Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa, maluwa obiriwira nthawi zonse amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe. Imakutidwa ndi mabedi amaluwa, ndikupanga nyimbo mumbale. Kunyumba, imakhalanso yotchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ake obiriwira komanso okhala nthawi yayitali komanso osachita zinthu mosamala. Amakula pamawindo ndi pamakhonde. Duwa lidakhala ndi dzina chifukwa cha maluwa "osatha", omwe samasiya.
Chomera chimakhala cha 30 cm. Pesi losalala lili ndi 11 mpaka 13 ma nyumba (zigawo). Pa masamba 4 - 5 masamba awo amakula, masamba 7 - 8 otsala amatulutsa. Masamba abwino wokhala ndi masamba, okhala ndi petioles, asymmetric. Mitundu ya ma petals imatha kukhala yoyera mpaka yofiira. Pali mtundu wosavuta kapena terry wa corolla.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya begonias wobiriwira nthawi zonse
Begonia ya evergreen ndi ya gulu la Begonia, ndipo imagawika m'magulu awiri.
Wowowawachin
Amadziwika ndi masamba akuluakulu obiriwira kapena masamba abulauni okhala ndi zimayambira mwamphamvu (mpaka 35 - 40 cm m'litali) komanso kukula kwakukulu (mpaka 5 cm m'mimba mwake), koma maluwa ochepa kwambiri kuposa gracilis.
Oyimira gulu lino:
- Lotto - wobiriwira, kukula kwa corolla ukufika 5 cm;
- Magawo amadziwika ndi kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa matani a masamba ndi maluwa; maluwa mpaka mainchesi 4;
- Inferno amakula mpaka 50 cm; maluwa apinki ndi oyera;
- Begonia Lucenec ndi mtundu woyambirira wosasinthika, umakhala ndi maluwa oyera omwe amatembenukira pinki m'mphepete mwa masamba.
Gracilis
Amasiyana masamba obiriwira kapena ofiirira omwe amakhala ndi pubescence pang'ono, mphukira zosalimba. Pali maluwa ambiri, ochepa kukula. Chipinda 15 - 20 cm.
Oimira:
- Paphwando
- Olympia - mitundu yoyambirira yamaluwa ndi masamba amdima;
- Erphody wagunda;
- Bella Vista - wokhala ndi mphukira zobiriwira;
- Duro - kulolera chilala, chitsamba chachikulu, maluwa akulu.
Evergreen begonia imafalitsidwa ndi njere, ambiri amakonda kudula.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Nthawi yabwino yofesa ndi masiku omaliza a Disembala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Mbewu zofesedwa panthaka popanda kuzikulitsa. Kenako chidebe chimapopedwa kuchokera mfuti yothira ndi kuphimba ndi galasi kapena polyethylene owonekera. Maluso amatha kuyikidwa pamalo owala, osayiwala kupanga mthunzi padzuwa lamphamvu.
Kutentha pa nthawi yophukira kumasungidwa 20 - 22 ° C. Pakumera, zotengera ziyenera kuthandizidwa tsiku lililonse kwa ola limodzi. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kuumbika komanso kuwoneka ngati "mwendo wakuda". Kuti mafangayi asawonekere, asanabzale mbewu, nthaka idakhetsedwa ndi yankho la 0.1% ya baseazole kapena 0,1% ya potaziyamu potanganum.
Mbewu zikamera, ndikofunikira kutsika kutentha mpaka 17 ° C. Ndi masamba atatu enieni, mbande zimatsamira.
Yang'anani! Kutentha kukachepa, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, apo ayi padzakhala madzi akwinthaka.
Mphukira za begonia zotulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kufalitsa begonia ndikudula, kudula kumayambiriro kwa masika ku zomera zathanzi. Pachifukwa ichi, mphukira za apical zosankhidwa zingapo zimasankhidwa. Masamba amachotsedwa pansi pa odulidwa. Kudula nsonga zimayikidwa m'madzi kapena dothi la peat.
Kuti mupeze mizu yabwinobwino, magawo amatha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mizu. Itha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera ndikugwiritsa ntchito malingana ndi malangizo. Zodulidwa ndi njira yabwino yopezera mbewu zingapo mwachangu.
Nthambi zobzala zobiriwira nthawi zonse zimamera mosavuta mutabzala. Makamaka amawalipira masamba chifukwa amakhala ochepa. Kuthekera kokweza kuyenera kukhala masentimita atatu mulifupi kuposa oyambayo.
Zambiri! Ngati poto watsopanoyo ndi wamkulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imakula bwino komanso kuphuka. Ndipo kokha mizu ikadzaza thankiyo kukula kwakukulu, begonia iyambanso kukula. Ndiponso, pankhaniyi, pamakhala mwayi wosefukira maluwa. Kenako adzawonongeka.
