Hoya - chisamaliro ndi kubereka kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Hoya - chomera chakunja cha ku Southeast Asia, imamera ku India, zilumba za Polynesia, kontinenti ya Australia. Dzinalo limadziwika kuti wax ivy.

Duwa lotentha Hoya ndi la subfamily Lastovnevych (Lastochnikovyh). Kutengera mitundu, zimapezeka mwachilengedwe monga mipesa yamtchire, epiphytes ndi zitsamba.

Makhalidwe osiyana ndi chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira (masamba obiriwira, opanda masamba) ndi maukonde okongola ooneka ngati ma ambulera (pinki, oyera, achikasu, maroon).

Mtengo wokwera ungathe kutalika kwa 2-10 m, kutalika kwa tchire sikupita masentimita 60. Wosatha umadziwikanso ndi kukula kwapakati pa 20-30 cm pachaka.

Zothandiza katundu

Chomera:

• Zimathandizira kuthetsa kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, mutu waching'alang'ala, matenda apakhungu apakhungu (furunculosis, carbunculosis).
• Fungo la inflorescences chomera limawonedwa ngati aphrodisiac.

Malinga ndi zamatsenga, Noua ndi vampire yamphamvu, chomera cholembedwa m'gulu la "amuna amuna" obiriwira. Okonda maluwa, opanda tsankho, amalingalira za hoya chitsimikizo cha kukhala bwino ndi banja, chithumwa cha mnyumbamo.

Mawonekedwe akukula kunyumba. Mwachidule

Trimea hoya pamalimi apanyumba ndiwosanyalanyaza. Koma ngakhale mitengo yotsika mtengo yosafunikira imafunika chisamaliro choyenera. Njira zazikuluzikulu zazomwe zili motere:

Kusamalira Hoya kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Duwa losakhala lotentha lithandizanso kutsitsimutsa udzu, kuwadzaza ndi masamba obiriwira komanso maluwa obiriwira, amakongoletsa mkati mwa nyumbayo.

Pansipa pali malingaliro omwe angathandize wamaluwa kukula chomera chokongola ndikupanga malo abwino kwambiri kukula kwake, pafupi ndi zachilengedwe.

Maluwa

Hoya amasinthasintha mwachangu kunyumba. Duwa ili silingatchulidwe kuti silimatulutsa, m'malo mwake, silidumphira pakapangidwe ka inflorescence. Nyengo imodzi, chomera chimodzi chimatha kuponyera kuchokera kumodzi mpaka masamba makumi asanu.

Maambulera owala komanso amitundu yambiri kuchokera kumaluwa asanu-peteled ofanana ndi ma asterisks awiri amatha kufika masentimita 8-11. Mphukira imodzi imatha kukhala ndi maluwa pafupifupi 7-50, motero sizosadabwitsa kuti imatha kulemera kuposa magalamu 200. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe akulu ndi olemera m'mimba mwake, osavomerezeka amakonzanso chomera nthawi yamaluwa.

Pa maluwa hoyi Nectar imadziunjikira zochuluka, zomwe zimakwirira ma petals. Izi zimapangitsa kuthekera kwa kuphimba kwa maluwa ndi sera, powala bwino, maluwa akutumphuka.

Maluwa amatenga miyezi ingapo (3-4), akupitiliza komanso kununkhira. Mphukira yamaluwa imasangalatsa diso kwa milungu itatu, kenako imagwa, kenako ndikukhazikika. Fungo lodziwika bwino la timadzi tokoma timakhala ndi kukoma kununkhira, ndipo kuchuluka kwama inflorescence kununkhako kungakhale kovutitsa komanso koopsa.

Njira yotentha

Kunyumba Hoya ndi thermophilic. Sililekerera kukonzekera komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha m'chipindacho. Kutentha kosangalatsa kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kukula kwa duwa lino + 24 ° C. Panthawi yopuma, yomwe imagwera m'miyezi yozizira, ndibwino kuti hoya ikhale pamalo abwino pa kutentha kwa + 10-16 ° С. Kutalika kwapakati pa boma la kutentha ndi +15 - 20 ° С.

Ngakhale duwa limachokera komwe kumatentha ndi kutentha kwake, limasangalatsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, masabata osagwira kutentha, zimakhala zomveka kuteteza duwa kuti lisatenthe kwambiri ndi dzuwa, nthawi zina kuti lizipukuta.

Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa

Yogwira gawo la kukula ndi maluwa pamtunda woyenera iyenera kutsagana ndi kuthirira kwa mbewu.

• Kuchepa kwa chinyezi cha dothi sikuyenera kupitirira kamodzi pa sabata.
• Kutsirira kotsatira kumafunika pouma pang'ono masentimita atatu a kumtunda kwa kubzala nthaka.
• Thirirani mbewuyo ndi madzi osalala owoneka bwino kutentha.

Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindamo kupitirira + 24 ° C, duwa limafunanso kukonzanso ndi chinyezi.

• Kudzaza kuchepa kwake, ma pallet amadzi, nyumba zogwiritsidwa ntchito mozama zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kuti muthandizike kuthana ndi kusowa chinyezi, muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito masamba osamba.

Chonde dziwani: masamba a chomera amalekerera bwino madzi akathiridwa mankhwala ndikusamba, ndipo inflorescence imadetsedwa ndi chinyezi, chifukwa chake njira izi posamalira hoya ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala.

Kuwala

Kuwala komwe kumapangitsa kuti masamba azikhala ndi maluwa ambiri kumathandizike kuteteza masamba kuti asayake. Kutengera izi za mmera, muyenera kusankha pakati pa kufuna kusangalala ndi mapangidwe ambiri a masamba kapena yowutsa mudyo komanso masamba akulu.

Malo abwino kwambiri mnyumbayo ndi mbali ya kumwera chakum'mawa. Mutha kumera chomera cham'mera mu mthunzi, koma kukula pamenepa adzachepetsedwa kwambiri.

M'chilimwe, mutha kupanga zachilengedwe zamaluwa kuti zikule - zithandizeni kupita kumsewu ndi kuziyika m'malo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa - pafupi ndi zitsamba kapena mitengo yokhala ndi korona yolimba kwambiri.

Momwe mungafafanize fumbi

Masamba ambiri a sera a hoya ndiwotengera fumbi labwino kwambiri. Kuyeretsa kwakanthawi kochepa masamba owoneka bwino otentha kumafunika. Masamba a maluwo amatha kupukuta ndi phukuta lonyowa lopangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe kapena kutsuka osamba. Ndondomeko tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika kamodzi pamwezi.

Mphika

Indoor maluwa hoya amakulitsidwa mumiphika yayikulu ndi yaying'ono yamaluwa yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena dongo yokhala ndi mabowo otulutsa ngalande.

• Ngati cholinga chachikulu mukakulitsa maluwa ambiri maluwa, muyenera kusankha mphika wapafupi. Kukula kochepa kumalepheretsa kukula kwa mizu, yomwe imalola kuti chomera chitha kugwiritsa ntchito michere yonse yolandidwa pakupanga masamba, osati pakupanga mphukira zatsopano.
• Ngati hoya ndiosangalatsa ngati mtengo wamphesa wobiriwira mpaka kalekale, mphika wokulirapo (muli) ndi lingaliro labwino mukabzala ndi kufalitsa mbewu.

Dothi

Hoya amalandila magawo ochepa opumira. Kubzala kapena kudula kwa maluwa, mutha kugula zosakaniza zopangidwa kale kapena kuphika nokha. Mukamasankha, dothi lodetsa nkhawa komanso lachilendo liyenera kusankhidwa. Mapangidwe ake akhoza kukhala osiyana:

• turf + tsamba land + peat + mchenga + humus (1/2/1/1/1);
• peat + perlite + mtengo wamakungwa + coconut fiber (1/1/1/1);
• dimba lapansi + perlite + vermiculite + moss (2/1/1/1/1).

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Zowonjezera michere zimangofunika gawo lokhazikika la maluwa ndi maluwa.

• Zofunika feteleza zam'migodi (nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium) zimayikidwa m'nthaka nthawi zonse.
• Ndikosatheka kuthirira mizu ndi mankhwala ophatikiza ndi michere. Osakaniza wokonzedwayo amathiridwa mumphika, kutsatira m'mphepete mwa mkombero.
• Mukamavala mavalidwe apamwamba, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a omwe akupanga feteleza wazipatso zamkati, olima maluwa odziwa bwino amapereka gawo limodzi la theka la mankhwala.

Thirani

Hoya amawokedwa mchaka kamodzi zaka zitatu zilizonse, akafika pachomera chathanzi. Ma sampu achichepere amafesedwa chaka chilichonse. Kuyika kwadzidzidzi ndikofunikira chomera ndikofunikira chifukwa chodwala ndi matenda ake komanso pazifukwa zosadziwika.

