Barberry Ottawa Superba: kufotokoza ndi kusamalira

Kuti apange malo apadera, malo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito movuta komanso osasinthidwa ndi nyengo yathu. Koma pali zokongola kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo sizingathetsere zomera zomwe zingakongoletsedi munda uliwonse. Chimodzi mwa izi zowongoletsera ndi barberry.

Kufotokozera

Barberry wa Ottawa Superba - zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku English Horticultural Society.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungamere barberry kumudzi mwanu, ndi mitundu yanji ndi mitundu ya barberry ndi momwe mabulosiwa amathandizira.

Chomera ndi shrub yakuda yaikulu (m'lifupi ndi msinkhu imatha kufika mamita 3-4). Chitsamba chimakula mofulumira ndikufikira kukula kwake pa msinkhu wa zaka 8-10.

Poyamba, mphukira zimakula pang'onopang'ono, koma m'kupita kwa nthawi zimakhala ndi khalidwe loponyedwa pansi. Makungwawo ali ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira, ndipo pamwamba pake umaphimbidwa ndi magawo atatu mpaka 2 cm kutalika. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe obovate kapena ozungulira ndipo pafupifupi kukula kwa 3-5 cm. Masamba obiriwira, ofiira ofiira kapena ofiira amawoneka okongola nthawi yonseyi, popanda kutayika mazira, ngakhale atakula mumthunzi. M'dzinja chitsamba chimapeza mthunzi wofiira kapena wa lalanje.

Maluwa amapezeka mu May. Maluwa ofiira a mtundu wofiira amasonkhanitsidwa mu racemes pafupifupi 10 zidutswa. Fungo la maluwa ndi losangalatsa komanso losasangalatsa.

Mukudziwa? Pamapeto a autumn, pamene yoyamba frosts kudutsa, barberry zipatso kuchepa zochepa ndi wowawasa. Choncho, musathamangire kukasonkhanitsa.

Zipatso zimapangidwa mtundu wofiira ndi mawonekedwe oblong (kutalika kwa 0.8 mpaka 1 cm). Ripen kumapeto kwa September kapena kumayambiriro kwa October. Wokongola, wandiweyani ndi wowawasa, amakhalabe ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo amawatsalira pa nthambi kwa nthawi yaitali. Zimadyetsedwa kwa anthu. Zipatso za barberry Superba

Tikufika

Mukamabzala barberry, muyenera kulingalira zinthu zingapo ndikuchita moyenera:

• Tikufika makamaka mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja. Pakatikati pa kasupe, muyenera kusamala kuti masambawo asungunuke, ndipo dothi lakhala litentha mpaka 15 ° C. Ngati mutabzala chitsamba mu kugwa, ndiye osadutsa masabata 3-4 isanafike chisanu. Kubzala mu kugwa kumaonedwa kuti ndibwino;
• malowo ayenera kutseguka kapena pang'ono pamthunzi, kutentha ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu;
• dothi liyenera kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha acidity. Ngati ili lapamwamba kusiyana ndi pH 7, ndiye kuti liyenera kubala;

  Pezani chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri kwa nthaka kwa zomera, momwe mungazindikire acidity ya nthaka pamalowa, momwe mungasokonezere nthaka, komanso momwe mungapangire chonde.

• Chomera chophika chimapangidwa ndi mtedza, peat, humus ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Manyowa onse amasakanizidwa ndi nthaka ndipo amadzazidwa ndi madzi ambiri;
• kukula kwake kwa dzenje lakutsetsereka chitsamba chokhala ndi sing'anga ndi 40x40 cm;
• Ngati nkhumba zingapo zidabzalidwa, mtunda wa pakati pawo uyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5-2 m;
• mizu ya mizu iikidwa pansi;
• mizu ili ndi nthaka yachonde (voids ndi kugwa kwachibadwa kuyenera kupeŵa);
• Ngati kuchokera ku tchire mtsogolo mutha kuzungulira khola, ndiye kuti zomera ziyenera kukhalapo chifukwa chakuti 2 timagwiritsa ntchito 1 mita imodzi.

Video: kutsika barberry Superba

Ndikofunikira! Gulani mbande zokhazokha, popanda zoperewera ndi kuwonongeka, kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka. Ubwino wa kubzala zakuthupi umakhudza ngati chomera chidzakhazikika ndi momwe chidzakhalire mtsogolo.

Chisamaliro

Kuti mbeuyo ikhale yathanzi, yokongola ndikukondweretseni ndi mawonekedwe ake, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena oti musamalire zitsamba. The barberry ndi undemanding, ndipo kotero kusunga izo moyenera sizidzakutengerani inu kuti mugwire ntchito.

