Kunyumba yaku Alocasia. Kulima ndi chisamaliro

Alocasia (Alocasia) - Chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse kuchokera ku banja la Aroid. Amachokera ku Southeast Asia. Imapezeka zachilengedwe m'nkhalango zotentha za Ceylon, malo otentha a Malaysia, Indonesia. M'malo achilengedwe, momwe kumakhala kotentha, chinyezi komanso lalikulu, imakula mpaka mamita 4. Kutalika kwa mitundu yachilengedwe kuyambira 0,4 mpaka 2 m, masamba amakula kuchokera pa 0.3 mpaka 1 m.

M'nyumba, duwa limakhala mpaka zaka 3, mu wowonjezera kutentha - mpaka 15. Mnyumba alocasia amakula pang'onopang'ono, mchaka amapanga masamba 5 okhala ndi mtima kapena masamba a chithokomiro okhala ndi mitsempha yopepuka. Chilichonse chatsopano chimakhala chachikulu kuposa chakale. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo achilendo, mbewuyo imatchedwa "makutu a njovu." Sichimakonda kuphuka, kutulutsa koyera-kofiyira inflorescence-cob, wokutidwa ndi chotchinga.

Zothandiza katundu

Alocasia imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe. Tincture wa masamba ndi zimayambira amathandizanso kupweteka ndi kutupa, kutsimikiza kumalowa. Ntchito mastopathy, gout, rheumatism, zotupa, chibayo. Mafuta ofunikira ndi gawo la madontho a mano. Koma mankhwala omwe mumadziyambitsa nokha ndi owopsa: mbewu yake ndi yoopsa. Mitundu ina yomwe imakhala ndi wowuma yambiri imatheka. Maluwa a Phytoncides amayeretsa mpweya wamkati.

Mawonekedwe akukula kunyumba. Mwachidule

Idakali yachilendo m'zipinda: chomera chachikulu chotentha chimakhala ndi malo ambiri, chimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Alocasia kunyumba amamva bwino ngati mutabweretsa malo omangidwa pafupi ndi oyenera kwambiri kwa iye:

Ngakhale chisamaliro chikuwoneka ngati chophweka, pali zina zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa alocasia. Mtengowo umatetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kutentha. Masamba ofesedwa panthawi yake amachotsedwa kuti asatenge mphamvu pachomera kuti asawononge mawonekedwe ake. Madzi amachititsa mkwiyo pakhungu ndi mucous, motero amawaika m'malo osavomerezeka kwa ana ndi nyama.

Kusamalira alocasia kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Duwa la Alocasia kunyumba limakula bwino ngati eni ake amasamalira.

Tikufika

Kubzala ndi gawo lofunika popanga zinthu zabwino mmera. Kukhala bwino ndi kukula kwa duwa kudzatengera nthawi ndi nthawi yomwe wadutsa. Ntchito yodzikongoletsa imachitika mchaka. Home alocasia imafuna dothi lotayirira, lotulutsa mpweya komanso lonyowa lomwe limakhala ndi acidic reaction (pH pafupifupi 5, 5).

Mutha kugula kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi dothi, kapena mutha kuphika nokha kuchokera ku peat, dothi lamasamba ndi singano zosankhidwa, zotengedwa mbali zofanana, ndi theka la gawo la mchenga (perlite). Asanadzalemo, dothi limakhala louma kapena lokazinga. Popewa madzi kuti asasunthike, dongo lokulitsa kapena njerwa zosweka zimathiridwa mumtsuko.

Maluwa

Kutulutsa kwa Alocasia m'nyumba ndi chinthu chosowa komanso chosasangalatsa. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera a pinki amawoneka pamtengo wachikulire, wophatikizidwa ndi khutu laling'ono, wokutidwa pachikuto. Ikhoza kukhala kirimu, wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira.

Maluwa atha kufooketsa chomeracho, kulepheretsa kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a masamba atsopano. Chifukwa chake, inflorescence nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa popanda kudikirira nthawi yomwe alocasia itatha kupukutira imapanga zipatso mu mawonekedwe a mabulosi omwe ali ndi njere. Malo odulawo amadzaza ndi malasha ophwanyika.

