Pali maluwa omwe ali ndi chithumwa komanso chithumwa chapadera. Samachita chidwi ndi kukula kapena kukongola kwa maluwa, koma, ataona chomera choterocho, wolima munda aliyense ali wofunitsitsa kuti amupezere malo m'mundamo. Izi zimaphatikizapo maluwa, omwe amadziwika kuti achikasu achikasu. Dzina lasayansi pamtunduwu ndi doronicum.
Ndi maluwa bwanji!
Doronicum ndi masamba osatha okhala ndi masamba osachedwa kupindika ndi masamba oyambira. Mu tsinde sinuses mphukira amapangidwa omwe masamba amapangidwa. Komanso, maluwa amakula pamiyendo italiitali. Kutalika kwa doronicum kumadalira mitundu: pali mitundu yazifupi (10-15 cm) ndi wamtali (140-150 cm). Rhizome wokhala ndi malo ambiri. Chipatso ndi achene.
Ma daisies achikasu ndi am'banja la Astrov. Pamodzi ndi duwa looneka ngati dambo, lofanana ndi doronicum, chomeracho nthawi zambiri limatchedwa duwa la prairie. Komabe, osakhazikika osatha kubereka amatha kuzika mizu osati pamapiri okha. Zimakhala zodziwika bwino m'mapiri a ku Europe ndipo zimatha kukhala pamtunda wa 3500 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa. Dzinalo "doronicum" limachokera ku liwu lachiarabu loti "doronish", kutanthauza chomera chakupha chosadziwika. Ku Russia, maluwa owala nthawi zambiri amatchedwa roe.
Mitundu yosangalatsa
Pazonse, pali mitundu 40 ya doronicum. 12 mwa iwo amakulira ku Russia; ochepa okha ndi omwe ali odziwika.
Kummawa
Doronicum Oriental (Doronicum Orientale Hoffing) amatha kutchedwa Caucasian mwanjira ina. Ndiwokhazikika kwambiri kuminda yaku Russia. Mu vivo, zofala kwambiri ku Caucasus ndi ku Mediterranean.
East Doronicum
Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 50. Mizu yake ndi yochulukirapo, imapezeka pafupi ndi nthaka. Masamba oyambira ali ndi mano, petiolate, tsinde, ovoid, sessile. Maluwa akutulutsa maluwa mkati mwa Meyi, maluwa akutenga pafupifupi mwezi. Pambuyo pamtunda wa chikomokere chikomacho chimatha. Pulogalamu yatsopano yobiriwira imawonekera kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Mitunduyi idalimidwa mu 1808. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Spring Kukongola, Golide Dwarft, Little Leo. Zonse zomasulidwa, zowoneka bwino, zokongoletsa kwambiri.
Zomera
Plantain doronicum (Doronicum Plantagineum) imadziwika ndi masamba osavuta a masamba ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Ndikuluzikulu kuposa wachibale wake wa ku Caucasian (mpaka 140cm wamtali), amapanga inflorescence zazikulu, blooms patatha masiku 7-10. Mu vivo amakula kumadzulo kwa Europe.
Zomera zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ikuphatikizapo Miss Mason, Harpuf Crewe.
Waku Austrian
Doronicum Austrian (Doronicum Austriacum Jacq) ndi wa kutalika kwapakatikati (mpaka 70 masentimita) ndi mitundu yowala yokhala ndi likulu la lalanje.
Austrian roe
Chomera chokongoletsera chimamasula mu Ogasiti.
Kulima mbewu
Musanayambe kukulira doronicum kuchokera ku mbewu, muyenera kusankha nthawi yobzala komanso momwe mungasamalire. Kukhala ndi maluwa ophuka bwino, mwachikasu kumatuluka chifukwa chosangalatsa kwambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Kozulnik ali ndi chuma chodzikulitsa podzilamulira.
Mbande
Njira yodzala ndi zovuta pang'ono kuposa kubzala mbewu mwachangu. Komabe, zimapereka zotsatira zabwinoko.
Kufesa mbande ndibwino kuyambira Epulo. Pobzala, chidebe chokhala ndi maselo omwe amadzazidwa ndi gawo lama michere (gawo limodzi la mchenga woonda komanso wosakanikira) amasankhidwa. Mbewu ziwiri zofesedwa mu khungu limodzi, zowazidwa ndimadzi. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena kanema ndikuyika malo opepuka, otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Thandizo linanso limakhala loti mpweya wabwino ulowa munthawi ndi nthawi komanso chinyezi cha nthaka kuchokera pa mfuti.
