Balsam wa Walter - ikuphulika chaka chonse

Balsam Waller (Waller) - chomera chokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu ndi owala. Mu anthu ali ndi mayina ena ochepa - Kutayira mvula, Spark, Imatens. Mayinawa anali chifukwa cha madontho amtundu wa masamba m'mawa, chifukwa cha mtundu wobiriwira ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu pamene anakhudzidwa.

Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe imasangalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu. Ndi chifukwa cha maluŵa akuluakulu ndi maonekedwe awo okongola omwe amawoneka bwino. Kwawo - malo otentha a Africa ndi Asia.

Makhalidwe

Balsam Waller - Chomera chosatha, chikufalikira kwa nthawi yaitali, koma nthawi zambiri chimalimidwa chaka ndi chaka.

Mizu ya mizu

Ali wamphamvu mizu. Mu mphika umakhala wotangwanika kwambiri ndipo wopanda malo amakula mumabowo.

Tsinde

Chomeracho chimakhala ndi tsinde labwino, bwino, koma osati losalimba. Amakula mpaka masentimita 60.

Masamba

Masambawa ali ozungulira mawonekedwe, nsonga imatchulidwa. Iwo amakula 10-12 masentimita yaitali, 5-7 masentimita m'lifupi ndipo amakhala ndi kuwala kapena mdima wobiriwira, nthawi zina amapezeka ndi pabuka tinge.

Maluwa

Inflorescences amawoneka oyambirira. Maluwa amatha pafupifupi chaka chonse. Maluwa amaphuka lalikulu m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita asanu.

Mitunduyo ndi yosiyana - yoyera, yofiira, pinki, yofiirira, lalanje. Pali mitundu iŵiri ndipo ili ndi malo pakati, komanso yophweka komanso yotentha.

Maluwa akhoza kukhala osakwatira kapena osonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences. The pedicle ndi yaitali, itakwera pamwamba pa masamba. M'malo mwa duwa, chipatso chimapangidwa. Iye amaimira bokosi lofiira ndi masamba asanu, momwe mbeu zoposa chikwi zikwila.

Kusamalira Balsam wa Waller

Kuwala kumafuna kwambiri chisamaliro. Choncho, kuti mupeze chitsamba chamaluwa, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro.

Tikufika

Musanabzala, muyenera kuganizira zofuna za Opatiens. Choyamba, malo amasankhidwa. Amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, choncho malowo ayenera kukhala akuda. June ndi mwezi wabwino kwambiri kuti ufike.

Ground

Kubzala kumasowa nthaka yosalala, yotayirira komanso yathanzi. Uchi acidity ayenera kukhala mkati 5.8-6.2 pH. Mu sitolo ya maluwa mungagule nthaka yokonzekera maluwa. Kukonzekera kwa dziko lapansi kusakaniza kusakaniza tsamba ndi peat, humus ndi mchenga chiwerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1.
Pofuna kupeŵa kupuma kwa chinyezi mu mphika, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande. Kuti muchite izi, tsanulirani chingwe chadothi pansi osachepera 5 masentimita

Zingabzalidwe pamalo otseguka. Komanso poyamba masiku otentha a chilimwe, mukhoza kupanga miphika pa khonde kapena kumunda.

Balsam Waller thermophilic. Kufika pamalo otseguka kumapangidwa mu June kapena July, monga miyezi yoyambirira usiku chisanu chimatha.

Iye mwamsanga akuzoloŵera malo atsopano a kukula, akhoza kubzalidwa ngakhale akukhala maluwa. Asanayambe chisanu, muyenera kusamba chitsamba kuchokera m'nthaka kupita mu mphika.

Kuti mpweya uzigwiritsira ntchito mizu, nthawi zonse kumasula dothi la pamwamba.

Poto

Posankha chophimba ndibwino kuganizira kuti iyeyo sayenera kukhala wamkulu kwambiri. Pofuna kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphika wochepa. Kuti apereke malingaliro okongola mu chidebe chimodzi, zitsanzo zingapo zabzalidwa.

