Apricot amakonda kumera m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, koma mpaka pano, mitundu yambiri yamtengowu idapangidwa, kuti izitha kukula nyengo yozizira. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi mitundu ya Triumph North.
Mbiri yakulenga komanso kufotokoza kwa mitundu ya ma apricot a Triumph North
Apricot Triumph Kumpoto adapezeka podutsa malo odziwika komanso oyesedwa a Krasnoshchekiy ndi Transbaikal Apricot Northern Early, omwe anali ngati katundu. Cholinga cha ntchitoyi chinali kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nyengo yozizira ya Krasnoshchek ndikusungabe machitidwe ake abwino. Ndipo adakwanitsa.
Poyamba, mitundu yatsopano idapangidwa kum'mwera kwa Central Black Earth, koma idafalikira mwachangu ku njira yonse yapakati (kuphatikiza Chigawo cha Moscow ndi Leningrad Region), idadutsa ma Urals ndikugonjetsa Siberia.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi matalala olimba kwambiri nthawi yozizira (-30 ... 35 ° C) komanso kutentha kwa maluwa ozizira kwa maluwa (-28 ° C).
Mtundu wina wabwino chifukwa cha kusankha anali apricot - kutalika kwa mtengo. Ngati kholo lake lopanda korona limatha kukula mpaka 12 m ndi zaka zake zovomerezeka, ndiye kuti Mgonero wa Northern uli ndi korona wolimba, wobiriwira mpaka 4 m.
Zipatso ndizambiri, nthawi zambiri zimalemera 50-60 g, lalanje-lalanje pamtundu, pubescent pang'ono, okoma. Mwalawo umasungika mosavuta, pakati ndiwotsekemera, ndi kununkhira kwa amondi, kudyedwa.
Kucha zipatso za apricot Triumph kumpoto sikukutha masiku angapo
Limamasula, monga ma apricots onse, koyambirira, ndipo kumapeto kwa Julayi - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimacha. Zipatsozi zimamangika nthambi ndipo, kucha, osagwa masiku angapo, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwachotse pamtengo.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zodzala kwambiri ndipo sizitanthauza kukhala pafupi ndi opukutira, omwe mosakayikira amatanthauza zabwino zake.
Kukula msanga kumathandizanso kwambiri - wolima munda amatha kulawa zipatso zoyambira kale mchaka cha 3-4. Zokolola kwambiri (50-60 kg) zimayenera kudikirira mpaka zaka 10-12.
Kutalika kwa mtengo wa zaka 25, ndi chisamaliro chabwino - mpaka zaka 40. Koma zokolola za ma apricots akale zimachepetsedwa, motero ndikofunika kusamalira nthawi yake ndikusintha pang'ono.
Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana ndi matenda akuluakulu komanso tizirombo, koma njira zodziwika bwino, sizivulaza.
Kanema: Apricot Triumph North
Kukula Kumpoto kwa Apricot
Zachidziwikire, mitundu ya Triumph ndi kumpoto kwa kumpoto, koma zaka zoyambirira ziyenera kutetezedwa ku chisanu, kusefukira kwamadzi, kutentha kwanyengo, kuchokera ku ma hares. Ndikwabwino kusankha dzuwa, malo abata, otetezedwa kumpoto ndi kumpoto ndi zotchinga (khoma la nyumba, mpanda, mitengo yayitali, etc.), mutha kuteteza mmera ndi chikopa chomangidwa mwazaka zoyambirira. Apurikoti amakonda dothi lotayirira, pang'ono lokhalokha acid kapena losalowerera ndale.
Kusankha ndi kusunga mbande
Ndikwabwino kugula mwana wocheperako, wazaka zakubadwa 1-2. Nthawi yabwino yogulira mmera ndi yophukira. Pankhaniyi, wolima munda mwiniwake adzaiyika kuti isungidwe - izi zimapereka chidaliro kuti zinthu zobzala zidasungidwa bwino.
