Palisota ndi herbaceous osatha okongoletsa. Amakonda maluwa olimapo maluwa chifukwa masamba ake akuluakulu okutidwa ndi mikwingwirima kapena utoto. Chomera cha palisot chimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha kumadzulo kwa Africa; ndi a banja la Commeline. Palisota ndi yabwino kwa okonda zoweta zapakhomo. Amakondwera ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mawonekedwe osadzichepetsa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Palisota ndi msipu, udzu wochokera kumpoto zamvula zamapiri. Imakhala ndi tsinde lalifupi kwambiri kapenanso kukula popanda iwo. Pafupifupi pansi pamatuluka masamba ambiri petiolate. Thupi petioles ndi cylindrical mawonekedwe mawonekedwe amodzi kutalika. Ma leaf amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtima kapena ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete. Kutalika kwa masamba achikopa, osalala ndi 30-50 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi 10 mpaka 40. Mbali yakumtunda kwa pepalalo ndi glossy ndi mitsempha yophikidwa. Masamba ndi utoto wakuda. Zimapezeka m'miyala ingapo, toyesa m'munsi ndizokulirapo kuposa zapamwamba.
Maluwa oyera kapena ofiira amatengedwa ndi mantha kapena kusanja inflorescence pamafupikitsidwe oyenda. Ma Peduncles amakula kuchokera pakatikati pa maluwa ndipo amapezeka pansi pa masamba. Pakati pa miyala yaulere pali ma stamens angapo achidule ndi ovary imodzi. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera pa Januware-Febere.
Maonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri ndi zipatso za palisotes. Mitundu yaying'ono yonyezimira ya mitundu yofiira, yabuluu kapena yoyera imapanga gulu lowonda kumapeto kwa peduncle. Zipatso zokhala ndi mandimu zimacha bwino pakati pa Epulo.
Malingaliro odziwika
M'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa mutha kugula palisot yamitundu itatu yokha, ngakhale mitundu yopitilira 20 ndiyolembetsa. Cofala kwambiri Palisot Barter. Masamba ake akuluakulu obiriwira amtambo amaphatikizika ndi maziko ndi miny, pubescent yoyera villi, petioles. Kutalika kwa tsamba lothothoka kumafikira 40 cm ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 15. Mawonekedwe ake amasamba obota kapena ovoid. Masamba amakhala ndi makwinya kapena mawonekedwe a wavy. Pa yochepa wandiweyani peduncle ndi wandiweyani, inflorescence ambiri. Maluwa amaluwa ama penti oyera kapena opinki. Popita nthawi, malo a maluwa amakhala ndi zipatso zofiira misuzi.
Palisota. Zomera zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu, ozungulira. Kutalika kwake sikupita masentimita 40 ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 15. Pamwamba pa pepalalo pamakhala chobiriwira chakuda. Nthawi zambiri mtsempha wapakati umapangidwa utoto wowala. Malo oyera kapena achikasu amatha kukula kapena kufupikira. Mitundu yamtundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 6 mpaka 7. Atakhala ndi maluwa ambiri olimba kwambiri pamwamba pa phokoso loguntha, amapanga inflorescence. Masamba ofiira owala bwino amapsa mkati mwa masika. Pakati pa mabulosi aliwonse pali mbewu ya imvi 3-4 cm.
Palisota Mann. Herbaceous osatha ndi masamba akuluakulu, owundana a kuwala kobiriwira. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 35 cm, ndipo m'lifupi sapitilira masentimita 10. inflorescence imafanana ndi mutu wowonda kwambiri, wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri wokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera. Zipatso - zipatso zofiirira zokhala ndi malekezero.
Kubwezeretsa palisota
Kubwezeretsanso kwa palisotes kumapangidwa ndi njere kapena njira zamasamba. Kubzala mbewu kumawonedwa kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Mbewu zokolola zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe m'miphika yosalala. Dothi lodzala limakonzedwa kuchokera kumchenga wosakanikirana, peat ndi pepala. Mbewu zofesedwa mu zitsime mpaka 5,5 mm. Mphika wokutidwa ndi filimu kapenagalasi asanatuluke. Chotetezacho chimasiyidwa pamalo otentha, chokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso chonyowa ngati pakufunika.
