Aliyense amadziwika ndi ivy, chifukwa chomera ichi chimawoneka pazitsulo zokongoletsera m'minda, kapena kuthengo kumbali ya msewu, mumthunzi wa padera. Lero tidzaphunzira zambiri za zomwe zili, momwe tingazichulukitsire, komanso ngati zimakhala zofunikira. Amene amasankha kubzala ivy ayenera kukonzekera mavuto ena.
Ivy (vilitsa)
Ivy ndi mtundu wa zomera za banja la Araliaceae. Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo mitundu 16, yomwe imagawidwa m'mitundu yambiri.
Ivy, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu kapena zosiyana, ali ndi tsinde la zokwawa, ndipo onse ndi zitsamba. Mphukira zawo zimagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: maluwa ndi osakhala maluwa. Pa maluwa amawotcha masamba ojambulawo amajambula muwuni wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira, amakhala ndi ovate kapena oblong mawonekedwe. Pa masamba osasuntha ndi mdima komanso amdima.
Chipatso ndi mabulosi aang'ono omwe amawoneka akuda kapena achikasu. 
Pali zomera m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Ivy zimachokera mumlengalenga mankhwala owopsa ngati anthu monga formaldehydes ndi benzenes. Chifukwa chaichi, chomeracho sichidzafesedwa osati zokongoletsera zokha, komanso kuti zikhale bwino.
Chomeracho chikhoza kuchulukana ndi mbewu, koma njirayi siigwiritsidwe ntchito mu horticulture, ndipo mbewu zimangopita kudyetsa zinyama zokha. Izi ndi chifukwa mbewu, monga momwe ziliri ndi zikhalidwe zina zambiri, sungasungitse chomera cha kholo. Kwa zokongoletsera, zomera zimafalitsidwa kokha mwa njira ziwiri: layering ndi cuttings.
Kukula ivy kuchokera ku cuttings
Kudula ndi njira yophweka yokhala ndi zokolola. Mitundu yambiri ya njuchi imakula mofulumira kwambiri kotero kuti chomeracho sichitha kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa mphukira zingapo.
Video: ivyfalitsidwe ndi cuttings
Malire a Zogulitsa
Kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena mu chilimwe. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kupulumuka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudula. Mphukira yobiriwira yamadzi ndi bwino kuti asakhudze, pamene imera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pansi pa zovuta (chimfine kapena chinyezi) zimayamba kuvunda.
Zipinda zamakono ndi chimodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba zam'mimba, ndipo likulu la Canary ndi munda limakonda kwambiri.
Ndibwino kuti musagwiritsire ntchito kumtunda, chifukwa chomera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, sichikuwonjezera mphukira zina, koma zimasunga zakudya m'mwamba ndi pansi. Ngati mutadula nthambi zingapo, ndiye kuti chitsamba chochepa chingakhale ndi mavuto, chifukwa cha zomwe sizidzatha m'nyengo yozizira. 
Momwe mungakonzekerere ndi muzu wa cuttings
Pofuna kubala, amawombera pachaka, omwe pamakhala mizu yaing'ono, kapena maonekedwe oonekera. Kenaka, yesani masentimita 10-14, kenako pangani odulidwa. Pa chogwirira ayenera kukhala wathanzi masamba, komanso osachepera imodzi yokhala ndi mfundo.
Video: Kutsegula mizu ya ivy cuttings ndi perlite Ndiye masamba onse apansi (pafupi ndi odulidwa) amachotsedwa, kenako mbali ya pansi ya mphukira imalowetsedwa muzu wa kukula stimulator. Pambuyo pake, phesi imabzalidwa mumsanganizo wosakaniza ndi nthaka mu chiwerengero cha 1: 1.
Ndikofunikira! Timakulitsa zokolola zokha ndi zitatu. Nthaka sayenera kukhala masamba, mwinamwake idzavunda.
Ngati nyengo yabwino, ndiye miphika / mabokosi okhala ndi ivy angatulutse panja. Mulimonsemo, ndi bwino kusiya masamba ndi cuttings mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena bwino litagona chipinda.
Pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5, mutha kubzala bwino pamalo osatha.
Malamulo obwera
Posankha malo osatha a chomera chochepa, muyenera kuganizira kuti Ivy amakonda mthunzi kapena mthunzi, komanso nthaka yokwanira.
Video: momwe mungabzalitsire ivy Ngati nthaka yabwino yatengedwa kale, ndiye mutabzala, onjezerani pang'ono humus kapena kompositi. Pambuyo pake, kudzakhala kokwanira kusunga chinyezi.
Onetsetsani kuti mumvetsetse acidity ya gawo lapansi. Ivy adzafa ngati atabzalidwa pa dothi losavuta. Zomwe akuyenerazo siziyenera kulowerera kapena kulowerera.
Pezani chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri kwa nthaka kwa zomera, momwe mungazindikire acidity ya nthaka pamalowa, momwe mungasokonezere nthaka, komanso momwe mungapangire chonde.
Malo abwino a ivy - malo amvula pansi pa korona wa mtengo waukulu, umene uli pafupi ndi mpanda. Malo otero ivy sizongokhala bwino, komanso kukongoletsa mpanda.
M'madera akuluakulu, chomeracho chidzakhala chopanda phindu, ndipo zidzakhala zofunikira kusamalira ngati mbewu yovuta, popeza mthunzi ulibe, chinyezi chidzasungunuka mofulumira kwambiri kuchokera ku gawo lapansi.
Momwe mungayambitsire kuyala kwa ivy
Kubalana ndi kukhazikitsa ndi njira yosavuta yopezera zomera zatsopano, chifukwa panthawi yoyamba simukuyenera kudula chinachake kuchokera ku chitsamba cha mayi.
Choyamba muyenera kumanga chitsamba pafupi ndi chitsamba cham'madzi pang'ono. Kenaka, sankhani apanga m'munsi mwa mphukira, ikani iwo mu grooves, ndiye prikopat. Ufulu umasungunula nthaka, komanso kangapo kupanga madzi njira ya ammonium nitrate. 
Kufalitsa mwagona kumakhala kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kuti mavuvu ozika mizu panthawi yomwe ikukula ili ndi nthawi yopanga rhizome. Kulekanitsa ndi kholo lachitsamba kumapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa autumn kapena lotsatira masika.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku Ivy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mochiritsira. Mwachikhazikitso, chifuwa ndi kusakaniza mphumu zimapangidwa, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochitira ana ang'onoang'ono, komanso amayi apakati.
Monga momwe mukuonera, njirayi si yoopsa kwa mayiyo, koma n'zosatheka kuigwiritsa ntchito kupanga chiwindi chachikulu cha achinyamata.
Mbali yosamalidwa ndi zomera
Kuti chomera chikhale bwino ndikukhala ndi maonekedwe okongola, m'pofunika kutsatira malamulo ena.
Mulching ndi chisamaliro cha nthaka
Kuyika mulch n'kofunikira pa zifukwa ziwiri: kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka, komanso kutetezera ku chisanu cha chisanu.
Komanso, mulch adzadyetsa dothi, kotero palibe chifukwa chowonjezera feteleza. Peat, humus kapena kompositi ndi yabwino kwambiri.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge chifukwa chake mukufunikira dothi la mulching.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito udzu wouma, udzu kapena utuchi, monga tizilombo tosiyanasiyana timayambira mu mulch, ndipo pakagwa mvula yambiri, utuchi umayambitsa mizu, komanso kutsegula mpweya wabwino.
Mulch imayikidwa kangapo kotero kuti wosanjikiza kwakukulu "samabisa" masamba omwe akhoza kuvunda. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, makulidwewa ayenera kuwonjezeka kuti mulch azichita ntchito ya thermos m'nyengo yozizira. 
