Kunyumba ya Geranium. Kukula ndi kusamalira pakhomo

Geranium (Pelargonium) ndi yabodza, koma yodziwika bwino komanso yovomerezeka dzina la maluwa a pelargonium, chifukwa mtsogolomo, nthawi zambiri, tidzatcha chimenecho.

M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, pelargonium nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti geranium. Mwadongosolo, ndi a banja la geraniums, lomwe limaphatikizapo genus geranium ndi pelargonium. Duwa wamba lamkati mwathu ndi la mtundu "pelargonium".

Oimira genus "Pelargonium" - osatha obadwa ku South Africa. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yocheperako yomwe kutalika kwake sikoposa 12,5 cm, komanso zimphona zazikuluzikulu mpaka 1 m.

Zaka zingapo zilizonse, chomera chimafuna kudulira. Mwamwayi, geranium imakula msanga kwambiri ndipo imakhala yakukula kwa 25-30 cm pachaka.

Chomera chimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa - kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndikutha kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.

Kukula kwama geraniamu m'nyumba ya wamaluwa kumakankhidwa osati kungofuna kukongola, komanso kukumbukira zaubwana. Itha, popanda kukayikira, itchedwa mbewu yokhala ndi mbiri. Sizosadabwitsa konse kuwona nyumbayi m'nyumba yomwe anthu achikulire amakhala. Kubzala kwa Pelargonium ndi mwambo.

Zothandiza zimatha geraniums

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za geranium zimadziwika kale. Chithandizo chachikulu cha pelargonium ndi geraniol.

Othandizira masiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito mizu ndi masamba a chomera ndi zovuta zotsatirazi:

• kusowa tulo;
• kupweteka mutu;
• kupsinjika, kukhumudwa;
• radiculitis;
• ndi bakiteriya ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus;
• neurosis;
• osteochondrosis, etc.

Amadziwika kuti pelargonium imathandizira pakubwezeretsa khungu, mphamvu yogwira ntchito komanso mkhalidwe wama psychoemotional wa munthu.

Kusamalira geraniums kunyumba

Geranium si chomera chokhala moody. Koma, monga chikhalidwe, kukula bwino ndi maluwa, zimafunikira kukhazikitsa malo abwino okhala.

Maluwa geranium

Pathupsa geranium yakunyumba kwa miyezi ingapo. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtundu "pelargonium", yomwe chipinda cha geranium ndi chake, ndiye mawonekedwe a duwa. Ma petals ake am'munsi komanso apamwamba ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.

Kutengera mitundu, maluwa amatha kukhala oyera, apinki, ofiira, otchedwa burgundy. Kukula kwa inflorescence kumadaliranso mitundu. Palinso oimira maluwa obiriwira, komanso mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa omwe samakhala ndi phindu lapadera.

Njira yotentha

Geranium imachokera kumayiko otentha, chifukwa chake imakonda kutentha. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutentha kwa mbewuyo kumasiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi, matenthedwe amawonetsedwa kuti ndi abwino masana mu 20-25⁰S, usiku - 12-16⁰C.

Zomera zimasiyana nyengo: nthawi yozizira, ma geranium ayenera kukhala mu chipinda chozizira kuposa chilimwe. Mu nyengo yakutentha, thermometer yolondola ndi 18-20⁰C.

M'nyengo yozizira, duwa liyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ma radiator ndikutetezedwa ku usodzi. Mukakulitsa pelargonium, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sakonda kutentha ndi kusintha kwakanema kwa kutentha.

Kuwala

Duwa limavomereza kukonzanso kumadzulo, mbali yakummawa kwa nyumbayo. Koma geraniums kunyumba ndizabwino kwambiri pazenera lakumwera. Kuwoneka bwino kwa mbewuyo kungakhale kotsimikizika ngati maola masana amakhala pafupifupi maola 16. Kupanda kutero, zimayambira za geraniums zimayamba kutalika ndikupeza mawonekedwe osakondweretsa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yozizira ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mbewuyo iwunikidwe ndi nyali za fluorescent.

Geranium imatha kumera mumthunzi, koma nthawi yomweyo mawonekedwe a chomera amasiya kulakalaka: gawo lam'munsi la tsinde limawululidwa, masamba ndi ochepa, maluwa amawonda kapena osapangidwa konse.

