Guernia - kukula ndi chisamaliro kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Guernia (Huernia) - chomera chosatha cha banja la Njiwa, akukhala m'miyala yam'mapiri ku Africa ndi Arabia komanso pazenera za alimi amateur. Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu 50 ya mbewu. Malo obadwira guernia ndi South ndi East Africa.

Mukukula, guernia imapanga nthambi zambiri zamtundu wochokera 5 cm mpaka 1.5 m. Nthochi zimatha kukhala zochulukirapo, zotsika kapena zowongoka, m'mitundu yambiri zimapakidwa utoto wobiriwira ndipo zimakhala ndi nkhope zingapo zazikulu. Mukamayenda maluwa, nyenyezi zazing'onoting'ono zooneka ngati nyenyezi ndi manda a burgundy wozama kapena wotumbulika chikasu, chokongoletsedwa ndi mzere, mawanga, madontho kapena mikwingwirima, zimawoneka pamitengo.

Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mukumvetsera chomera cha stephanotis.

Guernia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Kusamalira kunyumba Mwatsatanetsatane

Maluwa guernia

Guernia kunyumba nthawi zambiri limatulutsa chilimwe. Pakadali pano, maluwa amodzi okhazikika amawoneka pamitengo, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi inflorescence a 2-8 zidutswa. Duwa la guernia limapangidwa ndi manda otsetsereka kunja ndikusakanizika pamodzi, ndipo maziko ake amatembenukira ku chubu lalikulu.

Kupaka utoto wamaluwa, monga lamulo, ndi maroon kapena chikasu chowoneka, mapiri amatha kukongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yowoneka bwino, mikwingwirima, madontho, mawanga, ndi zina. Chomera chamaluwa chimatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa la nyama yowola.

Njira yotentha

Mtengowo ndi wa thermophilic, munthawi ya kukula kwamphamvu umakhala womasuka kwambiri pakapumidwe ka mpweya wa + 22- + 27 ° С. Guernia imatha kulolera kutentha kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo mphukira zake zimafota, ndipo maluwa amafota msanga ndikugwa.

Kuti musungitse maluwa maluwa a guernia muyenera nyengo yozizira.

Kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda momwe mbewu imapumira kuzizira kuyenera kukhala + 15- + 18 ° С.

Kuwaza

Guernia amamva bwino kwambiri chinyezi chochepa, motero, safunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Izi zitha kuchitika mwa apo ndi apo paukhondo, kuti muchotse fumbi ndi uve mu mphukira, chinyezi chowonjezera chimayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi chopukutira kapena nsalu yofewa.

Kuwala

Mtengowo umatha kujambulidwa, chaka chonse umafunikira kuwala kowala, koma kosasinthika. Komabe, kuwala kwadzuwa "kumalandiridwa" ndi guernia pokhapokha m'mawa ndi nthawi yamadzulo, nthawi zina amatha kusiya kutentha pamitengo.

Guernia imayikidwa bwino kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo. Mukayika mphika ndi chomera pawindo lakumpoto, mitengo yake imatambasuka chifukwa chosowa kuwala, ndipo maluwa sangachitike konse. Ma Guernias omwe amakhala pazenera lakumwera kwenikweni amakhala ndi mthunzi kuchokera dzuwa dzuwa.

Posamalira chomera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti "chimagwiritsidwa ntchito" ku ngodya inayake yowunikira. Kutembenuza ndikusunthira m'malo ndi kosavomerezeka, apo ayi chiwopsezo chotaya masamba onse opangidwa ndi guernia ndiabwino.

Kuthirira kwa Guernia

M'nyengo yotentha ndi nthawi yachilimwe, mbewuyo imathiriridwa madzi mokwanira, kupewa kuchulukana komanso chinyezi m'nthaka. Kuthirira pafupipafupi pazomera zogwira ntchito ndi nthawi 1 m'masiku 10-15. Guernia wakunyumba amafunika nthawi yochepa yopumira. Kupangira zinthu zotere kwa iye, gawo lapansi pakati pamatayiridwe limaphwa pafupifupi theka.

