Abutilon - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Abutilon (Abutilon) - osatha wobiriwira ku banja la Malvaceae. M'malo achilengedwe opezeka kotentha ku South America, Asia, Africa. China imadziwika kuti kwawo. Chimakula msanga, nthawi zina chimafikira mamita 2. Mitundu ina m'chilengedwe imakula mpaka mamita 4. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, abutilon amasangalala ndi maluwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.

Maluwa amatha kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana: ofiira, pichesi, nsomba, violet, pinki. Zikuwoneka ngati nyali zamatsenga ndipo zimapangidwa pamiyendo yayitali kumapeto kwa mpirawo, pomwe kukula kwa mpirawo sikumayima. Mtengowu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa mapulo amkati chifukwa masamba ake obiriwira opindika ngati masamba.

Zothandiza zimatha abutilon

Abutilon ndi chomera chomwe chimapereka chisangalalo. Mkhalidwe wachisoni umasandulika kukhala udindo wamphamvu wa vivacity; Zimathandizira kuwulula maluso, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chikondi komanso mgwirizano. Kulingalira za mtengo wamaluwa kumamasulira kupsinjika. Maonekedwe a Abutilon Theophrastus ndi othandiza. Furunculosis imachiritsidwa ndi msuzi wake, mabala amachiritsidwa. Zingwe zamphamvu zimamasulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi za abutilon. Pa ichi amatchedwa chingwe chingwe.

Home Abutilone Care (Mwachidule)

Abutilon kunyumba amatha pachimake kwa pafupifupi chaka. Ngakhale mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, mapu amkati sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera, koma ziyenera kusamalidwa bwino.

Pali mawonekedwe a kukula abutilon. Chapakatikati, kukula kwake kumayendetsedwa. Mphukira zina zimamera mosiyanasiyana, kumakulitsa ndikukulitsa mawonekedwe, kumachotsera mphamvu mbewu. Chifukwa chake kumapeto kwa dzinja abutilon kudula, kusiya theka kutalika, kuchotsa mphukira zofowoka. Ikayamba kukula mwamphamvu, imangirizidwa ndi chithandizo.

Kusamalira Abutilon kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kunyumba Abutilon - chitsamba cham'malo otentha. Kuchokera ku chisamaliro zimatengera kukongola ndi kutalika kwa maluwa, kutalika kwa mbewu. Kunyumba, ndizovuta kupanga zofanana ndi zomwe mapu amkati kutengera zamtundu, koma muyenera kuyandikira kwa iwo momwe mungathere.

Kufika kwa Abutilon

Kubzala abutilon kumathandiza kwambiri pakupanga mtengo wokhalitsa wamphamvu. Posankha kukula abutilon kunyumba, amasankha malo ake. Njira yabwino ndi gawo loyendetsedwa bwino mu chipindacho: chomera chimafuna kuwala nthawi iliyonse pachaka. M'chilimwe, mutha kuyiyika pakhonde kapena kupita nayo panja. Mphepo yatsopano komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa kudzathandiza mtengowu kukula msanga komanso kukula.

Maluwa

Maluwa abutilon - Zodabwitsazi ndi zokongola komanso zazitali. Imayamba kumapeto kwa Epulo ndipo imatha kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Pakatikati pa maluwa, maluwa owala kwambiri owoneka bwino pa nthambi. Amakhala ndi timiyala 5 tomwe tisonkhanitsidwa m'munsi, akhoza kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pakatikati pa duwa limafika masentimita 7.

Kutentha

Kuti akule abutilon wathanzi komanso wamphamvu, chisamaliro chanyumba chimafunikira zabwino. Zimafunikira kuti pakhale kutentha koyenera: Subcooling ndiowopsa monga kuphatikiza. M'nyengo yotentha, chipinda chomwe abutilon amakula + 22 - 27 ° C, nthawi yozizira ndi yophukira - osachepera + 15 ° C. Ngati sakumva bwino, akuwonetsa kusakhutira: kutentha kwambiri kumayamba kuyanika, kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa masamba.

Tsitsi kutentha mwadzidzidzi kuyenera kupewedwa.

Kuwaza

Abutilon samasamala kwambiri chinyezi cha mpweya. Koma nthawi yotentha komanso masiku otentha, pomwe mpweya umawuma, nthawi ndi nthawi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masamba. Popewa kuwotchedwa kwawo, izi sizimawunikidwa.

Kuwala

Abutilon amafunika kuyatsa kwabwino kuti apange masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Amakonda malo owala, koma kuwala kowala kumayambitsa masamba. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha kuyatsa kosakanikirana.. Mtengowo umayikidwa pafupi ndi mawindo akuyang'ana kumwera. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, pamene masana masana amachepa, kuwunikira kowonjezereka kumayikidwa.