Ntchito yoika ndi njira zingapo:

• kusankha mphika wa maluwa;
• kudzaza thanki ndi ngalande;
• kuchotsa chomera mumphika wakale;
• kuyang'ana kwa mizu;
• kuyika mbewu mumphika watsopano;
• kudzaza thankiyo ndi dothi latsopano;
• kuthirira mbewu.

Chiyerekezo cha nthaka ndi ngalande (3/1).

Momwe mungalime

Pochotsa kapena kudulira kwa mphukira, mbewuyo imafunikira:

• zowonongeka ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga;
• ndi kukula kwambiri.

Kuti muchepetse ndikuchotsa mphukira, gwiritsani ntchito secateurs. Magawo amapangika pakati pa timinofu ta tsinde. Mphukira zomwe masamba adayikidwa siziwachotsedwa. Nthawi yotsatira maluwa, ma inflorescence atsopano amapezeka pa iwo.

Nthawi yopumula

Kusamalira koyenera kwa Noua panthawi yotsika kenako kumapangitsa maluwa ake kukhala ambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, chomera sichikhala ndi manyowa, osasendeza, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kwake, kupereka boma lotentha osapitilira + 16 ° C.

Kodi ndizotheka kusiya hoya mosasamala

Ngati mikhalidwe yonse yomangidwa ikwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti maluwa okongola osasunthika amatha kusiyidwa bwino m'malo osungika kwa milungu ingapo, atatha kuthirira, kuthira manyowa ndikupatsidwa chinyezi chosungika mumphika, ndikumwaza dothi lakumwamba ndi dothi lonyowa.

Hoya kuswana

Pogwiritsa ntchito zodula ndi zigawo, mutha kupeza zitsanzo zowonjezera za Noua kunyumba.

Kufalikira kwa Hoya ndi odulidwa

Kudula kumathandiza pakatikati pa kasupe kapena kugwa koyambirira. Zodulidwa zokhala ndi masamba ziyenera kukhala ndi masamba anayi. Zidutswa za tsinde zimapangidwa masentimita angapo pansi pa tsamba.

Zidula zikakonzedwa, muyenera kuchita izi:

• yambitsa mapangidwe a mizu yodula mwa kuwagwira osachepera maola 24 muzu;
• sankhani maziko a mizu (madzi, mchenga, gawo lapansi);
• ikani zodula mu chidebe ndi maziko ndi kuphimba ndi filimu;
• perekani boma lolamulira kutentha m'chipindacho osatsika kuposa + 20 ° С;
• Pakatha mwezi umodzi, ikani zodulidwazo mu mphika wamaluwa ndi dothi lokonzedwa kale;
• kutsina nsonga za mphukira zazing'ono kuti mulimbikitse maluwa.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Njira yosavuta yolera yobereka ndi kupanga magawo:

• Mphukira za duwa losalala mu arc wopindika;
• pindani pamwamba pa arc iliyonse ku dothi loyamba ndikumawaza ndi dothi;
• pasanathe milungu iwiri kapena itatu, mizu imapangidwa pa gawo lowaza;
• gawo la tsinde lomwe lili ndi mizu limasiyanitsidwa ndi secateurs ndikusunthidwa mumphika wosiyana ndi dothi lokonzedwa kale.

Kuyika kuyenera kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi tating'onoting'ono pa maluwa. Mukakhala malo osungunuka (opindika ndi mbewa), kukondoweza kwa mizu kumachitika.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mphamvu za Hoya zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi zovuta komanso matenda:

• zowola mizu ndi zimayambira - chinyezi chambiri, feteleza wopitilira muyeso;
• masamba amasanduka achikasu hoyi - njira yothirira sinawonedwe;
• ma petals ndi masamba kutha - kukonzanso kwa chomeracho kumalo atsopano, chinyezi pamene kuthirira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kudagwa pazinthu;
• kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa zimayambira - kuchepa kwa dothi la michere, kusayang'anira kuchuluka pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza;
• Masamba amatembenukira wobiriwira - osakwanira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni;
• zofiirira za masamba - kuwonetsa kwambiri ma radiation a ultraviolet (kuwotcha);
• masamba hoyi kupindika ndi youma - chinyezi chochepa, kusowa kwa madzi okwanira, kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho;
• sichimatulutsa - kuyatsa kosakwanira, nyengo za chisanu sizimakumana, mphukira za maluwa zimadulidwa;
• masamba opunduka - kusowa chinyezi;
• tsamba lofiirira - matenda oyamba ndi fungal;
• madontho akuda pamasamba achichepere - bakiteriya mawanga;
• masamba okutira ndi zokutira oyera - Kugonjetsedwa ndi Powdery.