Ground

Mmerawo ndi wodzichepetsa pansi. Ndi oyenera kuuma, acidic ndi zamchere dothi ndi acidity pH 6-7. Ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi, ndikwanira kuwonjezera dothi.

Malo

Barberry amakonda kuwala, koma amalekerera penumbra komanso. Lili ndi kukana kwa zinthu izi:

• kutentha kwakukulu;
• frivolity;
• mvula;
• zochitika za m'mizinda;
• zotsutsana ndi kusuta.

Malinga ndi izi, ndikofunikira kusankha malo abwino kwambiri pawebusaiti.

Kuthirira

Mu nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata. Pa chitsamba chimodzi madzi ambiri amakhala 5-10 malita. Pambuyo kuthirira, muyenera kukonza chingwe cha mulch.

Kuthirira kwa misonkho (pamaso pa kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira) kuyenera kuchitika m'dzinja 2-3 milungu isanafike chisanu. Zikatero, mpaka malita 20 a madzi pa chitsamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kupaka pamwamba

Mutabzala, feteleza sikofunika kufikira masika. Nthawi yoyamba njira yothetsera urea imagwiritsidwa ntchito. 10 malita a fetereza amalowetsedwa mu mita iliyonse ya lalikulu ya gudumu. Zimathandizira kukula kwa mphukira ndikukula bwino. M'tsogolo, nitrojeni iyenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi kamodzi pazaka 4 zilizonse.

Mu kugwa, 15 g wa superphosphate ndi 10 g wa sulfuric potaziyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera chomera m'nyengo yozizira.

Asanakhale ndi pambuyo maluwa zitsamba zingakhale feteleza ndi zakudya zina (manyowa kapena humus).

Kudulira

Kusunga kukongola kwa shrub kumafuna kudulira pachaka. Izi zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe masamba ali ndi kukongoletsa kwakukulu. Nkofunikanso kuti kuchira kwa mbeu.

Kudulira kumachepetsa kuchepetsa katundu m'tchire ndipo kumateteza kuoneka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana. Kudulira kwachitetezo kumachitika m'dzinja, osachepera 2 masabata asanayambe chisanu. Panthawi imeneyi, chomera chimalowa mu malo opumula. Malingana ndi nyengo yeniyeni, njirayi ikhoza kuchitika kuyambira September mpaka November.

Pofuna kudulira bwino, muyenera kuchotsa:

• nthambi zakale ndi zouma;
• madera okhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo;
• kuwombera;
• korona ikukula mkati.

Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito ndi mitsetse yowonongeka yamaluwa, ndi kudula kwakukulu kuti musamalire munda. Mbali zonse zocheka (makamaka omwe akudwala matenda ndi tizirombo) ziyenera kutayidwa.

Werengani malamulo oti musankhe pruner m'munda.

Ngati mukufuna kupanga mazenera kapena kupereka mawonekedwe a chitsamba, ndiye kuti kudulira kotereku kuyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse:

• Ndondomekoyi imachitika patangotha ​​maluwa;
• kwa zaka ziwiri mutabzala chomeracho chifupikitsidwa ndi 1/2 kapena 1/3;
• Zitsamba zimagwedezeka mofanana, malinga ngati korona zazako sizikutseka;
• Patapita nthawi zomera zimakhala zofanana ndi zowonjezera.

Zima

M'nyengo yozizira, tchire tiyenera kuphimba, makamaka zaka zoyambirira. Izi zachitika monga izi:

• chingwe cha mulch chimakula kufika masentimita 10;
• nthambi zimamangidwa ndi chingwe. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti zisaswe mphukira;
• chitsamba chodzaza ndi chikhomo kapena chophimba china;
• chomeracho chazunguliridwa ndi nthambi za spruce;
• m'nyengo yozizira, chipale chofewa chimakwera kumtunda.

Mukudziwa? Barberry amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popewera ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa zosangalatsa zake ndizolimbana ndi matenda a anorexia, chifukwa chomeracho ndi chopweteka kwa thupi la munthu kumawonjezera njala.

Njira zoberekera

Shrub kubereka kungatheke m'njira zingapo:

• mbewu zikukula: Kubzala mbewu kumagwidwa mu kugwa. Pachifukwachi, mbewu zimatengedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zabwino ndipo zimayikidwa kwa mphindi zingapo pang'onopang'ono potassium permanganate. Pambuyo pake ayenera kuuma bwino. Kugwa, mbewu zimayikidwa mu bedi laling'ono, ndipo mu kasupe mukhoza kuyamba kuzizira kapena zochepa (izi zikhoza kuchitika pamene masamba angapo aonekera pa mphukira). Mtunda pakati pa zomera ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 3-5 masentimita. Choncho, ayenera kukula zaka ziwiri. Pambuyo pake, amatha kuziika pamalo osatha; Barberry Superba Mbewu
• pogawa chitsamba: yomwe inachitikira kumapeto. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa zitsamba zomwe zafika zaka zitatu. Chitsamba chimakumbidwa ndikugawidwa mu magawo atatu ofanana. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala ndi manja pogwiritsa ntchito hacksaw. Pambuyo pake mbali zonsezi zimayikidwa mu nthaka yokonzedwa. Ngati chitsamba chiri chachikulu ndipo chiri ndi thunthu wamba, ndiye kuti sichiyenera kubereka mwanjira iyi;
• cuttings: Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, chomeracho chikuphatikizidwa. Izi zachitika m'mawa kwambiri. Kuchokera kudulidwa cuttings kuchotsedwa masamba apansi, ndipo pamwamba kudula pakati. Pambuyo pake amatsikira m'madzi kwa maola angapo (ngati akukhumba, nthumwi iliyonse yotsekemera ikhoza kuchepetsedwa m'madzi). Ponyamula phesi kunja kwa njirayi, iyenera kutsukidwa ndikuyikidwa m'nthaka yokhala ndi peat kapena humus ndi mchenga wonjezerapo. The cuttings amabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena yokutidwa ndi galasi yapadera kapena pulasitiki cap;
• kugawa: Mu kasupe, mphukira ya zaka zapansi imayikidwa pang'onong'ono yachisokonezo pansi ndi yokutidwa ndi nthaka. Pakugwa kwake amapanga zomera zatsopano.

Mwina zimakhala zovuta kulingalira kanyumba popanda tchire. Werengani komanso za kukula kwa raspberries, honeysuckle, Chinese lemongrass, cranberries, actinidia, gooseberries ndi nyanja buckthorn.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kukhalapo kwa chiwerengero chochulukitsa chopanga kumapangitsa kuti chomeracho chikhale cholimba kwambiri ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Koma palinso mavuto angapo omwe angatheke.

Tizilombo

Nthawi zambiri zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi moths ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Tizilombo timene timayika mazira pa kugwa, kumene nyengo yozizira imakhala bwino, ndipo mu April amapanga mphutsi ndi mbozi. Moths Amawononga masamba, kupanga shrub kukhala yosakongola komanso kuipiraipira. Ndikofunika kumenyana ndi tizirombo ngati izi atangozipeza.

Nthawi zina zowonongeka sizitsuka, ndikofunika kuchepetsa kutsuka tchire. Izi zimachitika ndi kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la phulusa. Kuti muphike bwino, mufunika:

• 400 g wa phulusa kutsanulira 5 malita a madzi;
• wiritsani kutentha kwakukulu kwa mphindi 30-40;
• mutatha kukonza yankho;
• onjezerani madzi kuti apange malita 10 a madzi;
• sungunulani 50 g sopo mu njira yokonzeka.

Ngati chilondacho chikufalikira, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuchiza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zingakhale Bankor, Confidor, Aktellik kapena Karbofos. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito aliyense wa iwo malinga ndi malangizo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera.

Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotetezera chomera, musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino ndikuphimba ziwalo zonse za thupi ndi zovala, osasiya malo osowa.

Monga prophylactic wothandizira kupopera mbewu za fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchita chochitika ichi n'kofunika pa ntchito yophukira. 500 g wa urea amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 10 malita a madzi. Ndi njirayi, zitsamba zonse zimatulutsidwa kuti zipewa matenda osiyanasiyana (makamaka fungal).

Matenda

Mfundo yofooka ya barberry ndi matenda a fungal (dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew). Matendawa makamaka amakhudza masamba, koma nthawi zina amakhudza mphukira pawokha.

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za dzimbiri zimakhala zotsamba ndi tsamba lopangidwa ndi powdery, mdima wakuda. Ngati chovalacho chiri chochepa ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono a mawonekedwe a madzi, ndi powdery mildew. Mame a masamba a barberry Superba. Pofuna kuthana ndi zilondazi, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito ("Readzol", "Topaz", "Vectra", colloidal sulfure, copper sulfate, Bordeaux osakaniza). Ikani mankhwala molingana ndi malangizo. Kawirikawiri, njira ya 4-6 ndiyotheka kuti athetse matenda.

Ngati chomeracho chawonongeka kwambiri, ndiye kuti kudulira kwaukhondo kumachitika, ndipo kudula mphukira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuthana ndi chisamaliro chosavuta, mukhoza kukula barberry, yomwe idzakondweretsani ndi masamba okongola, maluwa wokongola ndi zipatso zokongoletsera zokongola kwambiri. Shrub yotere ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera malo obiriwira kapena kupanga mazenera oyambirira.