Kuthirira

Abutilon Amakonda chinyezi, koma kusowa chinyezi ndikutchingira madzi nthaka ndiopsa kwa iye. Kupanda chinyezi kumabweretsa kukhetsa masamba, kutsikira mu kukula, ndi zochulukirapo kumayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba, kuyanika kuchokera masamba, kuwola kwa mizu. M'chilimwe, abutilone amamwe madzi nthawi zambiri (mpaka katatu pa sabata).

Ndiye kuti dothi likhale lonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali, limamasulidwa ndikukhazikika ndi gawo la coconut, khungwa lophwanyika. Pambuyo maluwa, kuthirira pang'ono ndikofunikira - kamodzi masiku 10.

Thirani ndi madzi okhazikika firiji.

Kukula kwa mphika

Ngati mtengowo wakula kuchokera kumbewu, chidebe chaching'ono chimatengedwa kuti chifesedwe. Abutilone ikukula mwachangu. Ikamakula, onjezerani kukula kwa mphikawo. Kufunika kosinthaku kukuwonetsedwa ndikuwonekera kwa mizu kuchokera m'maenje okumbikakumbika, kupindika kwa maluwa ndi kuchepa kukula.

Pofuna kuti shrub isakhale yovuta, m'mimba mwake mumakhala phula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono mpaka imakhala yoyenera kwa abutilon - 13 - 15 cm. Mitundu ina ya abutilon imakhala zaka zoposa 8; ma centenarians amakula m'machubu.

Ground for Abutilon

Wamasula, wolemera mu humus dothi la abutilon - chinsinsi cha kukula kwa mtengo wokongola wamphamvu. Dothi limatha msanga chifukwa mapulo amkati amawononga michere nthawi yomweyo. Pofuna kuthandiza mbewu kuti zitheke, dothi limasinthidwa kawiri pachaka, poganizira kuchuluka kwa nthaka.

Kukula kwa mtengowu kumachitika mwachangu munthaka kapena pang'ono acidic (pH pafupifupi 6), womwe umatha kukonzedwa kunyumba ndikuwonjezera biohumus, vermiculite, ndi mchenga kusakaniza kwa peat.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Abutilon amachepetsa chitukuko kuyambira Novembala mpaka Marichi, pomwe pali nthawi yopumula. Kudyetsa ndizoletsedwa panthawiyi: kukondoweza kwambiri kumathetsa mbewu. Mugawo la maluwa ndi kukula, m'malo mwake, kuphatikiza feteleza ndi umuna ndi michere ndizofunikira. Amachitika sabata iliyonse 2 atathilira.

Pamene abutilone amapanga masamba, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndikofunikira. Pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, mtengowo umakula mwachangu, koma osaphuka. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wamadzimadzi pazomera zamaluwa. Muli michere mulingo woyenera ndipo m'mimba mwake mumapezeka zinthu zina zambiri.

Thirani

Kuika ndikofunikira pamapu amkati. Zimachitika, pofotokoza zizindikiro zomwe Abutilon amapereka:

• kukula pang'onopang'ono;
• maluwa ang'ono;
• mizu protrude kuchokera mabowo ngalande;
• masamba agwa;
• mawanga owala amawoneka pamasamba chifukwa chosowa zakudya;
• m'mimba mwake mulinso mphindikati.

Kuika (kuphatikiza) abutilon kuchokera mumphika umodzi kupita kwina, kukonzanso mphamvuzo, ngati pakufunika. Tsitsimutsani dothi, chotsani masango owuma mizu ndi mizu yowonongeka. Malowo odulidwa amawazidwa ndi malasha osankhidwa. Tchire tating'onoting'ono timabzala kamodzi pachaka, akuluakulu atatha zaka zitatu. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi mumitambo nyengo, kuti mbewuyo izilekerera mosavuta ndikusintha.

Kubereka kwa Abutilon

Mtengo watsopano ukhoza kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu kapena kudulidwa.

Kufalitsa kwa Abutilon kudula

Nthawi zambiri, pamsika wazaka 5, thunthu limakhala lolimba, abutilon limakhala losawoneka bwino. Kufalikira ndi kudula - Njira yabwino yosinthira mtengo. Izi zimachitika bwino kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Zodulidwa zotalika masentimita 15 zimadulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi zamphamvu, zotsalira masamba ndi maluwa. Ikani, pang'ono pang'ono, m'nthaka yonyowa. Madzi, mulch, kuphimba ndi filimu. Popewa kudzikundana, pangani mabowo angapo. Mbande imasungidwa, kutentha pa kutentha kwa 22 25-25. Mufilimuyi imachotsedwa nthawi zonse kuti mpweya wabwino ndi kuthirira. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, zodulidwazo zimazika mizu, amazidulira mumphika.

