Ichi si chipatso chokoma, komanso chomera chabwino chomera pakhomo. Sizingosangalatsa zokolola zokha, komanso zili ndi mtengo wokongoletsa. Momwe kukulira chinanazi kunyumba chidzafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.
Momwe mungakulire chinanazi kunyumba
Chomera ichi ndi cha banja la Bromeliad. Kugulitsa pali zipatso 1 mpaka 2 kg. Komabe, kukula paminda, kulemera kwa imodzi mwa iyo imatha kufika 5 kg.
Maluwa ndi zipatso
Maonekedwe a mbewuyo zimatengera nyengo yomwe yabzala. Ku Brazil, kutalika kwa mitundu ina ya chinanazi kumatha kufika mita imodzi ndi theka. Komabe, mitundu yake ina imakhala yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake.
Zambiri! Minda yomwe chomera ichi chimabzalidwa ili pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Akuluakulu a iwo ali ku Hawaii, Philippines, Mexico ndi China.
Ndi kulima kwa nyumba, kutalika kwa kanjedza sikufikira theka la mita. Pineapple ali ndi rosette wa masamba akutali, pomwe chipatso chimakula. M'banja la Bromeliad, ndiye mbewu yokhayo yabwino.
Ngati mumagwira nyumba akukula motsatira malamulo onse, ndiye kuti simungathe kuwona maluwa oyamba a chinanazi, komanso zipatso.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndichizolowezi kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu inayi ya chinanazi:
- A. Comosus amadziwika ndi masamba ake opindika komanso zipatso zabwino;
- A. Comosus Variegatus amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wamamba wamamba. Amakhala ofanana komanso amafupikitsidwa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Chomera ichi chimawoneka chokongola ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto a kapangidwe, koma chimabala zipatso zochepa;
- A. Bracteatus Striatus ndi wokulirapo. Chikhalidwe chake ndi kupezeka kwa masamba obiriwira achikasu.
Tcherani khutu! Kukula mitengo ya chinanazi kulinso kovuta kuposa kubzala zipatso.
Momwe mungakulitsire chinanazi kunyumba kuchokera pamwambamwamba
Kuti muchite kukulira chinanazi kunyumba, ndikokwanira kupeza chipatso choyenera. Ndikofunika kuti ali ndi rosette wa masamba pamwamba. M'tsogolomu, izi zidzafunika kulumikizidwa komanso kuzika mizu.
Momwe mungazizire mananasi kunyumba
Gawo loyamba pakukula ndikupeza chipatso choyenera. Mukamayang'ana, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi rosette yonse yamasamba kumtunda pamodzi ndi pakati pake.
Ndikofunika kuti chipatsochi chikhale chathanzi, mwinanso, ngati chakula, mavuto angabuke. Ndikofunikira kuti pamwamba sikutembenukira bulawuni. Kuchokera pawebusayiti, pamwamba pa maluwa amatuluka. Pokhapokha ngati kutsogoloku mtengowo padzamera chomera.
Mukapeza, gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kuzika mizu.
Kuti muchite izi, tsatani izi:
- Ndikofunikira kupatula bwino malo ogulitsira. Mbali yakumwambayo imadulidwa kuti ichoke masentimita awiri. Chipatso ichi chikuyenera kupendedwa. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala chidendene chopindika pang'ono.
- Kenako ndikofunikira kudula mosamala zotsalira za zamkati, kusiya gawo lamkati mwake silinakhudzidwe. Ngati kuchotsedwako sikumatha komanso kudula kolakwika, ndiye kuti zotsalazo ziyamba kuvunda. Pakudula mutha kuwona madontho oyera. Ayenera kugwiridwa ndi chisamaliro, awa ndi timinofu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tiyenera kukhazikika.
- Podulidwa, muyenera kung'amba masamba. Izi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zitha kuyeza m'munsi mwa 2 cm. Kulekanitsidwa kwa masamba kumachitika ndi kayendedwe kamene kamayendetsedwa mbali ya thunthu. Mukachotsa masamba ena nthawi zina, mutha kuwona mizu yophukira.
Chotsatira, muyenera kumera mizu. Kuti tichite izi, gawo lam'munsi la thunthu loyesedwa masamba limayikidwa pakati mpaka madzi. Pakatha sabata kapena awiri, mizu imayamba kukula mwachangu mu chinanazi.