Njira yosasinthika
Kufesa mwachindunji panja kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa Epulo, pomwe kutentha kumafikira 16 ° C, kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Pafupifupi milungu iwiri musanabzale, muyenera kukonzekera dzikolo. Imakumba fosholo ndipo zimadzaphwanya mosamala. Nthaka ikakhazikika, m'nthaka zosaya (masentimita 1-2) mumapangamo. Mtunda pakati pa mizere uyenera kukhala wosachepera 20 cm / Landings uyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi. Mbande zimamera mwamtendere ndi zochuluka, motero, pambuyo pa maonekedwe ake zimayenera kuchepa. Pakati pazomera zoyandikana ayenera kukhala osachepera 7 cm. Kukula kwa mbewu zazing'ono zikafika pa 10 cm, ndiye nthawi yoti mudzabzale pamalo osatha. Kutalika pakati pa mbande ziwiri zoyandikana ndi 25 cm.
Malamulo oyambira akukula
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zokhudzana ndi kubzala mbande muthaka ndikuzisamalira pambuyo pake ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze mbewu zokongola zathanzi.
Tanki yodula ndi dothi
Podzala mbande, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito osati zotengera ma cellular, komanso mabokosi, miphika ndi makapu. Chachikulu ndichakuti musunge mtunda popanda kukulitsa ikamatera. Monga gawo lama michere, ndikokwanira kutenga chisakanizo cha peat ndi humus kapena shopu yachilengedwe chonse.
Nthawi yoyenera yofesa
Kubzala mbande kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, mbewu zazing'ono zimayikidwa malo otseguka koyambirira kwa June.
Kudula kwadothi
Kubzala m'mundawo nthawi yachisanu, pakati pa Novembala kapena Epulo ndikoyenera.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi
Chofunikira chachikulu pa dothi ndi kupepuka ndi friability. Kuti mbewu zisadutse, muyenera kuyembekezera shrinkage mutakumba. Ngati dothi latha, mukakumba, nitha kutaya manyowa owola m'mabedi.
Zofunika! Popeza chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yopanda malire, sikofunikira kumasula dothi pansi pake.
Kukonzekera zakuthupi ndi kufesa mbewu
Mbeu za chamomile zachikasu zimatha kumera kwa zaka ziwiri. Amamera mwachangu, kamodzi panthaka, ndiye kuti mbande zidzaudulidwamo. Popeza nthangala, pomwe zimasungidwa bwino, sizitha kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka, palibe njira zapadera zokonzekera zofunika.
Momwe mungasamalire mbande
Ndi njira yodzala mbewu zokulira, mbande zimawoneka masabata angapo mutabzala. Pogona pachochakacho panthawiyi chimachotsedwa ndipo mbewuzo zimasunthidwa kumalo owala bwino. Ngati nyengo sinasangalale ndi dzuwa dzuwa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mbande ziziunikidwa ndi phytolamp.
Kupanga mbewuzo kukhala zazikulu kwambiri, mgawo la tsamba lachitatu ndikofunikira kutsina nsonga zawo.
Tikufika
Sabata isanadze kubzala (kumapeto kwa Meyi), nthawi yakwana yoti mbewu ikhale panthaka kuti iumitse, choyamba kwa ola limodzi, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi mpaka tsiku.
Momwe mungabzalire mbande:
- Pangani chiwembu chakuya 20-25 cm. Onjezerani manyowa;
- Kumbani kudzala maenje okulirapo kuti muthane ndi muzu komanso dothi. Mtunda pakati pa mabowo ukhale wosachepera 0,4 m, chifukwa doronicum imakula kwambiri;
- Bzalani zitsime mu zitsime, ndikanikizani pansi pang'onopang'ono pamizu ndikuthira madzi ambiri ozizira.
Tcherani khutu! Kozulnik adakulidwanso ngati chomera, koma mitundu yazifupi yokha ndiyooyenera izi.
Kusamalira Kunja
Ndi chomera monga doronicum, kubzala ndi chisamaliro sikovuta. Maluwa ndi odzichiritsa komanso osagwirizana ndi nyengo.
Kuthirira
Doronicum iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, popeza mizu yomwe ili pafupi ndi nthaka siyingatenge chinyezi kuchokera munthaka. Madzi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito sludge. Kuti dziko lapansi lisamume nthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulchike ndi utuchi.