Zitha kuthana ndi mealybug, kangaude wa mbeza, tizilombo tambiri, mizu mizu.

Mitundu ya kunyumba ya Hoya yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mitundu ya hoya yotentha imakhala yambiri. Pansipa pali kufotokozera kwa oimira ochititsa chidwi kwambiri azomera zamkati za Noua.

Meaty hoya, kapena sera ivy

Hoya carnosa - liana, kutalika kwa zitsamba zamatumba kumatha kufika mita 6. Masamba amtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndi kirimu kapena mkombero wachikasu, chowonda, chamtundu, waxy. Maluwa okhala ndi nyenyezi (20-30 ma PC.) Amasonkhanitsidwa m'mambule inflorescence a mtundu wakuda wa pinki. Maluwa atali (chilimwe-yophukira).

Hoya ndi wokongola

Hoya bella ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka epiphytic kokhotakhota, kamayenda koonda. Ili ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono owoneka ngati masamba obiriwira (3 cm), inflorescence yoyera yokhala ndi korona wofiirira (8-9 ma PC.), Yokhala ndi ambulera yooneka ngati ambulera. Maluwa osasunthika, imagwera nthawi yotentha.

Chingwe cha Hoya

Hoya lacunosa - epiphyte. Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira a Rhomboid obiriwira kutalika kwa masentimita 6. Maluwa mu inflorescence yoyera (ma 15-20 ma PC.) Ndipo korona wachikuda pakati amakutidwa ndi mulu, wotengedwa kuchokera ku maambulera masamba. Zingwe za chomera ndizowondera, osazungulira zokha. Maluwa ndi khalidwe kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Hoya wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri

Hoya multiflora - chitsamba chamtchire chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12. Zowonda zolimba sizinapindika - zowongoka. Wokula ngati chomera cha ampel, umatalika masentimita 60-70. inflorescences ndi yoyera (chikutulutsa 40 ma PC), Gawo lam'munsi la maluwa limapindika, masamba ake amapangidwa ambulera. Imakhala ndi fungo labwino la ndimu pa maluwa. Mapangidwe a masamba agwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pakati pa nyengo yophukira.

Hoya Kerra

Hoya Kerrii ndi mpesa waukulu, womwe umayambira kutalika kwa mamitala 2. Ili ndi masamba akulu obiriwira okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtima (12 cm, 9c kutalika) ndi masamba oyenda okhala ndi mizu yambiri ya aerial. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa, amafanana ndi nyenyezi zosyathyathya, pakati ndikuda, matalala apansi ngotsika, mu bud muli maluwa 25. P maluwa, amatulutsa fungo la chlorine. Maluwa ochulukirapo amawonekera m'chilimwe.

Zabwino hoya

Hoya imperialis ndi mpesa wokhala ndi nthambi zopyapyala zomwe zimafikira kutalika kwa mamitala 8. Masamba akuluakulu (20c) kutalika kwake (20cm) kutalika kwake. Maambulera inflorescence amakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu khumi a violet hue, pakati ndi yoyera. Pa maluwa, fungo labwino limatuluka. Mauva amapangidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe.

Hoya waku Australia kapena Kumwera

Hoya australis ndi liana wautali wa mamitala 10 wokhala ndi masamba akulu, masamba owala a masamba 15c. Mtundu wa masambawo umatha kukhala wopepuka kapena wobiriwira wakuda. Mu mphukira imodzi yamalamulo, pamakhala maluwa pafupifupi khumi a mawonekedwe oyera-ofiira kapena kirimu, amatulutsa fungo lonunkhira. Limamasaka kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka Novembala.

Fluffy hoya

Hoya pubicalyx - mtengo wamphesi wokwera 7m, wokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu oblong (kutalika 14 cm), utoto wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawanga asiliva.Amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mithunzi ya inflorescence - kuchokera ku pinki yopepuka mpaka maroon ngakhale maroon wakuda. Dengu la inflorescence limapangidwa ndi maluwa 30 omwe amatulutsa fungo lonunkhira. Limamasula m'chilimwe.