.
Komabe, poyankha funso la mapulaneti angapo omwe amatha kukhala ndi maluwa, sangasokoneze kumvetsera maganizo a akatswiri omwe amanena kuti kupanga mivi yambiri yamaluwa kamodzi kumatsutsana ndi chilengedwe cha maluwa omwe amachititsa kuti mphamvu ya moyo ikhalepo.
Mavuto abwino omwe maluwa a orchid amayamba mu nyimbo zachilengedwe ndi:
- kutentha kumakhala kuchokera + 22 ° С mpaka + 30 ° С;
- masana osachepera maola 12;
- mlengalenga mpweya wozizira wa osachepera 50%;
- kuthirira nthawi zonse, koma mopanda malire.
Mukudziwa? Mapologalamu a orchid, pokhala amodzi mwa mabanja akale kwambiri a zomera, omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 145 miliyoni, amapezeka pa dziko lonse lapansi, kupatulapo ku Antarctica.
Mmene mungasiyanitse mizu ku peduncle
Ndi zofanana zonse za mizu ya mlengalenga ndi peduncle kuti ayankhe funso la momwe angayankhire kumene kuli mizu, ndi kumene maluwa akuthamangira, sivuta kwambiri:
- Mphukira yamaluwa imayamba pambali ya tsamba ndi tsinde, ndipo mizu imawonekera kuchokera kumunsi kwa khola la mizu;
- nsonga ya mphukira ya maluwa imasonyezedwa, pamene idawombedwa pazu;
- pamwamba pa mphukira maluwa imadzaza ndi mamba, ndipo mizu ndi yopanda komanso yosalala.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Mtengo wa orchid umabala mphukira kwa miyezi 1-2. Ndipo zimatengera nthawi yaitali bwanji kuti maluwa aziphuka zimadalira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zomera. Pansi pazinthu zachikhalidwe, pafupipafupi, chitukuko cha peduncle kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake mpaka kufalikira kwa maluwa chimatenga miyezi 2 kapena itatu. Ndipo zinthu zosautsa kwambiri za maluwawo zimachepa kwambiri.
Kuchokera ku zikhalidwe za kukula mwachindunji kumadalira momwe maluwawo adzakhalire, omwe angakhalepo kwa miyezi inayi, ndipo mwamsanga akhoza kutha kutaya maluwa ndi masamba ndi zomera. Komanso, kukula kwa duwa kumakhudza nthawi ya maluwa, yomwe ikhoza kuchitika m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira.
Kodi nkofunika kuchepetsa peduncle ndi momwe mungachitire molondola
Monga tanenera kale, mphukira zina zimatha kubala maluwa mobwerezabwereza kwa zaka zingapo, pamene zina zimauma pambuyo maluwa, ndikusiya malo awo ku mapesi atsopano. Choncho, sayenera yomweyo kuchotsedwa ottsvyotshy maluwa, ziribe kanthu momwe unaesthetic izo zikuwoneka. Malingana ngati iyo ikhalabe ndi mtundu wake wobiriwira, izo siziyenera kukhudza.
Koma panthawi yomweyi, pali zizindikiro zomwe zingadziwe bwinobwino ngati peduncle yayamba kale kudula:
- ngati utawu wobiriwira unayamba kutembenuka chikasu mwamsanga kapena kukhala ndi tani zofiirira, zofiira ndi zofiirira;
- peduncle wouma kwambiri;
- miyezi sikisi wobiriwira maluwa mphukira musapereke maluwa.
Mtsinje wodzala maluwa ukuyenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya njira ya masentimita atatu kuchokera ku tsamba sinus.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kudulira:
- mkasi;
- mpeni wamphamvu;
- pruner
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo musayambe kuuma maluwa ndi manja anu.
Kusamalira kwina pa kukula kwa peduncle
Mtsinje ukamapezeka pa orchid, m'pofunikira kusintha zina kuti zisamalire zomera:
- Ngati peduncle sizimawoneka m'chilimwe, ndibwino kuika mphika ndi maluwa pawindo lawindo lawindo lomwe likuyang'ana kumbali kuti liwonekere;
- kuthirira ayenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala 1 nthawi masabata awiri;
- Pambuyo pake maluwawo akuwonekera pamtambo wa orchid, kukula kwa feteleza kumafunika kuchepetsedwa pang'ono;
- Pamene peduncle yafika pamtunda wake wokwanira kukula ndi mawonekedwe ake, kudyetsa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa.
