Chikhalidwe cha ku Asia chikukulirakulira kwambiri. Anthu ena samvetsa bwino kuti Bonsai ndi chiyani. Ichi si mtengo wamtali wapadera, koma mbewu yomwe idakulitsidwa mwanjira inayake.
Oimira apadera
Kulima kwamtunduwu kuli ndi mbiri yakale. Dziko lakwawo ndi China ndi India. Bonsai adawonekera ku Japan m'zaka za 6, ndipo amonke oyendayenda adabweretsa luso ili. Pang'onopang'ono, zidindo 15 zidapangidwa zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mitengo ikhale mitengo yabwino.
Ambuye enieni amadziwa njira yopangira bonsai ngati mwayi wopanga china chake chapadera ndikugogomezera kukongola kwachilengedwe. Zitha kubzala osati zam'nyumba zamkati, komanso kuchokera kumunda wamaluwa.
Sikuti aliyense angathe kudziwa luso lopanga nyimbo zazing'ono
Zofunika! Asanapange mawonekedwe, munthu ayenera kudziwa bwino za zomaliza.
Bonsai ndi luso lomwe limafuna njira yapadera. Thunthu ndi nthambi zimapanga chithumwa chapadera chomwe chimakulitsa kakang'ono. Mtengowo umafunikira zabwino kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe cha Japan
Ku Land of the Rising Sun, bonsai adadziwika kwambiri munthawi ya Tokugawa. Kenako anthu olemera adayesetsa kuti apange mapaki okongola, ndipo amonke - minda. Otsatira a Buddha amakhulupirira kuti kudzera muzomera zimapanga zatsopano.
Chifukwa chake, kukula bonsai, munthu adalumikizana ndi mulunguyo kapena kukhala wolemera. Ku Japan, mitengo yotere ikufunika kwambiri. Miphika ndi iwo imayikidwa muzipinda ndi m'munda.
Alendo nthawi zonse samamvetsetsa kuti bonsai weniweni ku Japan ndi chiyani. M'dziko la Rising Sun, uku ndi luso kwenikweni lomwe limangoyambira masters enieni. M'mizinda, mitengo yazifupi ngati imeneyi imakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge chidutswa m'zipinda zazing'ono.
Nthawi yotsika mtengo kwambiri
Bonsai ndijambulidwa ku Japan, koma amapezeka kwa anthu olemera okha. Chochitika chilichonse chimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Zomwe zili m'derali ndi za mtengowu, zomwe zidagulitsidwa pamsika wa $ 1.3 miliyoni.
Tcherani khutu! Street bonsai anali wazaka mazana angapo. Munthawi imeneyi, thunthu lake linakutidwa mochititsa chidwi, ndipo korona wake anali wokongola.
Bonsai wakale
Kuphatikiza pa bonsai, komwe ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, palinso zitsanzo zomwe zimasiyana mu zaka zosangalatsa. Wogwirizira zojambulidwa m'munda uno ali ndi zaka 800 zapitazo. Thunthu lake ndi lambiri komanso lophatikizika modabwitsa, ndipo koronayo amafalikira bwino.
Pakati pa mitengo yayitali, pali oimira osadziwika. Mbuye m'modzi adatha kubzala wisteria, yemwe amatulutsa bwino. Wina sanangokhalira bonsai wodabwitsa, komanso adamupangira mawonekedwe ofanana ndi nyumba ya Hobbit.
Mmodzi mwa ambuye odziwika kwambiri omwe amapanga bonsai mumsewu - M. Kimura.
Chitsanzo cha cholembedwa ndi wolemba wotchuka
Kuchokera ku Japan, mawu oti "bonsai" amamasuliridwa kuti "wamkulu mu thireyi." M'dziko la Rising Dzuwa, mitengo yobiriwira imalimidwa kuti ikhale nyumba. Chifukwa cha mizu yathyathyathya, amafunikira miphika yayitali, yochepa. Pallet imakhalanso gawo la nyimboyo.