Tcherani khutu! Kutalika kwa mizu ndi 2 cm, amachotsedwa pamadzi ndikuyika papepala kuti liume. Ndikofunika kudikirira maola 2-3 mpaka pamene mizu yake ili youma kwathunthu. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chakonzeka kubzala m'nthaka.
Chomera chokongoletsera
Pineapple Primer
Kuti mulime chinanazi, mutha kugula malo pamalo ogulitsira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mitengo ya kanjedza kapena zipatso. Ndikofunika kuti mutabzala, nthaka imasunga chinyezi. Sayenera kukhala yonyowa kwambiri kapena yowuma kwathunthu.
Chinanazi chabzalidwa pansi, ndikofunikira kuti osati mizu yokha, komanso gawo la thunthu lomwe linachotsedwapo kale masamba, limaphimbidwa.
Zingati kukula kwa chinanazi
Maluwa amapangidwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka kapena ziwiri mutabzala mu nthaka. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera mutatha maluwa, zipatso zimapangidwa m'malo mwake. Mtengo wawo ukasinthika, mbewuyo imafa, koma itha kudwanso mwatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito masamba a masamba.
Kodi zinanazi zimamera bwanji zachilengedwe
Malo omwe mbewuyi idabadwira ndi South America. Imapezeka kuno kuthengo. Anthu am'derali amalima zinanazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Kodi mitengo ya chinanazi imamera bwanji ndi mtengo wamanazi
Chinanamba ndi chitsamba chaminga. Duwa kenako chipatso limapezeka kumtunda kwake, pamwamba pa maluwa Mizu yake imapangidwa pang'ono. Tsamba ndi lalifupi.
Pamwamba pa chipatso chimawoneka yokutidwa ndi mamba. Mphukira yaying'ono imamera pa korona wake.
Zofunika! Chinyezi chimatha kumera pamasamba, chomwe chomera chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu munthawi youma. Kutalika kwa tchire kumatengera nyengo zomwe zikukula. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamtunda kuchokera 60 cm mpaka mita ndi theka.
Rosette wachomera wamkulu amapangidwa kuchokera masamba 30 olimba. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 20-100. M'mphepete mwa masamba, mitundu ina ya mapini imakhala ndi minga, imakhala yakuthwa komanso yopindika.
Maphunziro a mwana
Kumene mitengo ya chinanazi imamera, komwe mayiko
Chomera ichi chinali choyamba pakati pa azungu omwe anapeza a H. Columbus. Adaphunzira za kupezeka kwa chinanazi pakuyimilira pafupifupi. Guadeloupe. Panthawi imeneyi, anali kukula m'maiko a Central ndi ambiri aku South America.
Zambiri! Dzinali limachokera ku "Nanas", pomwe chilankhulo cha Aborigine chimamveka ngati "chipatso chokongola."
Malo omwe mbewuyi idabadwira ndi Brazil ndi Paraguay. Pambuyo pake kukulira kwa chinanazi kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi
Kodi maluwa a chinanazi
Maluwa amapangidwa pambuyo pa 1.5-2,5 zaka atayamba kukula. Mtundu wa inflorescence mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi khutu momwe muli maluwa ambiri, umakhala wamitundu iwiri.
Peduncle amapangidwa kuchokera pakulidwe kwamasamba. Chomera chimadzipukutira tokha. Maluwa amatha masiku 14-20. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utoto wofiira.
Mitengo ya chinanazi
Mbewuyi imamera m'minda ku Africa, Southeast Asia, India ndi China. Chinanazi ndimakonda bwino nyengo yotentha. Amatha kusunga madzi kuti azitha kupulumuka nyengo yadzuwa.
Chomerachi chimamera bwino nyengo yomwe ili yoyenera zipatso zamalanje.
Nthaka zazikulu kwambiri zaulimi wake zimapezeka ku Thailand, Philippines, Hawaii, Mexico, Australia ndi Guinea. Pineapple ndiwokhwima mwachangu ku Ghana, India, Australia, China.
Tcherani khutu! Ku Russia, izi zimatha kukhwima m'malo obiriwira.
Miphika ya chinanazi kapena chinanazi
Kulima kunyumba sikovuta. Koma kutsatira malamulo a momwe angasamalire ndikovomerezeka.