Njira yotentha

Kuti mumve bwino ndi alocasia, ndikofunikira kuti boma lizitha kutentha. Duwa lotentha limakonda kutentha. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa chipinda kuyenera kusungidwa pakati + 18 ° C ndi + 27 ° C. Ngati ili pamwamba kwambiri + 30 ° C, alocasia imalekerera, koma iyenera kuthandizidwa pakadali pano mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. M'chipinda chofunda m'chilimwe, masamba atsopano nthawi zambiri amapanga.

M'nyengo yozizira, mzere wa mercury suyenera kugwera pansi + 15 ° C, apo ayi, maluwa, pokana kuzizira, achepetsa kukula. Mitundu ina imatha kutaya masamba ndikupanga yatsopano mu April. Thirirani chomeracho ndi madzi ofunda, okhazikika.

Chomera chiyenera kutetezedwa kuti chisasungidwe ndi mpweya, koma chipindacho chimathandizira kuti mpweya usasunthe.

Kuwaza

Alocasia amakonda mpweya wonyowa, kotero kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yofunikira posamalira maluwa otentha. Ndi chithandizo chake, kukula ndi chitetezo chokwanira cha mtengowu chimagwidwa. Ndikwabwino kupopera m'munsi mwa masamba kuti madzi asakumane m'machimowo ndipo asawononge miyala ndi mandimu. M'chilimwe chimachitika kamodzi patsiku.

M'nyengo yozizira, kwamvula, nyengo yozizira, iwo amalavulidwa ndi kuthiriridwa madzi kambiri. Pukutani mosamala, kuti musaswe masamba osalimba. Nthawi zina amakonza sopo ofunda, kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa. Chomera chimayikidwa pa pallet ndi dongo lokhathamira, mulch ndi moss, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wofinya kapena kuyika botolo lamadzi loyandikira pafupi ndi mphikawo.

Kuwala

Kuwala kochepa kumafooketsa: kukula kumachepetsa, masamba ang'onoang'ono amapanga. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yovuta kulekerera: masamba ake amadetsedwa ndipo amatha kukhala monochrome. Alocasia amakonda kuwala, koma kuyatsa sikuyenera kungokhala kokwanira, komanso kumwazikana. Mphezi zowala zowonekera bwino za dzuwa zimatha kuwotcha masamba.

Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kukula alocasia kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo. Ngati mbewuyo ili kumbali yakumpoto, nthawi yophukira komanso yozizira imafunika kuyatsa. Alocasia, yoyikidwa kum'mwera kwa nyumbayo, nthawi yotentha imakhala yotupa pang'ono kapena kuyikidwa pambali pazenera.

Kuthirira

Kutsirira ndi chinthu chovuta; chinyezi chambiri chimatha kubweretsa duwa povulaza kuchepa kwake. Kutentha kocheperako, kumachepetsa madzi nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira ndi mitambo, masiku ozizira, mmera umathiriridwa kamodzi, masiku 10 aliwonse. Kuchuluka kwanyontho ndi hypothermia kungayambitse kufa kwa duwa.

M'chilimwe, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira, mpaka katatu pakadutsa masiku 7. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyera okhaokha mchipindacho. Asanatsirire alocasia, ndikuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dothi laphwa ndi 6 - 7 cm.Chonde kuti chinyezi chisasanduke msanga, chomerachi chaphikidwa ndi moss.

Kukula kwa mphika

Miphika ya alocasia muyenera malo otalikirana ndi mizu kuti mizu yake ipezeka mwaulere. Ndikofunika kuti pakhale maenje okumba pansi, ndiye kuti madzi sadzasunthika, mizu ipume. Mukamachotsa, lingalirani kukula kwa mphikawo. Amakhulupirira kuti m'mimba mwake muli chitseko chatsopanocho chiyenera kukhala chachikulu masentimita awiri ndi awiri kuposa mulifupi mwa mbale zam'mbuyomu.

Koma ngati mizu ya duwa idayenera kuchepetsedwa ndikulekanitsa gawo lodzala kapena kuchotsa zidutswa zowonongeka, ndiye kukula kwake kumasankhidwa poganizira mizu yotsalayo.

Dothi

Dothi lolemera, ngati mpesa, limakanikiza mizu ndikuchotseketsa chinyezi, mpweya ndi michere - pomwe mbewuyo singakhalepo popanda. Chifukwa chake dothi la alocasia zikhale zotayirira, zopepuka, zopumira. Mutha kugula gawo lokonzekera lopangidwa ndi aroid, onjezerani makala ophwanyika ndi dziko lapansi. Njira yachiwiri ndi nthaka yosakanikirana ndi senpolia, perlite yosalala, malasha ophwanyika ndi mchenga.