Sizofunikira kudziwa momwe mawu oti "bonsai" amasuliridwira. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe mungapangire mawonekedwe ndi zomwe muyenera kuziganizira.
Bonsai kwa oyamba kumene
Mitengo yazingwe ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa ogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chamakhalidwe. Musanayambe kupanga bonsai, muyenera kuphunzira zojambula zonse zaukatswirizi.
Tcherani khutu! Pali mabuku ambiri, zokambirana ndi maphunziro pazomera zazing'ono.
Bonsai kwa woyamba si nkhani yophweka. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena, kusamalira mtengowo ndikuchepetsa nthawi. Muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mawu ofotokozera amamasuliridwira.
Tanthauzo la "nebari" limapezeka mosavuta m'mabuku. Liwuli limatanthawuza "mizu yamtengo" yomwe imatuluka pamwamba pa nthaka. "Edabari" ndikugawa kwina kwa nthambi pafupi ndi thunthu.
Masamba ayenera kukhala ocheperako ndikupanga korona wandiweyani. Sizovuta kwambiri kusamalira chomera choterocho, chifukwa zolakwa zingawononge chithunzi cha mtengo.
Zolembera zitsanzo
Mabuku ambiri adamasuliridwa ku Russian pamomwe angapangire momwe angapangire kukula kwa bonsai ndi zomwe angayang'ane popanga mawonekedwe.
A. de la Paz adapanga Great Atlas Bonsai. Bukuli lili ndi tsatanetsatane wambiri paukadaulo wopanga mitengo yaying'ono yazinyumba ndi dimba. Chiwerengero cha zithunzi zamitundu yambiri zithandiza woyambira kumvetsetsa bwino bwino chilichonse.
M. Kawasumi adalemba buku "Zinsinsi za Bonsai." Ili ndi zolemba zatsatanetsatane zamomwe mungapangire mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a chomera. Pali zambiri zokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a masitayilo angapo ndikusunga korona.
Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono ali m'buku la M. Zgurskaya "Bonsai. Indoor Floriculture". Wolemba amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe amapangira mitengo yazifupi.
Zolemba pamutuwu zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe kupangika kwa chomera chachilendo chotere kumachitikira, zomwe muyenera kupanga ndi momwe mungazisungire.
Chida chazida
Asanaphunzire za bonsai tanthauzo ndi momwe angalenge, munthu ayenera kukonza zida zina. Choyamba muyenera kupeza mulingo woyenera. Ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yaceramic, chifukwa mphika wotere ndi wokhazikika.
Pantchito, ndibwino kungosankha zida zodalirika komanso zapamwamba zokha
Kukula mtengo wocheperako kumafunikira kukonzekera kwambiri. Muyenera kusungira pa waya, ukonde wa pulasitiki, khasu, zopindika zazikulu, mfuti yopopera komanso chida chothirira. Mpeni wakuthwa ndi ma secateurs amathandizira kukonza mwachangu komanso molondola korona ndi mizu. Ndikofunikira kuchita izi pafupipafupi, chifukwa kukonza nthawi yake kumathandizira kuti mtengowo upange bwino.
Kuyenda mapailosi kumathandiza woyambira kumanga ntchito yawo moyenera. Mu zaluso zotere simungathamangire.
Masitaelo oyambira
Maluwa a Bonsai amatha kuperekedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yachikhalidwe imakhala yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mzere wowongoka, pali thunthu limodzi, ndipo loyambirira, awiri kapena atatu. Nthawi zina thunthu imatha kuwiriridwa kawiri ndikugwirizanitsa ndi korona wamba.
Mtundu wa Nivaki bonsai umafuna mapangidwe ovuta. Kwa iye, nthambi zitatu zokha ndi zinayi pamwamba zimasiyidwa pachingwe chimodzi. Malangizo ndi zowoneka zimakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe mungapangire. Zolemba zatsatanetsatane zokhala ndi zidziwitso paz magawo onse a ntchito.