Zokongoletsa zinanazi
Chomera sichimabala zipatso nthawi zonse panyumba. Kuti mupeze izi, muyenera kuyisamalira mosamala. Koma imatha kudalilika pokongoletsa. Maonekedwe a chinanazi amatha kukongoletsa nyumba. Malamulo okukula kuti azikongoletsa ndi ofanana ndi omwewo nthawi zomwe akufuna kupeza zipatso kuchokera pamtengowo.
Kumera
Momwe mungasamalilire chinanazi mumphika kunyumba
Kenako, tikukuuzani pang'onopang'ono momwe mungakulitsire chinanazi kunyumba kuchokera pamwamba.
Pakukula, muyenera kusankha poto wabwino. Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala kotero kuti osachepera 2 cm amachokera chomera kupita m'mphepete. Nthawi zambiri, awa amasankhidwa kuti adzalidwe. Kotero kuti m'mimba mwake ndi 12-14 cm.
Chizindikiro chabwino ndikuwonekera kwa masamba atsopano pamtengo wamanazi. Pankhaniyi, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti udzuwo udachita bwino.
Zambiri! Chomera chake makamaka ndi udzu, osati chipatso.
Kukula
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha malo owoneka bwino kwambiri a chinanazi mu nyumba.
Kuti chomera chikule bwino, mpofunika kuti muchokerane chaka chilichonse. Ndikofunikira kuchita njirayi kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yachilimwe.
Kodi mitengo ya chinanazi imamera pati? Amamera bwino m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, ndibwino kwa iye kuti akagule m'nthaka yosungirako malo omwe mitengo ya kanjedza imakula. Ndimalola kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lapadziko lonse.
Mukabzala pansi pamphika, ndikofunikira kuthira ngalande, kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala chinyezi kwambiri komanso kuteteza chinanazi ku matenda owola. Exot samamva kufunika kwa umuna.
Chomera sichimaphuka nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimachitika zaka 1.5-2 mutabzala mu nthaka. Ngati chinanazi chimapatsidwa kuunikira kokwanira, ndiye kuti zipatso zimatha kutuluka maluwa.
Mukakula, ndikofunikira kupereka kutentha kwa 25 ° C pachomera cha thermophilic. Ndizabwino kwambiri pa chinanazi nthawi yamasika, chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa 20 ° C kulibwino.
Chinanazi sikufunikira chinyezi chambiri. M'chilimwe, ndikokwanira kuthirira katatu pa sabata. Nthawi yomweyo, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti tipewe madzi. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikokwanira kupereka chomera ndi chinyezi sabata iliyonse.
Tcherani khutu! Mukathirira, thirani chinyezi chaching'ono mu malo ogulitsira. Ndikotheka kupopera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi pazolinga izi, ziyenera kuloledwa kuti zikhazikike.
Mavuto akukulidwa
Ngati masamba a chinanazi ali otumbululuka, izi zikuonetsa kusowa kwa kuunikira. Vutoli litathetsedwa, mbewuyo imakulanso.
Pamene chinanazi chikakula, koma maluwa sapanga, chitani izi. Nthawi yokhazikika ya mapangidwe awo ndi miyezi 18-30. Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika pakadali pano, ndiye kuti chomera chimatha kuperekedwa ndi chithandizo choyenera. Njira imodzi yothanirana ndi vutoli ikhoza kukhala kuphika chinanazi ndi mpweya wa ethylene. Kunyumba, imatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito maapulo. Zipatsozo zimadulidwa m'magawo awiri, chimodzi chimayikidwa pafupi ndi chinanazi ndi gawo la nthaka, ina pamalowo palimodzi. Chomera chomwe chili pamtunduwu chimakutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki ndikusiyidwa kwa milungu itatu. Maapulo amatulutsa ethylene, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsira mbewu. Mukakhala kotheka kuwona mawonekedwe a maluwa, phukusi limachotsedwa, ndipo apulo yotsalayo imachotsedwa.