Zomwe zimapangidwira kubereka
Kunyumba, ma orchid amafalitsidwa ndi:
- magawano a rhizomes;
- mbande;
- ana.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, kubereka kwa ana, kumapanga pavi, kumatengedwa kuti ndi odalirika komanso odalirika ku chitetezo cha mbewu.
Ubwino wotsatira wa njirayi ukudziwika:
- chomera cha mayi sichivulazidwa;
- Chiwerengero chochuluka cha mbande chimachokera;
- chisangalalo cha ntchito;
- luso lodziimira paokha limadzutsa impso.
Koma kuti maphunziro a ana apange zofunikira zina:
- orchid ayenera kukhala wamkulu;
- liyenera kukhala ndi masamba 4;
- mizu yake iyenera kukhala yathanzi;
- nthawi yamaluwa iyenera kutha;
- ndi koyenera kuti mukhale mkati mwa nthawi yamapeto pakati pa kutha kwa chisanu ndi pakati pa chilimwe;
- Amafunika mphukira zatsopano ndi masamba omwe anayamba.
Werengani momwe mungapangire maluwa a orchid.
Kuonjezera apo, kuyesayesa kwina kuli kofunika kwa anthu mwa mawonekedwe a:
- onetsetsani kuti maola a mdima ndi ofupika kuposa maola khumi ndi dzuwa;
- kupanga kuwala kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera pa 25 ° С masana mpaka 17 ° С usiku;
- Kusunga chinyezi chokhazikika pa 50%;
- Kuthetsa feteleza feteleza.
Momwemo njira yoberekera ya orchid kudzera mwa peduncle ndi motere:
- Mtsinje wa maluwa ndi masamba otukuka amadulidwa kuti pulogalamu 3 masentimita atalire pa chomera cha mayi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makala ophwanyika omwe amavutitsidwa mlungu uliwonse.
- Ndondomeko yodulidwa ya peduncle imayikidwa mu chidebe chowonekera ndi piritsi yowonongeka pansi, momwe madzi otentha amatsanulira pamtunda wa masentimita asanu.
- Kuti apange zowonjezera kutentha, chidebecho chimakhala ndi filimu yowonetsera ndipo imayikidwa pamalo abwino pamalo otentha mpaka 27 ° C.
- Madzi otsika amasintha mlungu uliwonse.
- Pamene masamba atatu ndi mizu yayitali kufika masentimita asanu amapangidwa pa mwanayo, amalekanitsidwa ndi mphukira yamaluwa ndi tsamba.
- Mwana wolekanitsidwa amabzalidwa mu chidebe chowonekera ndi wosweka ndi wothira makungwa a pine.
- Chidebecho chimakhala ndi filimu yowonetsera ndipo imayikidwa pamalo okwanira, nthawi zina kumeta makungwa.
- Pambuyo pa masamba awiri atsopano, kuvala filimu kumachotsedwa.
Mavuto angakhalepo
Kawirikawiri, eni ake a orchid amakumana ndi malo omwe nthawi yayitali samafuna pachimake.
Vuto lomwelo liri kuthetsedwa motere:
- Ndikofunika kulimbikitsa kuunika kwa maluwa ndikubweretsa kwa theka la ora.
- Kuthirira, mmalo mwake, kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, kupanga mapakati pakati pa gawo lapansi moistening masiku khumi.
- Ulamuliro wa kutentha umasinthidwanso, chifukwa kutentha kwapamwamba kumachititsa kukula kwa zobiriwira, koma kumaletsa maonekedwe a peduncles. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha masana, omwe ayenera kukhala osachepera madigiri 4. Pankhani imeneyi, kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumayenera kusungidwa pa 21 ° C.
- Pofuna kuyambitsa maonekedwe a peduncle, feteleza yowonjezeredwa ndi feteleza yomwe ili ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu imafunika. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okonzekera monga "zircon" kapena succinic asidi monga chovala chapamwamba, chotsogoleredwa ndi zilembazo.
N'chifukwa chiyani amaluwa amatha kukhala ndi chikasu?