Kusunga mbande moyenera kumachitika motere:
- Mizu yake imayikidwa mu phala la dongo ndi mullein.
Asanatumize kuti isungidwe, mizu ya mmera imamizidwa mu dothi.
- Kukulunga mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza.
Mizu yodzikulunga ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena burlap.
- Amaikidwa m'thumba la pulasitiki (sayenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu). Nthawi ndi nthawi muziyang'ana momwe mizu iliri - siyenera kukhala youma.
- Iikeni muchipinda chapansi pa kutentha osati pansi pa 0 ° C ndipo osati kuposa + 5 ° C.
Muthanso kukumba sapling nthawi yachisanu. Pankhaniyi pokhapokha ngati mutayikirana ndi china chake (spanbond, udzu, matalala, ndi zina) ndikutetezedwa ku makoswe.
Nthawi yayitali
Ndikwabwino kubzala apurikoti kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamasamba, masamba asanatseguke, koma ngati pali chiopsezo chobwerera chisanu, ndibwino kuchedwetsa kubzala mpaka nthaka itayamba kufunda mpaka + 5 ... + 10 ° C. Atha kukhala kumapeto kwa Epulo ndi kuyamba kwa Meyi. Pakadali pano, mmera suyenera kuchotsedwa m'malo osungiramo osabzala, kuti udzutse nthawi isanakwane. Amadzuka atabzala kale ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuzika mizu.
Kukonza dzenje
Kukonzekera dzenjelo kuyenera kukhala m'dzinja kapena masika, ndiye muyenera kuchita izi osachepera masabata awiri musanabzale.
Ndondomeko
- Amakumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 70-80 ndi mulifupi mwake (akhoza kukhala lalikulu, zilibe kanthu).
- Dothi lakumunda lachonde limayikidwa pambali.
- Dzenje likakonzeka, limathiridwa pansi, ndikuwonjezera kuti:
- Zidebe za 3-4 za humus (zitha m'malo mwake ndi kompositi);
- Malita atatu a phulusa la nkhuni;
- 300 g wa superphosphate.
- Zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa ndi fosholo ndipo zimakutidwa ndi filimu kuti madzi asatsuke michere.
Kubzala mmera
Njira yofikira:
- Pezani mmera pamalo osungira, muyang'anitsitse, kumasula mizu, ngati pali zowonongeka, konzani ndi secateurs. Mutha kuyika mizu musanabzalire kwa maola 1-2 m'madzi ndi kuphatikiza ndi chowonjezera muzu, mwachitsanzo, Kornevin.
- Mdzenje, konzani mulu kuchokera mu msanganizo wa michereyo, ikani mmera, mutayala mizu ndikuphimba ndi dothi. Muyenera kugona zigawo, pang'onopang'ono kuti musawononge mizu. Khosi la mizu liyenera kuzamitsidwa ndi masentimita 3-5, komanso pamtunda wowala - ndi 8-12 cm.Nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti malowo sanaphimbidwe, ayenera kukhala osachepera 5 cm pamwamba pamunsi kuti ateteze kukalamba. Ngati ndi kotheka, mmera ukhoza kumangirizidwa ndi chithandizo.
Ngati ndi kotheka, mmera ukhoza kumangirizidwa ndi chithandizo
- Pangani bwalo lozungulira, chitsime chamadzi, mulch. Dulani mbande ya chaka chimodzi mtunda wa 50 cm kuchokera pansi. Ngati mmera uli ndi nthambi, zifunika kufupikitsidwa ndi 5-10 cm, osasiya masamba awiri pachilichonse.
Mutha kudula mmera kutalika kwa 50 cm kuchokera pansi
Zingakhale bwino ngati mwana wanu adzala mtengo nanu. Zowonadi, adzakumbukira mphindi yosangalatsayi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Apatseni mwana wanu mwayi wotenga nawo mbali pakubzala apurikoti
Maonekedwe akusamalidwa komanso zochenjera za kulima
Zosiyanasiyana Triumph Kumpoto zomwe adatengera kuchokera kwa Krasnoshchek posadzichotsera, chifukwa chake wosamalira mundawo samabweretsa vuto lililonse. Kwenikweni, pamabwera kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, komanso kudulira.