Kuthirira

M'chilimwe, mbewu zimafunikira kuthirira kangapo pa sabata. M'nyengo yozizira, ma geraniums amathiridwa madzi pang'ono sabata iliyonse.

Kufunika kwa chinyezi kumatsimikizika m'maso - pamwamba pamtunda uyenera kuwuma.

Duwa limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusokonekera kwa nthaka ndi kusefukira kwa nthaka.

Kuwaza

Maluwa a geranium kunyumba safunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kusintha masamba kumakhala kofunikira pokhapokha ngati mpweya uwuma kwambiri mchipindacho - masiku otentha a chilimwe kapena nyengo yotentha.

Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kutsata masamba oyeretsa.

Kudyetsa zomerazi

Pelargonium imafunikira magwero owonjezera chakudya m'chaka ndi chilimwe. Nthawi zambiri kavalidwe kabwinobwino kamakhala kamodzi pakadutsa masabata awiri ndi atatu.

Masika ndi chilimwe - nthawi yogwira maluwa a geraniums. Chifukwa chake, feteleza ake ayenera kusankhidwa ndi predominance wa potaziyamu, phosphorous. Kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni pakukonzekera kuyenera kukhala kochepa.

Zinthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi pansi pa muzu, kapena kutulutsa chakudya chochepa pakupopera.

Dothi

Pobzala maluwa, malo ogulitsira opangidwa kale ndi chizindikiro "universal" kapena "pelargonium" ndioyenera. Pogula, muyenera kulabadira zigawo za nthaka. Sipayenera kukhala ndi humus yambiri, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa kukula kwamagawo obiriwira komanso kupondereza kwa maluwa.

Popeza dothi lomalizira, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti muzisakaniza nokha.

Njira zosakaniza dothi:

1. mchenga, ntchentche dziko, peat, humus (mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2: 2: 2);
2. mchenga, peat, dimba lamunda (1: 2: 2).

Thirani

Pelargonium ndiyabzalidwe bwino m'miphika zadongo. Onetsetsani kuti mwabowola dzenje.

Mukamasamalira geraniums kunyumba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zida zazikulu sizoyenera kubzala, chifukwa izi zimakhudza maluwa awo.

Wogulitsa umachitika mu nthawi yophukira-yophukira. Kufunika kwa njirayi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mizu, yomwe imayamba kuwoneka kuchokera m'maenje okuya.

Zomera zazikuluzikulu, ngakhale zisapondere mumphika, nthaka imasinthidwa pakapita zaka zingapo.

Chofunikira pakuzika ndi chosanjikiza pansi.

Kudulira

Chikongola chokongola cha pelargonium sichingabzalidwe popanda chitsamba. Popanda kudulira, mbewuyo imatambalala, imayambira ndikuwonekera, maluwa amatuluka.

Geranium imapangidwa makamaka mu masika. Masamba ambiri ndi masamba ake amachotsedwa. Kudulira kumeneku kumayendetsa maluwa. Koma nthawi yomweyo, chitsamba chimapangidwanso ndipo chimawoneka chowoneka bwino, ndipo maluwa amakula bwino koposa.

Kuti apange chitsamba chokongola, chomera chimafunikanso kutsina, kuchotsa masamba owuma ndi maluwa.

Pelargonium amakonzekera nyengo yozizira podula mbali zonse zopanda masamba.

Kufalikira kwa ma geraniums

Kufalitsa ma geraniums sikovuta. Kuti tichite izi, ndikokwanira kugula mbewu mu sitolo ndikuzifesa kapena kudula tsabola kuchokera pachomera cha munthu wamkulu ndikuzika.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Mothandizidwa ndi odulidwa, pelargonium nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa mu yophukira kapena masika. Koma mbewuyo imapulumuka bwino nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Kudula kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yofalitsira, motero ndi yoyenera kwambiri kwa oyamba kumene. Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. kudula ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 15 odulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa chitsamba;
2. chotsani maluwa ndi masamba otsika;
3. phesi limayikidwa m'madzi ndikuyikidwa m'malo okhala ndi dzuwa lokwanira.

Gawo lodulidwa limapanga mizu mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, ma geraniums amakhala okonzeka kumuthira masabata awiri mutadulira.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Kubzala mbewu kwa pelargonium kumakhala nthawi yayitali komanso kochepa panthawi - kumapezeka mchaka chokha.

