Platicerium - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Platicerium (Platycerium), antler, ploskorog- kuchokera kwa banja Centipede. Amakhala a epiphytes, m'malo achilengedwe amakula, amagwira mphukira za zitsamba, miyala kapena mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo. Malo obadwira a platitcerium ali kumadera otentha a Southeast Asia. Imapezeka zachilengedwe ku Australia ndi Africa. Kutalika kwa Fern - 0,25 m, kutalika kwa masamba - mpaka 0.8 m.

Zimayamba pa liwiro lapakati. Kunyumba, nditha kukhala zaka zambiri, chaka chilichonse ndikupanga masamba osapitilira 3. Platicerium sikuti pachimake, koma ili ndi chidwi ndi masamba akuluakulu owoneka ofanana ndi anyoka. Mayina a mizu amabwerera ku maziko achi Greek a platus - "flat" ndi ma kera - "nyanga".

Zothandiza zimatha platicerium

Platicerium imayeretsa mpweya mchipindacho, ndikukonza zoyipa zamagetsi am'madzi - propane, methane, butane, ethane (ambiri aiwo amalowa m'chipindacho kudzera masamba owonekera pamsewu). Chomera maselo obisika - maantibayotiki opangidwa ndi chilengedwe.

Izi zopanda mafuta zimayeretsa mpweya wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuwadzaza ndi ma ion othandiza.

Platicerium: chisamaliro chakunyumba (mwachidule)

Pokhala chomera chosazindikira, platicerium imakula bwino kunyumba. Koma kuti fernyo asakhale mumphika, ndikuponya masamba mwachisoni, ndikukongoletsa nyumbayo, muyenera kudziwa zomwe amakonda:

Pali mawonekedwe a kukula kwa platycerium. Gawo loyamba limalumikizidwa ndi masamba a fern. Mtengowo uli ndi vayi (ziwalo zofanana ndi masamba) zamitundu iwiri:

1. Wosabala - masamba othandizira. Awa ndi masamba osalala otchingidwa ndi mamba. Pamalo pakati pa iwo ndi thunthu la mtengo womwe wakula, organic imangodziunjikira monga masamba akufa a mtengo wochirikiza ndipo wosabala amadzisiyira okha. Masamba amawuma msanga, amatembenuka bulauni ndi kufalikira. Popita nthawi, masamba owola amakhala chakudya cha mizu ya mbewu.
2. Masamba otambalala kwambiri ofanana ndi nyanga za agwape. Amagwira ntchito yobereka, amasunga chinyontho mu fern ndikuchitchinjiriza ku kuwala kowala.

Masamba amasamalidwa mosamala, masamba osabala sawadula. Chinanso ndi chakuti platycerium ndi ya mbewu za epiphytic, nthawi zambiri imamera pamtengo kapena pamtengo. Kuti muchite izi, moss umalumikizidwa ndikudula kwa mtengo, pomwe palimera.

Mizu ya platycerium imazunguliridwa ndi sphagnum. Fern imakhazikika ndi chingwe chowedza mpaka misomali ingapo yoyendetsedwa kuthengo. Pansi pamasamba ochepa nthaka imathiridwa. M'malo mwa kuthilira kwachikhalidwe, pankhaniyi, njira yobatizidwira imagwiritsidwa ntchito: platicerium imamizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi kotero kuti imadzaza nayo. Padzakhala madzi okwanira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Platicerium: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Ferns amatha kusintha moyo wam'nyumba, kusamalira platicerium kunyumba ndikosavuta. Koma zochitika pomuzungulira ziyenera kukhala zabwino, ndiye mbewuyo imadzakula bwino ndikukhala chokongoletsera nyumba.

Maluwa a platicerium

Nthano ya kufalikira kwa fern usiku wa Ivan Kupala imadziwika kwa onse. Duwa lomwe limaphuka kamodzi pachaka limalonjeza kukulozera njira yachimwemwe ndi chuma chochuluka. Koma iyi ndi nkhani yabwino. Kufalikira kwa platitcerium sikuwoneka, chifukwa ferns satulutsa maluwa.

Ili ndiye gulu lapadera la mbewu zomwe zidawonekera Padziko lapansi kale maluwa asanatulutse. Alibe mbewu ndi kubereka ndi spores.

Njira yotentha

Zomera zomwe zikukula, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha. Ngakhale kuti platycerium imakhala ndi kuchepa kwakanthawi kochepa kufika pa 5 ° C, simuyenera kusunga mbewuyo motenthedwe. M'nyengo yozizira, thermometer sayenera kugwa pansi + 12 ° C. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu ndi + 25 ° C.

Pulcerium yanyumba imalekerera kutentha kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya. Chomera sichikonda kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mapangidwe ake. Chifukwa chake, sichitha kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chowongolera mpweya ndi ma vents.

Kuwaza

Mumakonda chinyezi chambiri. Kumwaza malo mlengalenga mozungulira chomera kuchokera kutsitsi labwino. Nthawi yotentha, platycerium imasungidwa kutali ndi mabatire. Mbewuyi imayikidwa pallet ndi timiyala tothira.