Popeza Triumph North ndi mitundu yolekerera chilala, imathiriridwa madzi pang'ono, ndipo ngati muli ndi mwayi ndi mvula, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri amadumpha izi. Ndikofunikira kuti bwalo loyandikira-thunthu lisamasuke - izi zimathandizira kuti mizu ikhale ndi mpweya komanso imalola chomera kuti chinyowe madzi amvula. Ngati nyengo ili youma, ndiye kuti ma apricot samakonda kuthiriridwa madzi, koma zochulukirapo, katatu kokha. Nthawi zambiri amachita izi:
- kasupe, atatha maluwa;
- M'chilimwe, nthawi ya zipatso;
- mutakolola.
Kuthirira apurikoti Triumph Kumpoto kumafunikira pafupipafupi, koma kwambiri
Kukula kwa kuthirira kumabwera ndi zaka. Ngakhale kuti mtengowo ndi wachichepere (mpaka zaka 4-5) ndipo mizu yake sinakulidwe mokwanira, imafunikira kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, kuonetsetsa kuti dothi siliphwa. Kuphatikiza ndi msipu, mankhusu a mpendadzuwa, utuchi wowola, ndi zina zotere.
Ngati pakubzala feteleza wokwanira, ndiye kuti amayamba kumeza penapake mchaka chachinayi, pomwe mbewu zoyambirira zikuoneka. Amadyetsa pafupipafupi - feteleza wachilengedwe, monga kompositi, humus, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pazaka 3-4. Mulingo wakugwiritsa ntchito - 1 chidebe 2 m2 bwalo. Chaka chilichonse, mtengo umathiriridwa masika ndi feteleza wa mchere osungunuka m'madzi. Bokosi lamasewera a nitrate ndi 0,5 bokosi la potaziyamu monophosphate amawonjezeredwa 1 ndowa yamadzi. Awa ndi miyeso 1 m2. Ngati dothi lili louma, ndiye kuti asanadye mtengowo madziwo ayenera kuthiriridwa. Mukugwa, asana kukumba, superphosphate imabalalika pansi pa bwalo la thunthu lomwe kale limayeretsa namsongole ndi masamba okugwa (1 matchbox pa 1 mita2).
Kudulira
Kudulira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha apricot kumpoto:
- Kudulira kwaukhondo kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena koyambirira kwa kasupe ndipo kumakhala kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zowuma, zodwala komanso zowonongeka, zomwe zimawotchedwa, chifukwa zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mphutsi za tizirombo.
- Kudulira kosamalidwa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo ndi ukhondo ndipo kumapangitsanso kufupikitsa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a nthambi zonse, kupatula chigoba. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale mphukira zazing'ono, chifukwa chake, kuwonjezeka kwa maluwa.
- Kudulira kumapangidwa kuyambira nthawi yobzala mpaka korona atapangidwa bwino.
Njira yopangira korona ndi iyi:
- Mukabzala, mmera wam pachaka umadulidwa 30 cm masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Osachepera 3-4 kukula masamba akhalepo, pomwe achinyamata mphukira kukula mwa yophukira.
- Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe nthendayo imayima, kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthambi zonse ndi wochititsa wapakati amafupikitsidwa ndi 30-40%, ndipo wochititsa wapakati akuyenera kukhala 30-30 cm kuposa nthambi yapamwamba.
- Ngati pali nthambi zambiri, sankhani pakati pawo mwamphamvu kwambiri 2-3 ndikupezeka imodzi pamwamba pa inayo ndi masentimita 20-30. Komanso ayenera kukula mosiyanasiyana. Ndiye mtengo woyamba wa nthambi zamankhwala udzapangidwa. Nthambi zotsala, ngati zilipo, "zidulidwa kukhala mphete".
