Abutilon (chingwe) ndi wa banja la Malvaceae. Amamera m'malo otentha komanso otentha a South America, Australia, m'malo otentha a ku Africa, komanso ku China ndi India.
Kufotokozera
Mitunduyi imaphatikizira: mitundu yosatha yobiriwira ndi mitundu yowola; zitsamba, mitengo. Amakhala ndi mphukira zamitengo kapena udzu. Fikirani kutalika kwa 4 m m'chilengedwe.
- Pa tsinde lalitali, zooneka bwino kapena zowoneka bwino zimawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri mphukira zimakhala ndi nthambi zambiri.
- Masamba amawadula m'mabowo angapo. Iwo ali ofanana ndi mapulo: mdera lakuda kapena laimvi pakamvekedwe kokhala ndi utoto wabuluu wokhala ndi malekezero amisamba. Chifukwa chake, abutilion ali ndi dzina lodziwika - mapulo amkati.
- Mwa oimira ena, amadyera amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amizeremizere kapena amawonekedwe. Kutalika kwa masamba sikokwanira masentimita khumi. Si onse omwe ali ndi mapulo ooneka ngati mapulo; mumitundu yamitundu mitundu, mawonekedwe amitima yamagalimoto.
Pakatuluka maluwa, masamba amapangidwa ngati mabelu. Danga lawo limafikira masentimita khumi ndi limodzi. Pali mitundu ya terry abutilon yokhala ndi miyala yayikulu ya corolla. Maluwa ali ndi utoto wosiyana (kutengera mtundu wa subspecies). Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amtundu umodzi amapangidwa mu sinuses wa greenery.
Zosiyanasiyana Abutilon
Mitundu yoyenera kwambiri kunyumba:
| Onani | Feature |
| Bella | Ikayamba kuphuka, pamakhala timitengo ta pinki kapena tgolide tating'ono, mpaka 8 cm. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi yolimba, yopanda kudulira komanso kudulira. Imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 0,4 m. |
| Organza | Shrub mpaka 1 m kutalika. Ali ndi masamba osalala, obiriwira komanso maluwa akulu amodzi. Ziyenera kudulidwa. |
| Bellevue | Wosakanizidwa wokhala ndi maluwa azithunzi zonse za utawaleza. Chitsamba chobiriwira chimakhala chotalika mamita angapo mosamalitsa komanso kudulira nthawi zonse. |
| Kusakaniza kwa Bella | Wosakanizidwa wokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu achikasu, pichesi, pinki. |
| Sello | Ali ndi inflorescence kamvekedwe ka pichesi ndi mitsempha yapinki. Limamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Disembala. |
| Diso la Tiger | Chitsamba chachikulu chokhala ndi maluwa opangidwa ndi lalanje okhala ndi mitsempha yofiyira. Mukayang'ana chithunzi chake, akufanana ndi nyali. |
| Juliet | M'miyezi 12 yokha, mitunduyi imakula mpaka 0.5 m. Maluwa amakhala chaka chonse, amayamba miyezi 6 atabzala. Masamba ndi akulu, owala, m'mimba mwake amafika 6 cm. |
| Amazonia | Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, limaphuka chaka chonse. Masamba ake amafanana ndi nyali yaku China yolira. Imakhala ndi mawu awiri: nsonga yake ndi yachikasu, ndipo corolla ndi yofiira. |
| Terry | Ali ndi masamba opinkika a pinki. Ichi ndi chitsamba chokulirapo. |
| Tsamba la mphesa | Maluwa angapo amapanga burashi ndi kugwa ngati ulusi wazitali zazitali. Amakhala ndi lilac kapena buluu. Kuwonekera mu Meyi. Masamba ndi ofanana ndi mphesa, chifukwa chake dzinalo. |
| Waku America (wosakanizidwa) | Imakula mpaka 0,5 m. Imakhala ndi makungwa a bulauni. Maluwa amabwera osiyanasiyana, kuyambira oyera mpaka burgundy. |
| Chiarabu | Limamasula chaka chonse. Mphukira zake ndi zazikulu, zapinki. Makulidwe nthawi zambiri samapitirira 40 cm. |
Mokwanira pali ma subspecies opitilira 100 (Macrame, Lobelia Maranta, Neon Pink, Ornella, Variegata kapena mosagated, Chardon, Isabella ndi ena).
Kusamalira pakhomo
Kusamalira abutilone kunyumba sikubweretsa mavuto ambiri. Nthawi zabwino, mtengo umakula mpaka padenga. Ikukula ndikukula msanga. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malingaliro osavuta.
Wobzala ndi kusankha dothi
Poyamba, chingwechi chimadzala mumphika wa lita.
Mtengo uli ndi zodabwitsa: mpaka mizu yake imakuta dziko lonse lapansi, siyamba kuyamba kuphuka.
Payenera kukhala mabowo okumba pansi pa thankiyo. Ngati mizu itatuluka mwa iwo, nthawi yakwana.
Pali njira ziwiri zakukonzera dothi:
- mchenga wowuma, peat, dziko lansanja m'magawo ofanana;
- mchenga wowuma, humus, wamasamba, wamtundu wapansi - 0.5: 1: 1: 2.