Asanafesere, mbewu za chomera zimakonzedweratu - zimanyowa m'misempha yothira. Koma njirayi siyokakamizidwa, mbewu zambiri zidakonzedwa kale ndi wopanga.

Mbewu zokonzeka zibzalidwe m'nthaka. Madzi ndikuphimba ndi filimu kapena galasi. Kukhazikitsidwa pamalo otentha. Mphukira zoyambirira sizimawonekera pasanathe masiku 14 mutabzala.

Pambuyo kuwonekera masamba angapo enieni, ikamatula imadzimbidwa.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kunyumba, zizindikiro zotsatila za matendawa zitha kuonekela m'magazi:

• phesi lakuda - chitsamba chimakhudzidwa ndi bowa (mwendo wakuda);
• kusowa kwa maluwa - palibe kuwala kokwanira, feteleza wochuluka kapena chomera sichinadulidwe;
• imvi fluff pansi pa masamba ndi tsinde - Zotsatira zakufunika kwa bowa (imvi);
• nsonga zofiirira - chipindacho chaphwa;
• masamba achikasu ndi ofiira pansi pa tsinde - chomera chimakhala chozizira kapena mpweya wouma kwambiri;
• magawo obiriwira a geranium amasandulika ofiira - chipindacho chimazizira;
• kuvunda kwa tsinde - kusefukira;
• mabwalo oyera pamasamba - bowa (dzimbiri);
• masamba achikaso - kusowa kwa kuwala kapena kuchulukitsa kwachilengedwe masamba akale;
• phesi - kudulira kukalamba ndikofunikira;
• mawanga a bulauni pamasamba - kusowa chinyezi;
• mawanga achikasu pamasamba - kutentha kwa dzuwa.

Nkhani ya tizirombo, ndiye kuti okhala mu pelargonium akhoza kukhala:

• mealybugs;
• akangaude;
• zovala zoyera;
• cyclamen nthata;
• nsabwe za m'masamba.

Mitundu ya geranium yakunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mitundu ya Pelargonium imaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 250 ya mbewu. Pakati pawo pali onse awiriwa a pelargonium, omwe amapangidwira kulima m'nyumba, komanso mbewu panthaka.

Geranium Wokweza

Pelargonium wochokera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa. Chifukwa chakuwuma kwa chipinda, nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera cha ampel. Masamba ndi osalala, nthawi zina amakhala ndi kupindika pang'ono. Kutalika - mpaka 10 cm.

Maluwa ataliatali - kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Chiwerengero cha maluwa ambulera chimafika pa 8. Colouring ikhoza kukhala yofiira, yoyera, ya pinki.

Royal geranium

Royal pelargoniums imatha kukula kokha m'nyumba. Pali masamba ambiri. Pamwamba pakepo amakhala ofowoka kapena osalala.

Kutalika kwa mbewu - mpaka 50 cm.

Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, maluwa amakula - mpaka 7 cm. Colouring ikhoza kukhala yoyera, yofiira, yapinki, yofiirira, burgundy, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi nthawi yophukira-yophukira.

Geranium

Zonal geranium ndi mbewu yayitali kwambiri, yomwe imayambira mpaka kufika pamtunda wa 0,8-1,5. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Pamwamba pa tsamba pali tsamba lotchedwa "lamba". Mosalala kukhudza, pakhoza kukhala pang'ono pubescence.

Maluwa ndi ofiira. Ambulera imakhala yoyenda modutsa. Maluwa ataliatali - kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Geranium onunkhira

Kunja kumafanana ndi chitsamba chaching'ono mpaka 22 cm.

Masamba a masamba opindika, amasangalatsa kukhudza. Kukula - mpaka 2,5 cm. Amatulutsa fungo lokoma.

Maluwa amachitika nthawi yotentha. Mu ambulera imodzi, mpaka maluwa ang'onoang'ono 10 amapangidwa. Mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala wapinki kapena yoyera.

Geranium ndi chomera chosasinthika chomwe ngakhale alimi oyamba kumene amatha kukula. Chinthu chachikulu mukamakula ndikuyipatsa kuunika kokwanira ndikuwudulira m'nthawi. Geranium imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri, motero wokonda maluwa onunkhira amatha kusankha okha mitundu yoyenera.