- M'chaka chachitatu, nthambi za gawo loyambirira zimafupikitsidwa ndi gawo lachitatu ndipo gawo lachiwiri limapangidwa. Mfundo zake ndi zofanana - sankhani nthambi zitatu zomwe zili pamwamba pa nthambi za gawo loyambilira ndi kulumikizana komweku. Amafupikitsidwa kuti ndi ofupikirapo kuposa nthambi za gawo loyambirira, ndipo wochititsa wapakati adadulidwa 30 cm cm pamwamba pawo.
- M'chaka chachinayi, gawo lachitatu la nthambi za chigoba limapangidwa mwanjira yomweyo ndipo wochititsa wapakati amadulidwatu pamwamba pa nthambi yayikulu kwambiri. Mapangidwe a mtengo wamalizidwa.
Mapangidwe korona wa Apricot amathera pa 4 chaka
Kudulira-kukalamba kumachitika ngati zipatso za mtengowo zikucheperachepera, ndipo maluwa atatsala pang'ono kuleka kupanga mkati mwa korona.
Kudulira-kukalamba kumakhala kofunikira pomwe zipatso za mtengo zimachepa
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta apurikoti ndi njira zolimbana nawo
Chipambano chakumpoto sichimalimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi tizirombo tomwe timabadwa mu ma apricots. Komabe, osanyalanyaza zovuta za njira zodzitetezera zochitira mbewu zonse m'mundamo.
Zochitika zoterezi zimachitika motere:
- Kutolera ndi kuwononga masamba agwa. Ndi bwino kusaigwiritsa ntchito kompositi, chifukwa imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya bowa, mphutsi, nkhupizo, ndi zina zambiri mwanjira imeneyi.
- Kudulira mwaukhondo, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Dulani nthambi zodwala ndi zowuma nazonso zimawotchedwa. Chifukwa cha miyeso iwiriyi, feteleza wofunikira atengedwa - phulusa.
- Mphutsi zina, kafadala ndi nkhupakupa zikabisala m'mizere kumtunda kwa dothi la mitengo yopangira nyengo yachisanu, ndipo mwina pakhoza kukhala mafinya ambiri. Mukakumba dothi pansi pa mtengo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, alendo onsewa adzaukitsidwa ndi kufa ndi chisanu.
- Kupukutira kwazitsotso ndi mabowo ndi nthambi za chigoba kudzateteza ku kuwotcha kwamasupe, kumatchinga njira yopita ku korona wa mbozi, nsikidzi, nyerere, zomwe zimanyamula nsabwe za masamba mpaka masamba achichepere.
- Kuti tisiye tizilombo, kupukutira pakokha sikokwanira. Malamba osaka okhala pansi pamiyendo ingathandize polimbana nawo.
- Kudula mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo ikuluikulu yokhala ndi zitseko kumatiteteza ku kuluma kwa khungwa.
- Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono komanso tizirombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi yozizira timakhazikika mu makungwa a mtengo. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa ma apricots okalamba. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa zigawo zakufa za khunguyo ndikuchotsa malowa ndi yankho la 3% yamkuwa kapena sulfate yachitsulo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kawiri - kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso koyambirira kwa masika, chifukwa cha kuyamwa.
- Kumayambiriro kasupe, chithandizo chamankhwala chimachitika ndi fungicides (mankhwala a fungal matenda) ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo (tizirombo). Pali mankhwala apadziko lonse omwe amaphatikiza mitundu yonse ya fungicidal ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo - iyi ndi DNOC (iwo sangathe kubzala mbewu mopitilira 1 nthawi yazaka 3), Nitrafen ndi ena.
Mwinanso Matenda a Apricot Matenda Opambana Kumpoto
Triumph North imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda monga coccomycosis. Moniliosis ndi mdani. Nthawi zambiri, spores ya bowa, yomwe ndiye imayambitsa matenda a moniliosis, nthawi ya maluwa, njuchi zimatola timadzi tokoma.