Kuwaza
Mu nyengo yotentha, mmera umapindula ndi kupopera kwamadzulo kapena kuwaza. Kukhala wakhama kwambiri ndi ulimi wothirira sikofunikira kuti musayambitse matenda. Ma daisies achikasu sakonda chinyezi ndi mthunzi wambiri, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musaziike pansi pa mitengo yayikulu komanso m'malo otsika.
Dothi
Kozulnik sakonda acidic, clayey, dothi lolemera. Mwambiri, chomera cholimba sichitha kufa, koma chimakula chochepa, chofooka, chili ndi maluwa yaying'ono. Njira yabwino ndiyopepuka, yopanda nthaka, yokhala acidic pang'ono yokhala ndi michere yokwanira.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Mu kasupe, chomera chimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi feteleza wovuta, duwa limayankhidwa mofanananso ndi michere ya mchere ndi michere. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pamene malo atsopano akupangidwira, sizikhala zapamwamba kudyetsa mbuzi ndi mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Doronicum ndi maluwa omwe amatha kusintha kukula kwa ma petals ndi kukula kwamtundu wawo kutengera nyengo. Mwambiri, maluwa amawoneka ngati daisies yaying'ono, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi feverfew. Mtundu wa ma petals ndi wachikaso chowoneka bwino, pakati amatha kukhala akuda, mpaka bulauni. M'milimita ya inflorescence amachokera 4 mpaka 15 cm, kutengera mitundu.
Maluwa doronicum
Maluwa amayamba kasupe ndikupita nthawi yonse yotentha. Dulani maluwa a doronicum amatha kuima m'madzi kwa masiku 14, kwinaku akukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe atsopano.
Thirani mutagula
Monga lamulo, iwo amagulitsa doronicum m'mbewu. Ngati mbande zatengedwa, zimabzalidwa pansi kapena kumanzere kuti zikule pazenera. Nthawi yakwana yoti ibzale doronicum ibwere mchaka, ikafika nthawi yogawa mbewuyo.
Zofunika! Kozulnik amalimbana ndi kuzizira, ndiye kuti simuyenera kuda nkhawa zakutchinjiriza maluwa nthawi yozizira.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Ngakhale chamomile wachikasu ndi chomera chopanda, pali zovuta ndi kulima kwake. Amatha kuthana ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera ndikusintha mawonekedwe othandizira.
Tizilombo
Ma aphid oyambira ndi ma phukusi sanyalanyaza chikasu chamkati. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayamwa madzi sikuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Koma, atabzala, amatha kutsogolera doronicum kuimfa.
Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera tizilombo omwe amalimbana bwinobwino ndi majeremusi. Ndikokwanira kukonza kubzala malingana ndi malangizo, ndipo majeremusi ang'onoang'ono sangaope "dzuwa"
Nthawi zina aulesi omwe amadya masamba amakula pamtengo. Popewa mawonekedwe awo, ndikokwanira kuwaza dothi lozungulira duwa ndi tsabola wapansi. Mimba yodandaula simalola zolengedwa zovulaza kuthana ndi zotchinga.
Matenda
Gray zowola zimawoneka pamitengo yolimba, ndikumwetsa okwanira. Ndikofunika kuti muchepetse mbewu, chotsani magawo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndikusintha kayendedwe kothirira.
Dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew nthawi zambiri zimawononga nkhokwe zamadzi. Kuthirira pankhaniyi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, mbali zowonongeka za chomera zichotsedwa. Spray doronicum ndi Topaz kapena mankhwala enanso.
Zizindikiro zosamalidwa bwino
Doronicum imatha kutulutsa maluwa ang'onoang'ono ngati sichinabzalidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Pofuna kukonzanso, mbewuyo imakumbidwa ndikugawa magawo. Maluwa atsopano pa roe osinthidwa adzakhala okulirapo. Vuto lina lomwe likukula ndi kuwala kopitirira muyeso. Kukhazikitsa mbewu pamalowo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti, ngakhale doronicum ili zithunzi, kudziwitsidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kumapangitsa mkwiyo wa maluwa.
Kozulnik pamalopo
Kubzala ndi kusamalira doronicum kutchire ndikosavuta kwambiri. Ngakhale novice amatha kuthana nawo, omwe angasangalale kwambiri kusangalala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino a chiweto chamaluwa.