Ngati maluwawo ali otsekemera, izi zikhoza kusonyeza njira yachilengedwe yochotsera chovala choyambiriracho, ndi vuto kuti likhale ndi maluwa. Monga lamulo, chikasu chimayambira ndi nsonga ya muvi, yomwe imakhala yotupa pang'onopang'ono. Ndondomeko ya chikasu imaphatikizidwa ndi maonekedwe a mawonekedwe a maluwa, kuchepa kwa kukula kwake, kuoneka kwa maonekedwe ofiira.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu ina ya orchid, ubweya wofiira kapena nsalu zofiirira ndi mtundu wozoloŵera wa peduncle ndipo sichiwonetsa kuvutika kwake.
Momwemo, pamodzi ndi maluwa, mphutsi zimayamba kutembenukira chikasu, Ndikofunika kufotokozera zolakwika pazomera za mbeu, zomwe zimaperekedwa:
- Kuphwanya kusungunula kwa chinyezi, zomwe siziyenera kupita kupitirira 30-80%;
- Kusankha mwangwiro kuunikira, osapereka zowunikira tsiku ndi tsiku;
- kusowa kwa feteleza, komanso katundu wawo;
- Mavuto omwe amakhumudwitsidwa ndi kusuntha mbewu kupita kumalo ena ndi zosiyana;
- kupweteka kwamakono kwa maluwa okongola;
- matenda okhudzana ndi putrefactive njira.
Panali madontho othamanga pa peduncle
Chodabwitsa ichi chimasonyeza mavuto omwe ali mu chomera. Kawirikawiri, imasonyeza kuti paliponse mpweya ndi gawo lapansi. Madzi otsekedwa ndi maluwawa apangidwa kuti azionetsetsa kutentha kwa mkati mwa orchid. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, kuchepetsa kutentha mu chipinda ndikusiya kutentha mpweya ndi nthaka.
Ngati izi sizikukonza vutoli, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kupezeka kwa tizirombo motere:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- kangaude;
- scythes;
- mealybug
Chifukwa chowonongedwa awo ayenera:
- Sambani masamba ndi njira yothetsera sopo.
- Dya dothi.
- Wonjezerani kutentha kwa mpweya.
- Panthawi imodzimodziyo amachepetsa kutentha, chifukwa chapamwamba chimapangitsa chitukukochi kukula.
- Tsatirani chitsamba cham'maluwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Aktara.
Imauma ndi kuwonongeka phesi la maluwa
Kuwumitsa kwa maluwa okongola nthawi zambiri, kupatula chifukwa cha chilengedwe, kumayambitsa kusowa kwauni. Pochotsa vutoli, munthu sayenera kubwereza zolakwa za wamaluwa ambiri osadziŵa zambiri, omwe, kuti akwaniritse zofanana za kuunikira, nthawi zonse azikhala ndi mphika ndi maluwa. Izi siziyenera kuchitika mwanjira iliyonse, chifukwa kusintha kulikonse komwe kuli malo kapena malo ake mu danga kumayambitsa kupweteka maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Mmodzi wa orchid wa mitundu ina ya zomerazi akhoza kupanga mbewu zokwana mamiliyoni 4. Iyi ndi mbiri ya zokolola za maluwa.
Chofunika kwambiri pa umoyo wa chitsamba cha orchid amasewera ndi zizindikiro za kutentha, komanso momwe zimakhalira ndi chinyezi cha gawolo pamene amapita mopitirira malire a zizindikiro zabwino zomwe takambirana pamwambapa. Zowola zimakhudza mphukira ya maluwa pamodzi ndi maluwa onse pokhapokha ngati akuphwanya lamulo la kuthiriririra ndi chitukuko cha njira zowonongeka.
Kuyenda kochepa
Ngati peduncle ikatuluka pachifuwa cha tsamba, koma pang'onopang'ono ikamachepetsa chitukuko chake, m'pofunika koyamba kuti tcheru kumvetsetsa kwa maluwa, chifukwa iyo imathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa maluwa.
Muyenera kuyika chidebecho ndi chomera kumalo okonzedwa kwambiri, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera muyenera kupereka maluwa ndi kuunikira kwina. Ngati izi sizikukwanira, muyenera kuwonjezera mphamvu ya kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Monga lamulo, pambuyo pa ntchito zonsezi, maluwa akuyamba kukula molimba mtima.
Kukongola kosamvetseka kwa maluwa a orchid nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuthandizidwa ndi munthu, kapena ngakhale, kawirikawiri, kukondweretsa maonekedwe ake. Komabe, khama la alimi a maluwa samatsimikizira kuti ndilokwanira pambali pa matsenga a maluwa a orchid.