Chapakatikati, moniliosis imakhudza maluwa, masamba ndi mphukira
Mlimi wopanda chidziwitso amatha kusokoneza kuwotcha kwachuma kwa nthambi ndi frostbite kapena kuwotcha kwa mankhwala osavomerezeka ndi kasupe.
Ngati nthawi yotentha ilipo bwino, imatha kudzitsimikizira yokha, koma ngati zipatso zowola, zikukhudza zipatso. Kusiyana kwa mitundu ina ya zipatso zowola ndiko kusokonezeka kwa madontho akuda pamwamba pa chipatso.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za moniliosis pa zipatso za apricot ndi madontho akuda
Kleasterosporiosis - mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Komanso ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amawoneka ndi chinyezi chachikulu.
Mukangoona madontho ofiira okhala ngati masamba obiriwira pamasamba a apurikoti, muyenera kuyamba kukonzanso motsutsana ndi clastosporosis
Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ta apricot Triumph North
Zimachitika kuti tizirombo timalimbana ndi ma apricot, omwe amatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewuyo komanso kuvulaza mtengowo:
- Zida. Amakhala nthawi yozizira pakhungwa, masamba agwa ndi zinthu zina zapamwamba. Chapakatikati, podzuka, amakwera thunthu ndikukwaniritsa njala yawo. Kenako mazira amaikidwa m'dothi, pomwe nthawi yomweyo mphutsi zimayamba, kudya ana ambiri.
Tizilombo ta Weevil timadya masamba, maluwa, thumba losunga mazira a apricot
- Khrushchev. Awa ndi mphutsi za kachilomboka, kuphatikiza ndi mphutsi za May, zomwe zimadya mizu yaying'ono nthawi yachilimwe kumtunda kwa dothi.
Mu nthawi yachilimwe, Khrushchev amadya mizu yaying'ono ya mitengo
- Ma nsabwe. Ngati masamba anayamba kupindika pa apurikoti m'chigawo choyamba cha chilimwe, muyenera kubudula tsamba lotere ndikukulitsa. Mwambiri, padzakhala nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimadya masamba okoma ndikusunga ma ntchofu omwe nyerere zimakonda kwambiri. Amanyamula tizirombo tating'onoting'ono pamapewa awo mpaka pachikutu cha mtengowo.
Nyerere imanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba pa apurikoti
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Kupambana kwa mitundu yakumpoto kunalichita bwino kwambiri pamsewu wapakati. Ngakhale kumpoto kwanga kwa Moscow Region, mitunduyi imawonetsa kulimba kwambiri kwa nyengo yachisanu kwa nthambi zonse za chigoba ndi zipatso zomwe zidapulumuka - 37 nthawi yozizira. Kudyedwa mchaka cha 3 mutatha kutulutsa katemera pa mbewu zouma khosi.
Anona
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11652
Kulawa [kwa Mgonjetso wa Kumpoto] ndikwabwino, kukula kwa zipatso ndi 40 g. Sangawonongeke ndi matenda, koma pamaso pa moniliosis, iyo, monga ma apricots ena, ilibe mphamvu. Shuga wathu akupeza bwino. Zachidziwikire, mukamakoma siziyerekeza ndi mitundu yabwino yakumwera, koma kwa njira yapakati ndiyabwino kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yomwe imamera mwa ine, ndiye yabwino koposa.
Anona
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11652
Mbadwa ya Krasnoshchekov wodziwika agonjetsa madera akumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa Russia. Mosakayikira, iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolimidwira nyengo yovuta, pomwe sikungatheke kudzilimbitsa nokha ndi mabulosi okoma akumwera. Chifukwa chake, apricot Triumph North ikhoza kulimbikitsidwa kwa okhala m'dera lapakati, Urals ndi Siberia.