Mutha kukonzanso dothi panu posakaniza dothi 4 la ma orchid, magawo atatu a dothi la m'munda, magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo limodzi la perlite ndi sphagnum. Kusakaniza kwabwino kumapezeka kuchokera kumitundu yofanana ya peat ndi greenhouse land. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya alocasia imafunikira dothi lokhala ndi acid (pH 5, 5), koma Copper-red ndi squat alocasia amakonda nthaka yokhala ndi acidity. Kwa iwo, mutha kuwonjezera dolomite ufa kapena laimu. Monga ngalande, udzu wosweka kapena dongo wokulirapo umathiridwa pansi pamphika ndipo moss amayala.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kotero kuti alocasia kunyumba samva kusowa kwa zinthu zofunikira, zimadyetsedwa. Feteleza ndi kuphatikiza feteleza zimachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala, kamodzi pa masiku 14. Mukathirira, feteleza aliyense wamadzimadzi wokhathamiritsa pakati masamba azomera wokongoletsa (amamugwiritsa ntchito Copper-red alocasia, amamuthandizira katatu).

M'pofunika kuchepetsa njira yothetsera, kuti mchere wambiri usatseke maluwa (kukondoweza kwambiri kumabweretsa imfa). Pazovala zapamwamba zapamwamba, yankho limachepetsedwa. Pukuta pansi pa pepalali poopa kuwotedwa.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dontho la mbalame ngati chovala cha mizu, koma fetelezayu wakhazikika kwambiri, amang'amba 25-30 nthawi.

Kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi, chomeracho sichimasokonekera: chimakhala ndi nthawi yopuma, pamene kudyetsedwa sikumayikidwa, ndikutsirira kumachepetsedwa.

Thirani

Kupatsirana kwa Alocasia ndikofunikira. Kuika kwina kulikonse sikusintha kwa mphika, komanso kukonzanso dothi, ndipo nalo alocasia limalandiranso michere yatsopano. Chomera chachikulu chimadulidwa pakatha zaka ziwiri zilizonse, achichepere - momwe amakulira (osachepera katatu pachaka).

Tengani chidebe chatsopano. Amayesetsa kuti asasokoneze dothi lapansi pamizu kuti apweteke alocasia pang'ono momwe angathere. Nthaka yatsopano imathiridwa pamadzi, dambo limayikidwa ndikuwaza ndi dothi lomweli. Kenako amathiriridwa madzi, owaza ndi dothi louma ndikuwumbika ndi moss. Ngati mbewuyo imakulitsidwa, imayikidwa m'manda.

Zotsatira zake, mizu yolowera idzawonekera. Nthawi zina mafupa amapezeka pamizu ya chomera. Amachotsedwa mosamala ndikubzala mu mbale ina kuti ziberekane. Kugulitsa kumachitika kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Meyi.

Kudulira

Kudulira alocasia kumakhalapo kuchotsedwa kwa masamba achikasu chomwe chimalepheretsa kukula kwa maluwa. Amadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa bwino, nsanamirazo zimakonkhedwa ndi malasha osankhidwa. Njirayi imagwiridwa ndi magolovesi kuti madzi a poizoni asatigwere mwangozi. Pambuyo pa ntchito, manja ndi mpeni zimatsukidwa bwino.

Ngati patchuthi

Alocasia amafunika chisamaliro mwatsatanetsatane. Ngati banja lonse likukonzekera kupita kutchuthi zoposa sabata, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa. Moss watsopano amayikidwa pansi, mumphika umayikidwa mu thireyi ndi dongo lonyowa. Sankhani malo okhala ndi magetsi oyaka. Muyenera kufunsa okondedwa kuti asamalire mbewuyo popanda eni. Konzani madzi othirira, fotokozerani momwe mungatungire madzi, utsi ndi mpweya.

Kuswana

Kuberekanso kumatheka m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kufalikira kwa alocasia pogwiritsa ntchito timinofu pamizu

Kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito timizere pamizu ndiyo njira yotchuka kwambiri komanso yosavuta yopezera chomera chatsopano.