Mbande zikuyembekezeka mkati mwa masabata 2-4. Mbande zachikulire zimapetedwa kuti mtunda pakati pawo ukhale wa masentimita 7. Powonekera masamba anayi enieni, mbewu zazing'ono zimadumphira mumiphika ndi dothi la palisot wamkulu.
Pansi pa chitsamba, njira zazing'ono zam'mbuyo zimatha kupezeka. Zitha kupatukana ndikuziika. Nthawi zina ana amasiyidwa mu kapu ndi madzi mpaka mizu yake itawonekera. Pambuyo pochotsa, mmera umafunikira kuigwira modekha, kuthirira pang'ono ndi kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Patatha mwezi umodzi, mbewuyo imatha kusintha chilichonse.
Poika zodzala, mutha kuzifalitsa pogawa chitsamba. Njirayi siichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa imamanga unyinji wobiriwira kwa nthawi yayitali. Muzuwo umadulidwa m'magawo angapo ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndipo wodulidwa amathandizidwa ndi makala osweka. Pa gawo lililonse, zipatso ziwiri zokha ziyenera kusiyidwa. Delenki amayesetsa kuti asamaderere kwambiri ndipo adabzala mumiphika omwe adakonzedweratu.
Kulima ndi chisamaliro
Palisota amakhala m'nkhalango zachilengedwe zotentha, motero ayenera kupanga chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba. Komabe, mtengowu suchuluka zachilengedwe komanso umatha kusintha malo omwe kale.
Palisota yobzalidwa mumiphika yayikulu, yayikulu, popeza nthambizi zimakula kwambiri. Denga lokwera limayikidwa pansi, ndipo dothi limayikidwa pamwamba. Malo a palisota azikhala opepuka, osalowerera kapena pang'ono asidi. Zosakanikirana za:
- dothi labwino;
- dothi louma;
- mchenga;
- peat.
Tchire sililekerera bwino kwambiri, chifukwa njirayi imagwiridwa osaposanso kamodzi pa zaka 3-5. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yodutsa matope.
Palisota amakonda zipinda zowala, komabe, dzuwa lowongolera siliyenera kugwera pamasamba. Kuwonetsedwa kwambiri ndi dzuwa, makamaka mu mpweya wouma komanso kutentha kwambiri, kumayambitsa kupsa ndi kutulutsa masamba. M'zipinda zakumwera, mapoto samayikidwa pazenera, koma kumbuyo kwa chipindacho.
Kutentha kokwanira kwa chirimwe pachilimwe kwa palisota ndi + 18 ... +24 ° C. Mutha kupita ndi chomera kupita kukhonde kapena kumunda, koma sankhani malo opanda mphepo. Mpweya wabwino umachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi, kutentha kumatha kukhala kolimba usiku. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umafunikira kuziziritsa (mpaka + 16 ... +18 ° C).
Muyenera kuthilira palisot pafupipafupi. Pamwamba pa dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Poterepa, ndizosatheka kusefukira pansi kwambiri, mwinanso mizu imavunda mwachangu ndipo chomera sichitha kupulumutsa. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kusowa chinyezi ndikubowola masamba. Ndi kuyanika pafupipafupi, malekezero a masamba amayamba kuuma.
Panthawi yamaluwa ndi kukula mwachangu, palisota imadyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi ndi maofesi amamineral azomera zabwino zamkati. Feteleza umagwiritsidwa mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira. Pakupuma, kudyetsa sikofunikira.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi chinyezi chamagetsi, chiyenera kukhala osachepera 60%. Zomera zimayenera kumakazidulira ndi kufota. Zinthu zikavuta kwambiri, matayala okhala ndi dongo lonyowa amayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mapoto.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Palisota imakonda matenda a fungal ndi kuthirira kwambiri. Pothetsa khungu la petiole, ndikofunikira kuchita chithandizo cha fungal ndikuyesera kupulumutsa gawo limodzi la mbewu.
Mwa tizilombo, masamba ake a kangaude nthawi zina amatsutsidwa ndi kangaude. Akafika pang'onopang'ono pamasamba obowoleza masamba, amawaza ndi yankho la kachilombo (Actellik kapena Fitoverm). Pakatha sabata, njirayi imabwerezedwanso kuchotsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