Ndi isanayambike nyengo yokhala matalala, kuthirira kumachepera ochepa: nyowetsani nthaka osaposa nthawi 1 pamwezi. Pamapeto pa nthawi yopuma, nthaka yomwe ili mumphika ndi guernia imatha kuuma kwambiri kotero kuti sipamakhalanso chinyontho. Kuti "madzi" chomera chikhale chotere, muyenera kumiza mumphika mu chidebe chozama chodzaza ndi madzi kwa theka la ola. Pambuyo poti madziwo amaloledwa kukhetsa ndikuyika duwa.

Kutsirira kotsatiraku kumachitika m'njira yachikhalidwe.

Mphika waku Guernia

Chidebe choyenera cha mizu ya guernia ndi poto lathyathyathya komanso lalikulu lokhala ndi dzenje lotaya kuti lichotse chinyezi chambiri. Mizu yake sikukula kwambiri munthawi ya nyengo, chifukwa chake simuyenera kusankha poto wokulirapo, m'mimba mwake uyenera kukhala mainchesi ochepa kwambiri kuposa mulingo wazoyambira.

Dothi

Gawo laling'onolo lakukula kwa guernia liyenera kukhala lotayirira, mpweya- ndi chinyezi-chokwanira, pang'ono zamchere. Mutha kusankha dothi losakanikirana ndi mafakitale omwe mungakonzekere ma suppulents ndi cacti, kapena muikonzetsa kuchokera kumchenga wamtsinje (perlite), pepala ndi dothi louma, peat ndi makala (miyala yabwino).

Zigawo za gawo lapansi zimatengedwa pamlingo wa 3: 2: 2: 2: 1. Asanabzale mbewuzo, dothi losanjikiza limathiridwa pansi mpaka mumphika kuti popeze chinyezi m'nthaka.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Guernia amalimbikitsidwa kudyetsedwa pokhapokha pazomera zogwira ntchito: kamodzi pamwezi, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wolemba "cacti ndi ma suppulents." Nthawi yonseyi, kuvala pamwamba kumayima kaye.

Kuphatikizika kwa Guernia

Chomera chaching'ono chimasinthidwa pachaka kumapeto kwa miyezi isanapangike inflorescence. Kujambulidwa kwa Guernia, komwe kwafika msinkhu wokhwima kwambiri, kumachitika pakapita zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza njirayi ndi kukonzanso kwa chomera: mphukira zakale zowuma ziyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu, kusiya zodulidwa zokhazokha - azitha kupereka kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa inflorescence mumwaka watsopano.

Kudulira

Sizofunikira komanso zoopsa kudula zimayimbidwe za guernia izi zimatha kupangitsa kukula kwa zowola komanso kufa kwa mbewu. Ngati ndi kotheka, mphukira zowonjezera kapena zowonongeka zimatha kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse mosamala.

Nthawi yopumula

Chisamaliro cha Guernia kunyumba chimaphatikizapo kukonza nthawi yopanda chaka m'miyezi yozizira. Pakadali pano, chomera chimasinthidwira kuchipinda chopanda bwino. Kuthirira mu Novembala ndi Febere kumachepetsedwa (mpaka nthawi 1 pamwezi), ndipo mu Disembala ndi Januwale amayimitsidwa kwathunthu.

Kukula guernia kuchokera ku mbewu

Chomera cha guernia chimafalikira ndi mbewu osati kawirikawiri kunyumba, chifukwa njirayi imakhala yopweteka kwambiri komanso nthawi yambiri. Komabe, ndizotheka kupeza chomera chatsopano mwanjira iyi, zimachita motere: nthawi ya masika mbewu zimafesedwa mchidebe chosakanizika ndi mchenga, zimaphwanyidwa ndimadzi ofunda ndikuphimbidwa ndi polyethylene kapena galasi.

M'malo ofunda pansi pazowunikira, mbande zimangokhala pafupi mwezi. Wobiriwira azikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso kutetezedwa kuti usawonongeke.

Zomera zikakulimba, zimabzalidwa mumiphika umodzi ndikupitilizabe kusamalira monga zitsanzo zazikulu.

Kufalitsa kwa Guernia ndi odulidwa

Guernia imafalikira mosavuta ndi zidutswa zodula. Zomera zobzala zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndikusiyidwa kuti ziume kwa masiku angapo. Akadulidwa okonzedwa obzalidwa mumchenga wothinitsidwa bwino ndi mchenga ndi peat.