Kukula Abutilon kuchokera ku Mbewu

Kufalitsa mbewu osati yabwino nthawi zonse: amachedwa kumera. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu za chaka chatha. Chapakatikati, mbewu zazikulu zimasankhidwa, kukonzedwa mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate. Mphesa zimapangidwa pansi ndipo mbewu zimayikidwa mtunda wa 20 mm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndikukula ndiku 5mm. Chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimakutidwa ndi polyethylene. Mahatchi amapangidwa kuti mbande "zipume". Khalani ndi kutentha kwa 20 - 23 ° C. Kanemayo amachichotsa kuti inyowetse nthaka ndikuthandizira nthaka. Pakatha milungu itatu, mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera. Masamba awiri akakula, mbande zimatsamira mumiphika ndikuyika malo owoneka bwino osakonzekera. Pakatha miyezi 6, abutilon adzaphuka.

Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imangopangidwira pokhapokha pochotsa zikhalidwe za kholo chomera.

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta Abutilon

Mtengowo ndi wopanda ulemu, koma kuusamalira mosayenera kungayambitse mavuto:

1. Abutilone amataya masamba - kuthirira kosayenera (kusayenda kwa madzi kapena kusowa kwa chinyontho), kusintha kwadzidzidzi pakuwunikira kapena kutentha, kusodza.
2. Malekezero a masamba a Abutilon owuma ndi kupindika - mpweya wouma kwambiri m'chipindacho. Ndikofunikira kupopera masamba (osakhudza maluwa); ikani kutali ndi mabatire, pafupi ndi mphikawo ikani chidebe chamadzi chotseguka.
3. Masamba a Abutilon chikasu - mpweya wouma, chipindacho ndichotentha, kusowa kwa nayitrogeni. Pukuta, kupukusa, kuvala pamwamba.
4. Zithunzi zamtundu - kuwala pang'ono. Zomera zimapangidwanso m'malo abwino.

Ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, kuthirira kwambiri, abutilon amagwidwa ndi tizirombo: nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tambiri, mealybugs, nthata za akangaude, zovala zoyera, mavu. Kuti muthane nawo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe mbewu zimasinthira.

Mitundu ya abutilone kunyumba yokhala ndi mutu ndi chithunzi

Mitundu yoposa 100 ya abutilone imadziwika. Kunyumba, ena a iwo ndi okulirapo, amasinthidwa ndi moyo wakunyumba. Awo ndi ang'ono kukula, amatulutsa nthawi yayitali ndipo safuna kuti akhale mndende.

Abutilon Megapotamicum, kapena Abutilon Amazon

Chitsamba chimakula mpaka mita 1, 5. Zimayambira ndizovunda zosalimba. Kutalika kwa masamba owaza-okwanira okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa magawo kumafikira masentimita 8. Maluwa amodzi amatalikirana pazitali zazitali. Corolla yofiira imakhala ndi mawonekedwe okhala ndi nthiti ya tubular.

Mbale zazing'ono zokhala ndi malo ofiira m'munsi ndi zachikaso. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chimaphuka chaka chonse. Ku England amatchedwa "nyali yaku China yolira."

Grapevine Abutilon (Abutilon Vitifolium)

Chitsamba chamtali chachitali, chomwe chimakula mpaka mamita 2. Masamba obiriwira owala bwino omwe ali ndi mbali zotumphukira amafika 20 cm, okhala ndi loboti atatu mpaka 5. Ma inflorescence amapakidwa utoto wamtambo kapena wa lilac, mafunde amdima akuwonetsedwa pazithunzi. Maluwa amakonzedwa m'magulu. Mphukira zazitali zimakutidwa ndi fluff. Limamasaka kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo.

Abutilon Sellowianum

Amakula mpaka mamita 2. Osaphatikizika, mphukira zowongoka zimakhala pubescent. Masamba okhala ndi masamba atatu opindika bwino amakhala osalala komanso opindika. Maluwa ali otumbulika a lilac okhala ndi mitsempha yapinki. Nthawi ya maluwa imagwera mu Julayi - Disembala.

Spotted Abutilon, kapena Phale Abutilon (Abutilon Pictum / Striatum)

Shrub yokhala ndi mphukira zazifupi komanso masamba angapo obiriwira pazomera zazitali. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ndi mtima, mawanga oyera ndi m'mbali. Maluwa agolide okhala ndi mitsempha yamdima yakuda amaoneka ngati belu. Amakhala mu axils masamba. Maluwa amagwera kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chilimwe.

Zophatikiza Zophatikiza (Abutilon Gybridum)

Abutilon amalandiridwa popanga mwa kudutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbeu. Mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse 1.5m. Mitundu ikhoza kupakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana: pinki, oyera, lalanje, ofiira, achikaso, burgundy. Streaks nthawi zonse amawoneka pa iwo - amdima kapena opepuka. Mawonekedwe, maluwa amafanana ndi mabelu. Masamba amaphimbidwa ndi mulu wosakhwima, wokhala ndi ma loboti 3 mpaka 5 ndi petioles lalitali.

Abutilon ndi chomera chokongola chomwe chimatha kutsitsimutsa ndikukongoletsa mkati. Imabweretsa mtendere ndi chisangalalo m'nyumba. Kumva chisamaliro choyambirira, komanso ndi chisamaliro chokonzeka kukonzekera pachaka chathunthu.