Chinyezi mchipindacho chimathandizidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito chinyezi.

Kuwala

Pakukula koyenera kwa platicerium, kuyatsa kowoneka bwino ndi bwino. Imayikidwa bwino pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. Pokhala ndi kuwala kosakwanira, fern imakula pang'onopang'ono, masamba amatambalala ndikuwonongeka, mwina kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo.

Mphamvu yamphamvu yadzuwa imasunthanso movuta: kuyaka kumawoneka. M'nyengo yozizira, phatikizani zowunikira zowonjezera kwa maola 6 - 8.

Platycerium yokhala ndi masamba ofupikirapo imafunikira kupepuka pang'ono kuposa mitundu yokhala ndi masamba ataliitali.

Kuthirira

Fern imafunikira kuthirira pang'ono. M'chilimwe, platicerium imathiriridwa mpaka 2 mu masiku 7, nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira. Ndikofunikira kudikirira kuti danga lapamwamba la gawo lapansi liume pakati pa madzi. Ndikofunikira kutsatira muyeso. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira kumayambitsa kuola kwa mizu, kufa kwa mbewu.

Ndi dothi louma kopanda, tchire limachepa. Ochita maluwa odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kutsirira pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, platicerium imayikidwa pa pallet ndikutsanulira madzi owoneka bwino a tepid.

Zaukhondo

Zaukhondo ndizofunikira posamalira mbewu zapakhomo. Njira zosavuta za ukhondo zimathandiza kuti maluwa azikhala oyera komanso athanzi. Kumtunda kwa masamba a platycerium kumakutidwa ndi ulusi womwe umasunga chinyontho ndikuwuteteza ku dzuwa lowopsa. Mukapukuta ndi nsalu kapena kuchapa, imatha kuchotsedwa mwangozi. Fumbi lokhazikika pamasamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti liphulike kapena kuchotsa mosamala ndi burashi wopindika.

Nthawi zina mmera umamizidwa m'madzi kuti usangotsuka masamba, komanso kuti ubwezeretsanso chinyontho.

Mto wa Pitcher

Zoyala za fern sizimapangidwa bwino, ndiye kuti mphika wa platicerium umasankhidwa kwambiri komanso wotsika. Pakhale malo okwanira mumphikawo osati fern kokha, komanso madzi. Payenera kukhala dzenje lakutsikira pansi pa thankiyo.

Platicerium kunyumba nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa mumiyala yophatikizika ndi maluwa, ngati chomera cha ampel.

Dothi la platicerium

Mutha kugula gawo lapadera la ferns kapena kupanga dothi podzisakaniza nokha ndi pepalalo lapansi, lopanda phokoso ndi la peat, lotengedwa chimodzimodzi. Sinthani chisakanizo ndi makungwa ophwanyika, kaboni yokhazikika, kudula ndi moss. Kupititsa patsogolo ngalande, onjezani njerwa zosafunikira, vermiculite.

Dothi la platycerium liyenera kukhala acidic pang'ono (pH 5.7 - 6.2) komanso lopepuka kwambiri.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuthira feteleza ndi kuphatikiza ndi platycerium kumachitika kamodzi sabata iliyonse feteleza wamadzi azinthu zanyumba zofunikira - potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous - pazoyenera. Feteleza wokhathamira umasungunulidwa ndi madzi maulendo awiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito mutathilira patsiku lamitambo kapena madzulo.

Nthawi zina kuvala kopita kumutu kumachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, cholimbacho chimadzipaka katatu ndi madzi: Mlingo wambiri wa zinthu ukhoza kusokoneza maonekedwe a fern. Masamba amayamba kunenepa, ming'alu imawoneka, mtundu umayamba kuda.

Kugulitsa

Ferns za Platicerium zimasinthidwa kunyumba kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa masika, zaka 2 zilizonse. Chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yaying'ono, panthawiyi imadzaza poto, ndikuwonjezera platycerium mudzafunika. Ferns zimabzalidwa mosamala mumphika wochepa kwambiri, kusamala kuti zisakuze kukula kwake.

M'pofunikanso kupewa pamtunda pamalowo. Gawo lapansi limakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi mizu ya platicerium kotero kuti palibe mpweya uliwonse. Amathiriridwa bwino ndimadzi oundana a tepid ndikuyanika ndi sphagnum.

Ikasinthika, fernyo imasungidwa pamalo osasinthika kwa masiku angapo kuti imere bwino. Kudyetsa kumayamba pambuyo pa 2, milungu 5 mutabadwa.

Kudulira

Kuti apange korona, platycerium sifunikira kudulira. Zouma, zosabala vayi zimadzigwera zokha, sizingadulidwe: zikamwalira, zimapereka muzu ndi michere. Ndi ma buluzi ooneka ngati spore okhaokha, omwe asintha chikasu, amadulidwa kumunsi.