Mizu yolimba imawonekera mkati mwa masabata 1.5, kenako mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kuziika m'miphika imodzi. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mbande siziyenera kuthiriridwa kuti zisayambe kuvunda. Ngati phesi lakonzeka ndi kuzika moyenera, limatha kutulutsa pakatha miyezi 10-12 mutabzala.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Guernia saopa matenda ndi tizilombo tina tambiri, popeza amateteza chitetezo m'thupi. Kwa iye, zowola zokhazokha ndi mizu, zomwe zimatulukira kuthirira kwambiri, ndizowopsa. Zolakwika zina posamalira zitha kubweretsanso thanzi labwino komanso mawonekedwe a mbewuyo. Zina mwa izo ndi:

• Zimayambira ndimakola - makamaka, izi ndi zowotcha dzuwa, chomera chimayenera kusunthidwa kutali ndi galasi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chizitha kuwombera masana dzuwa lowala kwambiri.
• Mapesi a Guernia amataya kuwala kwawo chifukwa cha kuwala kosakwanira. Nthawi zambiri izi zimawonedwa nthawi yozizira, pomwe muyenera kukongoletsa maluwa backlight pogwiritsa ntchito nyali.
• Mphukira za Guernia ndi zoonda komanso zazitali, ngati dothi lomwe labzalidwamo limatha mu michere. Zomera ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza woyenera.
• Guernia siliphuka pamene magetsi oyendetsedwa amasokonekera mwadongosolo kapena chomera chikasowa zakudya. Kuti masamba apezekenso pamitengo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zolakwa posamalira.
• Tiyeretse pachimera pachomera - chizindikiro chakugonjetsedwa kwa guernia ndi mealybug. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yochotsera mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amakono okhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Tizilombo tina ta guernia sikuti timakhala ndi chidwi.

Mitundu ya nyumba ya guernia yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Guernia wamizere (Huernia zebrina)

Mitundu yotsika pang'ono yokhala ndi zimayambira yoposa masentimita 10. Akuwombera ndiwowoneka, wobiriwira wopepuka kapena burgundy. Maluwa ndi akulu, osazolowereka: pharynx ya maroon imadutsa mu mphete yotumphukira yomweyo, yokonzedwa ndi manda, yophatikizidwa ndi nyenyezi ya 5-point. Mafuta a mandimu achikasu mumtambo wa burgundy.

Guernia waku Kenya (Huernia keniensis)

Kukula kwakuthupi kwakatikati ndi mphukira pafupi kutalika kwa 30 cm. Zimayambira zokwawa, zobiriwira zowoneka bwino. Mitanda yamaluwa imakhala yopindika kwathunthu, ndikupanga chogwirizira chachikulu, imapakidwa utoto wofiirira.

Rough Guernia (Huernia aspera)

Chomera chachikulu komanso chapamwamba kutalika pafupifupi 20 cm, chili ndi mphukira wowonda bwino wa maluwa obiriwira obiriwira komanso maluwa akulu ofiira a burgundy ofanana ndi nyenyezi ya 5-point.

Guernia primrose (Huernia primulina)

Mtundu waufupi, wokula kwambiri wokhala ndi zimayambira osaposa masentimita 10. Zowombera zowala, ubweya wonyezimira. Mitengo yamaluwa imakutidwa kunjaku ndikujambulira utoto wamtundu wachikasu, chubu chofiira kwambiri pamunsi pawo.

Guernia wopachikidwa (Huernia pendula)

Chomera chachikulu cha ampel chokhala ndi drooping chimayambira mpaka 1.5 metres. Zowombana zooneka ngati cylindrical, zojambulidwa utoto wonyezimira. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, owoneka ngati nyenyezi, ofiira-ofiira.

Guernia prickly (Huernia hystrix)

Mtundu wocheperako wokhala ndi mphukira zamtambo wobiriwira wopitilira kutalika kwa masentimita 12. Mapiri a maluwa amapanga mtundu wa "chisa cha mbalame" pa chubu chachikulu. Pamwamba pa corolla pali burgundy kakang'ono koyera koyera, yonseyo imakutidwa ndi zophuka zakumaso, papillae, zomwe zimapangitsa duwa kuwoneka bwino.

Guernia boleana

Chomera chowoneka bwino, chobiriwira, chomeracho, chotalika pafupifupi masentimita 10. Maluwa ndi owoneka ngati nyenyezi, achikasu, mawonekedwe onse amanda adaphimbidwa ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka maroon.