Mutha kugula zosakaniza zomaliza mu sitolo yapadera.
Kutentha Kwambiri
Ngati simusunga kutentha mnyumba, abutilon ayamba kupweteka ndikuwuma, imatha kukhala yachikaso. M'nyengo yotentha ndizabwino kwambiri - + 25 °, m'nyengo yozizira - + 12- + 15 °.
Kutentha kochepa, chitsamba chimafa.
Abutilon salekerera kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu kutentha, kutentha. Pa + 30 ° ndi kupitilira, iye amataya miyala ndi mafuta. Komanso, mbewuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa pamalowo.
Chitsamba sichimakonda dzuwa. Ndikwabwino kuyiyika kum'mawa, kumadzulo, kumwera chakumadzulo, kumwera chakum'mawa. Ndikwabwino kuyiyika kumwera chakumwera. Dzuwa lowala lidzayipitsa mbewu.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mapu amkati amakonda madzi. Amafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse. Komabe, simuyenera kumuyang'anira. Chinyontho chowonjezera chidzawononga chitsamba, komanso kuchepa kwake.
M'chilimwe nthawi zambiri amakhala amathilira madzi ambiri. Dziko lomwe lili m'miphika limakhala lonyowa pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, ngati chitsamba sichimaphuka, kuyimitsa pang'ono nthaka kumaloledwa.
Palibe chifukwa chothirira mtengowo. Komabe, akapangidwa, amakula athanzi, lamphamvu. Kutisuntha kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi yozizira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ngati chitsamba chili pansi pa cheza cha ultraviolet, kuthilira kumachitika madzulo. Kupanda kutero, madontho otentha padzuwa adzayambitsa kutentha kwamtchire.
Kudyetsa
Feteleza wophatikizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito feteleza. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika komanso chilimwe.
Nthawi yamaluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri komanso phosphorous.
Mapangidwe ndi kupatsidwa zina
Kuti chitsamba chizioneka bwino, chimafunika kudula mphukira pafupipafupi, chimakula mwachangu. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo imakhala ndi "antenna" kapena njira zake zimayamba kupindika. Macheka amapangidwa kokha pa ofananira nawo mphukira. Kupangira nthambi yabwino komanso maluwa kuthekera kumatheka pokhazikika pamwamba. Pambuyo yozizira, mtengo umafunika kusinthidwa: kudula 1/2 ya msana (tsinde).
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatsirana abutilone pokhapokha ngati pakufunika. Muyenera kuchita izi mchaka, masamba asanawonekere. Kuika kumachitika kamodzi pachaka mumphika wokulirapo ngati mizu ya shrub imaphimbira mbulu. Akuluakulu amasamutsidwa mumphika watsopano wamphika wosapezekanso kamodzi pakapita zaka 2-3. Izi zimachitika ndi njira yotumizira, kuti isavulaze mizu.
Kubalana: malangizo ndi gawo lililonse
Kufalikira kwa njere, malangizo ndihato:
- Nthaka imazunguliridwa chifukwa cha kumasula kwake komanso kusungidwa kwanyontho. Nthaka yotsika acidity imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Mbeu imanyowa m'madzi tepid kwa maola 12.
- Mbewu zobzalidwa m'miphika ya maluwa mpaka 5mm. Mphika umakutidwa ndi polyethylene, woyikidwa m'malo otentha pansi pa dzuwa. Kuchokera pamera wophukira, mbande zimatuluka patatha pafupifupi milungu itatu.
- Mukamapanga greenery, zikumera zimasinthidwa ndikuzisunga mosiyana ndi mainchesi 7 cm.
Zomera zamphukira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu Ogasiti:
- Muzu wa 12 cm wokhala ndi tsinde losunthika umatengedwa. Mphukira zam'munsi ndi masamba amadulidwa.
- Njirazo zimabzalidwa m'mbale zazing'onoting'ono, zokhala ndi mabanki (makhothi obiriwira abwino amapangidwa). Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mphukira zimayamba kukulira. Tisaiwale kuchita kuthirira, kuthirira, mpweya wabwino.
- Kufika kwa mbande zolimba kumachitika miphika ndi awiri osaposa 7 cm.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo kumayambitsa kufa kwa chitsamba. Kuti mupewe izi, ziyenera kuyesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi pansi pagalasi lokulitsa kuti pakhale tizilombo, matenda. Pukutsani mlengalenga mozungulira abutilon. Ngati tizilombo tavulala, mankhwala amagulidwa m'masitolo apadera kuti athane nawo.
Mapu amkati akudwala chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kuola mizu kumachitika.
Gwiritsani, pindulani, kuvulaza
Abutilon amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera (mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya ampere imawoneka bwino motsutsana ndi maziko a denga lotambalala). Ilinso ndi ntchito zaukadaulo pokonzekera. Kuchokera pamitengo:
- chingwe chophulika;
- zingwe;
- Zingwe zazitali za ctex komanso zoluka bwino.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ili ndi dzina limodzi - chingwe. Ilibe zinthu zovulaza, koma kwa anthu ena imakhala yolumikizana. Pali chizindikiro choti chingwe chimabweretsa mavuto kunyumba, koma izi ndi nkhambakamwa chabe.