Nthawi yopumula

Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Okutobala mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi waFebruary, nthawi yamapumulo imatha. Kutalika kwa tsiku kumachepa, mchipindamo mpweya umakhala wouma chifukwa chotentha. Platicerium sichitha kuthiriridwa nthawi iyi pomwe pamwamba pamtunda wapansi. Chomera chimasungidwa pa + 12 ° C; sichidyetsedwa.

Ngati patchuthi

Ngati mukufuna kupita kutchuthi kwa masiku 14, platicerium imayikidwa mu pallet yokhala ndi miyala yonyowa ndikuyiyika kutali ndi dzuwa.

Kubalana kwa platycerium

Kunyumba, kubadwanso kwa platycerium kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mphukira kapena spores.

Kukula kwa Platicerium kuchokera ku Spores

Kukula kwa platycerium kuchokera ku spores sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni. Mu chomera chachikulire, zomerazo zofanana ndi fumbi la ginger zimawonekera kumapeto kwa masamba. Amasonkhanitsidwa mosamala papepala ndikuwuma. Zofesedwa dothi lotayirira, yokutidwa ndi galasi ndikusiya kutentha. Pakatha milungu 6 mpaka 7, mbande zofanana ndi moss zimatuluka. Amakwaniritsidwa mwadongosolo komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Pambuyo umuna ukachitika, mbewu zazing'ono zimakhazikitsa. Mbande zomwe zakula mpaka 50 mm zimasungidwira mumagulu osiyana.

Kufalikira kwa platycerium ndi mphukira zam'mbali

Kubwezeretsa kwa platycerium ndi mbali mphukira kumachitika nthawi zambiri. Sankhani mphukira yokhala ndi mizu ndi masamba angapo. Njirazi zimasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi chomera cha kholo ndi kubzala m'nthaka lotayirira (nthambi yodulidwayo iyenera kukhala 1, 5 cm pamtunda). Mukazika mizu, yang'anirani chinyezi cha mpweya.

Kubwezeretsanso kwa platycerium kumafuna kulondola komanso kutsatira ndendende ukadaulo kuchokera kwa wobzala, nthawi zambiri mbuye wodziwa zambiri yekha ndiye amatengera izi.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Nthawi zina chisamaliro chosayenera chimayambitsa matenda, ndipo tizirombo timagwira kwambiri chomera chofooka. Plicerium imatha kukhala ndi mavuto:

• platycerium ikukula pang'onopang'ono - mphika wawung'ono (wothira mu chidebe chachikulu);
• masamba a platycerium adakutidwa ndi mawanga bulauni - kutentha kwa dzuwa (chomera cha pritenit);
• masamba a platyserium amasanduka bulauni - kuchepa kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya wouma (chitsime chamadzi, kuyikamo thireyi ndi timiyala tonyowa);
• Masamba a platycerium amayamba kuzimiririka - kuwala kopitilira muyeso (konzekerani pamalo osasunthika);
• masamba obiriwira amawola - kuthirira kwamadzi mu kutentha kochepa (kumuika dothi lina, sinthani kuthirira);
• Masamba a platycerium amatembenukira chikasu - Kutentha kwambiri; kuthirira ochepa (konzekerani m'malo ozizira; madzi).

Nthawi zina, platycerium imakhudza nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nthata za akangaude, ndi kupindika.

Mitundu ya Platicerium Home

Pali mitundu 17 ya platycerium, yomwe ina ndiyodziwika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cham'nyumba.

Platycerium yosangalatsa, "antler" (Platycerium bifurcatum)

Yazungulira sterileunthu yokhala ndi radius wa 0, 1 m. Amapanikizidwa kumtunda ndikuisunga michere ndi chinyezi. Pambuyo pakuwola, iwo amasanduka chakudya chomera. Vayi yokhala ndi spore, yogawika m'magawo 40 mm mulifupi, imawoneka ngati agwape. Kutalika kwake kumafika pa 0, mita 5. Kuphatikizidwa mu socket.

Chachikulu chachikulu cha platycerium (Platycerium grande)

Kutalika kwa fern ndi 0.25 m. Vayi alibe njira zotsalira. Vaji yokhala ndi spore yoberekera imakhala pansi, kutalika kwake mpaka mita 1. Sortile vaji ndi yotakata - mpaka 0.6 m.

Platycerium Hillii

Amapanga masamba owongoka ambiri osadukiza. Ma loboti ena ndi ofupikirapo kuposa ena, m'mphepete mwawo amaloledwa. Kunja kumafanana ndi platycerium yama-awiri, koma yaying'ono kuposa iyo.

Platicerium ndi mbewu yobiriwira, yodabwitsa ndi masamba ake osangalatsa kwambiri. Fern wophatikizidwa ndi zigoba kapena wamkulu pachitsa, ngati kuti wafika kunyumba kuchokera pa nthano yakale. Chomera chachilendo chimakongoletsa zamkati ndikugogomezera momwe chinachokera.