Zosokoneza zina pakukula kwa chomera ndizothekanso:
- Nthawi zina mutha kuwona momwe masamba apansi amira komanso kupindika. Choyambitsa chachikulu ndi chinanazi pakukonzekera. Ndikofunikira kusunthira kumalo kuti asakhale pachiwopsezo;
- ngati pali fumbi pamasamba, muyenera kuwapukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa;
- ngati mbewuyo yanyinyirika ndi kuyanika masamba ndipo yangophuka kumene, ndiye kuti ichi si chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Nthenga pambuyo pa kupangika kwa mwana wosabadwa, koma kutulutsa kwake kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kukulitsa mbewuyo;
- ngati chinanazi chikukula pang'onopang'ono, ndiye kuti chikusonyeza kuchepa kwa michere ndi kufufuza zinthu. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigule ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa maluwa oyambira;
- ngakhale chinanazi ndi chomera cha thermophilic, komabe, sichilola kutentha kwambiri. Potere, masamba amatha kuwuma ndikugwa. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusamalira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino yopumulira ndi kuthirira.
Tcherani khutu! Ma Scabies amatha kuukira chomera. Zotsatira zake, malo owoneka bwino a bulauni amawoneka pansi pamasamba. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo, ingopukutsani masamba ndi thonje lomwe limanyowa m'madzi a sopo.
Kodi chinanazi chimafalitsidwa bwanji?
Pa kukula, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito rosette yamasamba. Komabe, ndizotheka kukula chipatso cha chinanazi pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zake. Njirayi imawononga nthawi yambiri kuposa kukulitsa magetsi.
Mukhonza kuyikanso zodulira zakusamba.
Momwe mungakulitsire chinanazi kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba
Mukamakonzekera momwe mungabzale chinanazi kunyumba, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Kukula za chinanazi pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu zake ndizotheka pokhapo kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zagulidwa shopu yapadera. Ndizosatheka kubzala zomwe zidapezeka zokha. Mukamagula chinanazi chakudya, ndiye kuti sichikhala ndi mbewu, kapena sichikhala chosasinthika.
Mbewu zomwe ndi zoyenera kukula ndi izi:
- ndiwotetemera ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana;
- mtundu wake ndi wonyezimira kapena wokhala ndi tint yofiirira;
- kutalika 3-4 mm.
Asanabzale, amafunika kuti zimere. Kuti muchite izi, amayikidwa pakati pa zopukutira ziwiri ndikusiyidwa pamalo otentha kwa maola 18-24.
Amabzalidwa mumsuzi wa peat-mchenga. Poterepa, mbewu sizikulilidwa masentimita imodzi ndi theka. Kuti mumere, kuphimba filimu ya cellophane kapena galasi ndikuyika malo otentha. Ngati kumera kumachitika ndi kutentha kwa firiji, ndiye zomveka kuyembekezera mbande yoyamba munthawi ya masabata atatu mpaka mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Mukasunga chidebe pa kutentha 30-32 ° C, mbande zimatuluka patatha milungu iwiri.
Mukamamera, muyenera kuthilira nthawi zonse zikumera ndikuwadyetsa masabata awiri aliwonse.
Pambuyo pakuwoneka masamba 2-3, mbewu zimayenda pansi pamadzi (zobzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana). Amafunikira nthaka yopanga peat, humus, dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga. Kupanga dothi kumasula, 5% yamakala ophwanyidwa amawonjezeramo.
Zofunika! M'malo mwa gawo la mchenga, gawo lofanana la perlite lingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Chinanazi panthaka
Kodi zinanazi zimafalikira bwanji m'chilengedwe?
Kodi zinanazi zimamera bwanji zachilengedwe? Imapezeka mwanjira yazomera zokha. Nthawi zambiri zipatso zake zimakhala zovuta, zimakhala ndi kukula kochepa komanso kutsekemera poyerekeza ndi mbewu.
Maluwa atatsirizika, chipatso chimapangidwa m'malo ano. Popeza nthawi zambiri mmera umakhala wabwino, umadzipukusa. Komabe, zimachitika kuti maluwawo ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Pankhaniyi, imatha kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo.
Mu zipatso zamtchire, pali mbewu zambiri zomwe mbalame ndi nyama zimakonda kusinthidwa, kuzisunthira komwe zimagwera pansi ndikukula.
Kukula chinanazi kunyumba sizovuta. Ndi kuyesetsa kosamalitsa pang'ono, mutha kuwerengera osati zipatso zokoma, komanso chomera chokongoletsera.