Kuwaza

Kusindikizidwa monga pakufunikira, ndi kumera kwa mizu mu mabowo. Miyezi yabwino kwambiri yotsatirayi ndi April kapena May. Koma pamene Spark imataya mwamsanga mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera, iyenera kusinthidwa. zaka 2-3. Ndipo ngati mizu imamva bwino, ndiye kuti sizingatheke.

Kuthirira

Kwa ulimi wothirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa osungunuka. Pogwiritsa ntchito madzi pampopi kwa nthawi yaitali, zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka m'nthaka zikuwonjezeka.

Madzi mukamayanika nthaka yosanjikiza. Thirani madzi mosamala kuti asagwe pa tsinde kapena masamba. Izi zingachititse thunthu kuvunda.

Ngati simungakwanitse kuthirira, balsamu ya Waller imachepetsa kukula, maluwa amafota ndi kugwa.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Amakonda chinyezi cholimbitsa. M'miyezi yotentha yotentha, imayenera kupopedwa kuti itetewe.

Anagawira masamba okha a chomeracho. Musalole madzi kulowa maluwa.

Kutentha kwa kutentha

Ndi chomera chokonda kutentha, kulekerera mwakachetechete kutentha ndi madigiri 25-26. Pa kutentha kotere, perekani kupopera ndi kupeza mpweya wabwino, mutakhala pa khonde - kumeta.

M'miyezi yozizira, kutentha pang'ono ndi 10-12 madigiri.

Maseŵera a kuwala

Waller amafunika kuwala kwa dzuwa. Koma nthawi yomweyo sakonda kugunda dzuwa, lomwe lingayambitse kutentha kwa masamba. Ndi kuwala kokwanira kudzaphulika pafupifupi chaka chonse, ndipo popanda kusowa - kudzaima, kudzatayika.

Zima

Ngati chomeracho chinabzalidwa m'munda, ndiye kuti chimakumbidwa ndikubzala mu mphika. Pamene chisanu chikuyamba, masamba osakhwima adzasanduka wakuda ndikugwa. Choncho ndikofunikira kusamalira maluwa anu pasadakhale. Komanso m'chipindamo mumalowa miphika yomwe inali pakhomo.

Pambuyo maluwawo atabweretsedwa m'nyumba ndikumupatsa malo abwino okonzekera, adzapitiriza maluwa. Nthawi yotsalayo ndi yaifupi - mu January ndi February. Pa nthawiyi ndikofunika kukhala m'nyumba. kutentha 12-15 madigiri.

Njira zoberekera

Pali njira ziwiri zobereka - mbewu ndi kumtengako. M'mwezi wamasika kapena chilimwe ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito cuttings. Pachifukwa ichi, zimayambira pafupifupi masentimita 10 amadulidwa ndi mpeni. Iwo amachoka m'mitsuko ndi madzi kapena mchenga wouma. Mizu imaonekera mkati mwa masiku 14-17, pambuyo pake zidutswazo zimaikidwa mu chidebe chosatha. 2 miyezi mutabzala kamera kamaluwa.

Mbewu yokhala ndi maluwa a Basamu

Mbewu yamabzalidwa mu March. Malo oti afesedwe amafunika kuwala. Pofuna kudzikonzekera, peat, nthaka ya dothi, vermiculite ndi mchenga wochuluka mumasakanizidwa mofanana.

Mukhoza kugula udothi wosakaniza kwa mbande, koma onetsetsani kuwonjezera 1/5 mwa mchenga. Izi zimapangitsa dothi kukhala lowala komanso kupuma kwambiri.

Thirani dothi lokonzekera mu bokosi la mzere ndi kuthira ndi botolo lazitsulo. Kufalikira pamwamba mbewu 2-3 masentimita pambali. Mbewu pang'ono imapanikizidwira kunthaka.

Mbewu zimafunika kuunika kuti zimere. Choncho, mukadzala sayenera kuwaza ndi nthaka.