• Ma tubers amasungidwa mu yankho lomwe limapangitsa mapangidwe a mizu, zouma ndi kubzala mu chonyowa chisakanizo cha mchenga (perlite) ndi sphagnum ndi mulomo.
• Phimbani ndi kanema, ndikupanga mabowo kuti ma tubers apume.
• Gwira pa + 24 ° C. Mizu yake ikawonekera, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo ikakulimba, tubers imabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana.

Kufalitsa kwa Rhizome

• Chidutswa chimasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera.
• Ikani odulidwa owazidwa makala amoto.
• Mtengowo wabzalidwa mumchenga wosakanizika ndi peat. Chokani pa + 23 ° C.
• Zimakhala mthunzi masiku angapo kuti chitsamba chisinthane ndi nyengo zina.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi mumathirira, podutsa mpweya komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

• Kuchokera pa alocasia, mphukira kapena gawo la thunthu lomwe lili ndi impso 1 mpaka 2 limalekanitsidwa.
• Amasungidwa munjira yotsitsimutsa, ndikuwobzala mumchenga wonyowa ndi peat kotero kuti impso ili pamwamba pa nthaka.
• Valani pamwamba pa polyethylene ndikunyamuka pa + 23 ° C.
• Maimidwe amapangidwa pa filimuyo kuti condurance isadziunjike.
• Siping'i imathiriridwa, kuwulutsa, kupopera.
• Pakatha mwezi umodzi, uzika mizu, kenako nkudzalidwa mumphika wina.

Kukula alocasia kuchokera ku mbewu

Kuberekanso mbewu kumachitika mukangopeza: iwo amataya kumera msanga.

• Mbewu zimatsukidwa, zimasungidwa mu njira yolimbikitsira kapena madzi a aloe.
• Amakulitsidwa, osayikidwa m'manda, osakaniza ndi mchenga ndi coconut gawo lapansi + 24 ° C pansi pa filimu, yomwe imachotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ipume.
• Pakatha milungu iwiri, mphukira zimawonekera. Amawakodwa mumiphika payokha ndikupitilizidwa.
• Mbande zimamera pang'onopang'ono: tsamba loyamba limangowonekera patatha chaka.
• Chithokomacho chikadzaza mphikacho, mbewuyo chimasokonekera.

Njira zonse zofalitsira za alocasia ndizomveka komanso zotheka kupezeka. Pokonzekera kutenga chitsamba chatsopano, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yosiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu siinatchulidwe ndi njere: ndizosatheka kufananiza mbewu.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Nyumba ikamapanga bwino chomera, imamera mwamphamvu komanso molimba. Koma nthawi zina alocasia imadwala matenda kapena tizilombo. Izi zimakhudza kusintha kwa maonekedwe ake.

Tizilombo

Nthawi zambiri, alocasia imagwidwa ndi tizirombo wamba ta zomera zapakhomo: nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kupindika, nthata za akangaude, mealybugs. Choyipa kwambiri ndi kangaude. Zizindikiro zakugonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo: mawonekedwe akunja opsinjika a duwa, fumbi ndi kutumphuka pansi pa tsamba, madontho ang'onoang'ono opepuka.

Miteyi imagwirana ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri wamkati. Kuti muchotse tizilombo, masamba amatha kutikiridwa ndi shampoo kuchokera nkhupakupa ndi utitiri; mutatha mphindi 10, muchotse, dulani duwa, kutsanulira ndi kutsitsi wa Irbis, kuphimba ndi polyethylene kwa ola limodzi.

Chakuti matendawa adayamba, zizindikilo zimati:

• mawanga a bulauni pamasamba - kutentha kwa dzuwa (sinthaninso ndikusintha duwa); mbewuyo ndi yozizira (ikani kutentha);
• mawanga akuda ndi mkombero wachikasu - kuzungulira kwa mizu kuti muchotse madzi (kuchepetsa kuthirira, chotsani masamba odwala, kuchitira ndi Foundationazole);
• chikwangwani chofiirira chakuda pamasamba alocasia - powdery mildew (pukuta masamba ndi yankho la sopo yochapa, gwiritsani ntchito fungicides okhala ndi mkuwa);
• mizu yoola - kuthirira kwa dothi (sinthani dothi kuti lisungunuke; muchepetse kuthirira; chotsani mizu yowonongeka, muzitsuka chikwanje ndi potaziyamuanganidwe, kuwaza malo odulidwa ndi ufa wa malasha; chomera m'nthaka yatsopano);
• Malangizo a masamba oma alocasia - mpweya wouma kwambiri (wowazidwa, ikani chidebe chamadzi pafupi naye);
• ikukula pang'onopang'ono - kusowa kwa nayitrogeni (madzi ndi yankho la urea, 1 gramu pa lita);
• masamba afota - kuthirira kwamadzi kapena kuthilira nthaka, nthaka yolemera (kukonza kuthirira, kusintha dziko lapansi);
• masamba amatembenuka - kuyatsa pang'ono (kuyikidwa pamalo owala, pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera);
• Malangizo a masamba amasamba chikaso - kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka, kuthiriridwa ndi madzi a chlorine kapena ovuta (kuthiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika, momwe mungathe kuwonjezera 0,2 g wa citric acid pa 10 l madzi);
• masamba amagwa - Kukonzekera zotsatira (kukonzanso pamalo otetezedwa);
• masamba ang'ono - kuwala pang'ono (kukonzanso m'malo owala);
• mawanga amdima pamasamba, masamba amasandulika akuda ndi owuma - kusodza kapena hypothermia (ikonzanso pamalo otetezedwa);
• adatsitsa masamba onse - kufooketsa chomera mutatha maluwa (chotsani duwa lachifumbo ndi zotsalira za masamba, kuyika chipinda chowala bwino komanso chosangalatsa ndikuthiririra - mpaka masika kuti duwa lipumule; kenako ndikudzulani ndikudyetsa).

Ngati alocasia amamva chisamaliro cha wozala, amakhala wamphamvu, wathanzi komanso wokongola.

Mitundu ya alocasia opanga ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Imayimiridwa ndi mitundu 85 yomwe imamera mwachilengedwe. Sikuti aliyense angazike mizu m'nyumba. Alocasia yakunyumba imagawika m'magulu awiri: yayitali, yokhala ndi mizu yayikulu-yayikulu, yokhala ndi masamba atatu ("trefoils") komanso yotalika pang'ono komanso masamba owala kwambiri.

Amazonia alocasia (Alocasia amazonica)

Alocasia ndi yayikulu-mizu. Kutalika kwa tsinde - mpaka 15 cm, petioles - 40 - 65 masentimita, amtundu wa pinki wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda. Masamba odulidwa a chithokomiro amtundu wakuda wobiriwira wokhala ndi mzere wowoneka bwino wamkati ndi mitsempha yoyera yamtsogolo (kutalika - mpaka 0, 5 m, m'lifupi - mpaka 0, 2 m). Khutu ndi loyera-la pinki (0, 1 mita) mu chotchinga chobiriwira-chobiriwira. Nthawi zambiri amabala zipatso kunyumba.

Alocasia Sander (Alocasia sand kala)

Muzu wamtundu waifupi. Masamba ofanana ndi owongoka ali ndi nthenga zobiriwira zobiriwira zokhala ndi notchi komanso mitsempha yopepuka (kutalika kwa masamba - mpaka 45 cm, m'lifupi - 15 cm). Mizu yake ndi ya bulawuni ndi tint yobiriwira (kutalika - 30 - 60 cm). Pa mizu imapanga timiyala tambiri. Amamera mu greenhouse, ntchito kuswana hybrids.

Alocasia Low (Alocasia lowii)

Thunthu lalifupi ndi mizu mobisa ana. Masamba ozungulira kapena opindika mu petioles apamwamba amakhala obiriwira bwino kapena ndi timiyala ta siliva (gawo lakumunsi la tsamba limakhala red-violet). Ali ndi Sheen wachitsulo.

Alocasia napellus (Alocasia cucullata)

Kutalika - 0, 6 - 1 m'mimba mwake wa barrel - mpaka 8 cm. Petioles - mpaka 30 cm, ochepera - kutalika. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 1 m, m'lifupi ndi mpaka masentimita 80. Pali notch m'munsi mwa masamba owala. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Masamba akulu okha omwe masamba ambiri amatulutsa. Wamtali, mpaka 30 cm, peduncle wokutidwa ndi thupi lophimba. Zothandizira zimamangidwa mwamphamvu ndi tuber yayikulu.

Duwa lokongola ndi masamba apamwamba. Zomera zochepa zomwe zimatha kudzitamandira ndi masamba akuluakulu ngati amenewa. Ngakhale mu chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma, duwa limafikira pamlingo wopatsa chidwi, ndipo ndi chisamaliro chabwino, limawoneka ndi kukongola kosowa.