Peat ngati mulch Material Ngati mwasiya kukonza mulch, mwachoncho mukufunikira kusamba nthawi zonse, makamaka ngati pali dothi lolemera padothi, chifukwa pali vuto la mpweya wabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Mulch sagwirizana ngati mbewu yakula ngati chomera chophimba pansi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuphimba chitsamba ndi chisanu.
Mitengo yothirira bwino
Ivy amakonda chinyezi, komabe, ngati chomera chilichonse, akhoza kudwala mizu yovunda. Pa chifukwa ichi, nkofunika kuti muyambe kuthirira moyenera.
Mukuyenera kuteteza dothi kuti liwume, kutanthauza kuthirira ngati palibe mvula, yomwe imachepetsa dothi. Kuthirira kumachitika pokhapokha pa nyengo yokula. Sikofunikira kusefukira chitsamba mu kugwa, chifukwa izi zidzathetsa kuwononga kwambiri mizu.
Ivy pruning
Njira imodzi, mbali ya mphukira pamwambayi idzawombera m'nyengo yozizira, pambuyo pake mudzafunika kudulira moyenerera.
Kudulira moyenerera kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mphukira youma, yoonongeka ndi yamawanga pa nthawi yoyenera.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, njirayi siidakwaniritsidwe, chifukwa njira zoterezi zidzasokoneza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha ivy. Kuchita zowonongeka ndi kupangira kudulira kuyenera kukhala kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Pachifukwa ichi, zomera sizidzavutika. 
Ngati masamba okhazikika pachaka ali oundana, komanso mphukira yomwe imakhala yaikulu, ndiye kuti malo ocheka ayenera kuchitidwa ndi jekeseni la munda kuti athetse matenda.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo
Ivy zimakhala ndi zilonda zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingawononge maonekedwe ake kapena kuwononga zomera. Choncho, ndikofunikira kudziwa za iwo pasadakhale kuti mudziwe ndi kuthetsa nthawi.
- Kangaude mite. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakonda kukonza zomera komanso zinyumba. Chinthu chofunikira kuti chichitike ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya. Mite salola mvula yambiri. Tizilombo timadyetsa timadzi timeneti timene timapanga timapepala tomwe timapanga. Kukula kwakukulu kungachititse kuti mbewu zazing'ono kapena zazikulu zikufa. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala, muyenera kuwaza mbali zomwe zili pamwambapa kuti muwonjezere chinyezi. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito: "Aktellik", "Fitoverm", "Neoron", "Apollo". Mankhwala onsewa amachotsa chomera cha mtundu uliwonse.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwirire ndi nthata za kangaude.
- Aphid. Tizilombo toyamwa kamene kamayambitsa kuyamwa kwa pafupifupi zomera zonse. Ziribe kanthu kuti tizilombo tisawonongeke bwanji, nthawi zonse timayenera kukumbukira kuti aphid sichimangopita kokha ndi chithandizo cha nyerere, koma palokha, chifukwa chiri ndi mapiko. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda m'munda, nkofunika kuthana ndi chitsamba ndi tizilombo zotsatirazi: "Karbofos", "Intavir", "Iskra", "Komandor".
- Shchitovka. Zirombo zosasangalatsa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa, ndipo mphutsi zawo sizimatenga zamagetsi, kotero ngati matendawa akuwopsa, ivyenera kukonzedwa kangapo. Shchitovka akuyamikiranso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chilala chikule, komanso kuwonongeka kwa masamba. Momwemonso tizilombo tomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondoyi: "Aktara", "Phosbecid", "Aktellik".
Tiyeneranso kukambirana za matenda. Chowonadi n'chakuti Ivy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala pa chifukwa. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi mphukira ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Ndi chifukwa chake ivy sizakhudzidwa ndi matenda, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa maonekedwe kukugwirizana ndi zovuta kapena ntchito ya tizirombo.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso malo abwino, malowa akhoza kukhala chokongola chenicheni cha malo anu. Chinthu chofunikira kukumbukira ndi chakuti chimakula, kotero muyenera kuchima pambali pa mbewu kapena nyumba zabwino.
Ogwiritsa ntchito makanema pa kubereka kwa ivy