Bvani bokosi la pulasitiki ndi pulasitiki ndikuyika malo otentha ndi ofunika. Pitirizani kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 20. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi kweza filimuyi kuti ipangitse mbewu. Ngati ndi kotheka, fanizani madzi otentha.

Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera masiku 10-14. Pambuyo pa masamba awiri, zomera zazing'ono zimasankhidwa miphika yosiyana yomwe siidapitilira masentimita 10. Pambuyo pa ma tsamba 7, kutsekemera kumapangidwa. Mmerawo udzakhala wobiriwira kwambiri.

Mu May, ndizotheka kutenga miphika kwa kanthawi pakhomo lotseguka kapena m'munda. Pambuyo pochita izi, mbande zidzaumitsidwa. Ndipo ngati n'koyenera, mbande zingabzalidwe m'munda, kutseguka pansi.

Kodi maluwa amafunika kudulira?

Kukonza kumachitika kumapeto kwa masika. Mapesi aatali amatambasula ndi kumeta nsongazo. Izi zimalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mphukira.

Dulani mphukira zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubereka. Zomera zouma komanso masamba amachotsedwa.

Maluwa

Nthawi yamaluwa ndi yaitali - chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Panthawi yabwino, maluwa adzapitirira mpaka January.

Nthaŵi yonseyo imakhala kuyambira December mpaka February. Panthawiyi, kupereka boma la matenthedwe la madigiri 15, komanso kuchepetsa kuthirira.

Feteleza / kudyetsa

Kudyetsa nthaka mu miyezi ya chilimwe ndi chirimwe masiku 14 aliwonse. Pochita izi, mu sitolo ya maluwa adagula feteleza ovuta kwa maluwa. Kuti musapitirize-kuzizaza nthaka, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito 1/2 ya mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa m'mawu ake.

Chiwerengero cha kukula

Maluwa akukula mofulumira kwambiri. Kuchokera kudula kwa miyezi iŵiri kumakula chitsamba chokhala ndi maluwa ambiri. Ngakhale pofesa mbewu mu March, mukhoza kupeza chitsamba chamaluwa mu July.

Lifespan

Kutopa kumapitirizabe kukongoletsa kwake onani zaka 2-3. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, mphukira zake zimatalika, zimayambira zimasowa, maluwa amasiya.

Fungo

Maluwawo ali ndi fungo lokhazika mtima pansi lomwe limakopa njuchi pakhomopo kapena m'munda.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kutentha ndi kutsika kwa mpweya ndi chifukwa cha kutha kwa maluwa ndi kupukuta masamba.

Madzi akuyambitsa zowola. Nthawi zonse madzi amathira pa tsinde amachititsa kuti iwonongeke.

Chifukwa cha kugwa kwa maluwa kungakhale mpweya wouma m'chipinda.

Kupanda kuwala amawonetsa mtundu wa masamba. Mphukira imatengedwa ndi kutaya mawonekedwe awo okongoletsera.

Mmerawo umakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Ambiri a kangaude, aphid ndi whitefly. Kugonjetsedwa ndi ophwanya apo pali kufota kwa masamba, kugwa kwa maluwa ndi kutha kwa maluwa. Kuteteza tizirombo zimagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Njira zolimbana ndi kupewa

Kuteteza matenda omwe mukusowa tsatirani malamulo a chisamaliro. Ndi nthawi yamadzi, kupopera ndi kudyetsa mbewu. Komanso zigwirizane ndi nyengo ya kutentha ndi yofewa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowononga tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kawirikawiri, maonekedwe a tizirombo amapezeka mwachindunji chifukwa chosamvera malamulo a chisamaliro.

Mwala wa Basamamu wokhala ndi chisamaliro pafupifupi chaka chonse udzasangalala ndi maluwa achiwawa. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, firiji yanu sill, khonde kapena munda nthawi zonse ziziwoneka bwino komanso mwatsopano.