Ndikwabwino kumuika mu miphika yaceramic. Ma ceramics amalumikizana ndi chilengedwe ndipo amalola chinyezi ndi mpweya kuti zidutse. Ilinso ndi kutentha kwamatenthedwe. Imafunika makamaka ndi kuzizira kwawindo nthawi yozizira komanso dzuwa pazenera lakumwera nthawi yotentha.
Wokuika mumphika wina umafunika mizu ikatuluka m'maenje okuya. Nthawi zambiri, ikamatera imachitika ndi kusintha kwa zinthu:
- Konzani mphika watsopano.
- Thirani ngalande mpaka pansi.
- Ikani dothi laling'ono pamalowo
- Chotsani chomera mu thankiyo yakale ndikusunthani pang'ono lapansi pang'ono. Fatsani mizu mosamala, kuti musasokoneze mizu wamba.
- Ikani mumphika watsopano ndikuphimba ndi dothi latsopano, ndikupanga dothi pang'ono.
- Kutaya bwino, utsiwula chomera. Mutha kuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki usiku.
Tcherani khutu! Kutalika kwenikweni kwa masentimita 1 kumakhala pakati pa dothi ndi m'mphepete mwa mphikawo kuti madziwo azithirira.
Kubzala wobzala wobiriwira nthawi zonse mumtsuko
Ngati malowo ndi akale, ayenera kusinthidwa kwathunthu. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani mizu mu mphika ndikuyiyika mu beseni lamadzi kutentha kwa firiji. Pakapita kanthawi, mutha kufalitsa mizu mosamala, ndikutsuka dothi pakati pawo. Mizu yodwala komanso yowonongeka iyenera kuchotsedwa. Mukabzala mumphika, mbewuyo imakhazikitsidwa pamalo omwewo. Mapalewo adakutidwa ndi nthaka, ndikukula pang'ono, ndikuthirira.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira masamba obzala nthawi zonse sikufuna mavuto ambiri, koma kuti mudziwe bwino komanso maluwa opendekeka, ziyenera kuchitika:
- Duwa lakunyumba sakonda kuyatsa kowala kwambiri, choncho ndibwino kuyiyika kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwenera. Begonia imasinthidwa dzuwa padzuwa lakumwera. Ngati duwa lili lakuya mchipindamo, ndiye kuti kuwunikira kowonjezereka kumalimbikitsidwa.
- Nthaka imafunikira michere, yotayirira, yolemera, yopanda mbali kapena acidic pang'ono. Zomwe nthaka ili: dothi lamtunda (magawo awiri), nthaka yamtundu, peat ndi mchenga (gawo limodzi). M'masitolo apadera mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa ndi "Begonia".
- Kuthirira ndizochepa, koma chisamaliro chimayenera kutengedwa kuti dothi lisamere konse. Ngati nyumbayo ili yotentha komanso youma, mutha kuipopera m'mawa kapena madzulo.
- Kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndi 18 - 20 ° С, m'chilimwe - pafupifupi 25 ° С. Momwe mnyumba munyengo yachisanu musalolere kuchepetsa kutentha kwaomwe mukufuna, ndiye kuti zimawunikiranso.
Ngati begonia yobiriwira ibweretsedwa kuchokera mumsewu nthawi yophukira, ndiye kuti mphukira zazitali ziyenera kudulidwa. Chapakatikati, chimaphuka. M'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsedwa pamwezi ndi michere yamchere. M'chilimwe, kudya movutikira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa kamodzi sabata ziwiri zilizonse.
Zambiri! Zomera zimathiridwa ndi feteleza wamadzimadzi pokhapokha ponyowa.
Nthawi zonse masamba agalu a evergreen amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima m'misewu - m'maluwa amaluwa ndi m'mbale. M'malo otentha nthawi zonse pamakhala begonia - yosatha. Nthawi yotentha, kulima kwake kumachitika chaka chilichonse.
Mbande zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe mumsewu pambuyo pazizira zonse. M'mwezi wa Meyi, mutha kukoka muli mbewu ndi mbande munyengo yobzala. Masana, nyengo yotentha, mbewu zimatsegula pang'ono kuti ziume.
Begonia idayamba maluwa m'munda wamaluwa
Pakadutsa masiku 7- 7 asanagulidwe pamalo otseguka, begonia imaphatikizidwa ndi potaziyamu phosphate 5 g pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi. Mutabzala, imatha kuthandizidwa ndi epin kapena zircon.
Zomera mumsewu zimayenera kumchotsa udzu, kuzimitsa kapena kuzilimbitsa, kuthirira ndi kuzidyetsa. Pa mulch gwiritsani kompositi tsamba, humus kapena peat. Amadyetsa ndi feteleza wovuta.
Mukugwa, begonias athanzi, olimba amawaika m'miphika ndikukutenga kumunda. Zomera zikasintha m'nyumba, zimayambanso kutulutsa.
Evergreen begonia imakula bwino mchipinda komanso m'mundamo. Ndiosavuta kukula kwa oyamba kumene komanso zosangalatsa kusonkhanitsa gulu la alimi odziwa zambiri.