Zofunika! Musanatsatire kalembedwe kalikonse, ndikofunikira kufufuza mawonekedwe ake onse.
Potseguka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo ya m'munda - chitumbuwa kapena mtengo wa apulo. Kukula kwake, mutha kuyesetsa kupeza zitsanzo zazing'ono komanso zazikulu.
Bokosa wakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi sikuti amangosiyanitsidwa ndi zaka zokha, komanso mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa a thunthu. Chifukwa chake, mbuyeyo sangathe kuchepetsa malingaliro ake ndikupanga zomwe amawona kuti ndizofunikira.
Kunyumba, mutha kupanga mwalawo wosema wa chomera kapena china chofanana ndi icho. Izi zimapereka mawonekedwe apadera kuzomwe zimapangidwira.
Kukonzekera njira
Garden bonsai ku Russia itha kubzalidwa munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Spirea, lilac, peyala ndi shrimp ndizoyenera kwambiri nyengo yam'dzikoli. Amakula bwino, ndipo kudulira kumawathandiza.
Mutha kupanganso mtengo wamtali kuchokera pa juniper. Zomwezi zimatha kukula bwino mchipinda. Chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira nthawi zonse sichimaganizira kwambiri zolakwa mukachokapo.
Mitengo ya payini imapanganso mitengo yazing'ono ya dimba. Ndikofunikira kupanga korona ndi thunthu moyenera, zomwe zimapanga chomera chowoneka bwino.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati mukufuna kuwona maluwa, ndibwino kuti musankhe ma almond kapena yamatcheri. Amakula mosavuta komanso amalola kudulira. Barberry ndiyabwino.
Pa ntchito ficuses wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Ndiosavuta kupeza pamalonda ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera.
Kukonzekera kubzala
Ngati cholinga ndikupeza pepala, mbewu zimakonzedwa. Kuti tichite izi, timanyowa munjira yofooka ya manganese kwa tsiku, pambuyo pake mbewu zazikulu zimasankhidwa ndikubzala pansi.
Mbande ikadzala bwino, imachotsedwa mu nthaka ndipo mizu imadulidwa ndi wachitatu. Ikani odulidwa owazidwa makala amoto. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi yomweyo muzindikire mawonekedwe a korona ndikuchotsa nthambi zowonjezera.
Kubera ndi mizu kumachitika kamodzi pachaka, ndi korona ngati pakufunika. Muyenera kukhala oleza mtima nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zimatenga nthawi yambiri kuti mupange mtengo wamtali.
Munda bonsai
Ngakhale m'dera lokhazikika, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe achi Japan. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha kaye momwe mmera uti udzatumikire.
Zofunika! Muyenera kuyamba kupanga mtengo wochepera pazomera zazing'ono.
Bonsai m'minda imapangidwa kuchokera ku toyesa kapena zowoneka bwino. Kuti izi zitheke, kulumikizana kwa achinyamata mphukira kumachitika, zomwe zingathandize kuti zikule bwino.
Kuti musinthe kukula kwa mphukira, nthambi zimakhazikitsidwa ndi waya pakona komwe mukufuna. Ma secateurs nthawi zonse amadula masamba ochulukirapo.
Munthu aliyense akhoza kupanga bonsai kuchokera ku thuja ndi manja ake. Kuti tichite izi, ndikokwanira kuti iye athe kudziwa mtundu wa mtengowo. Thunthu lake limakulungidwa ndi waya ndipo nthambi zimakhazikikiridwamo kuti zikule mbali zina.
Kufotokozera kwa mitengo yomalizidwa yaing'ono kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Osathamangira ndikuyesera kuti mutenge chithunzi choyenera.
Bonsai iliyonse imatenga nthawi kuti ipange korona molondola
Chovuta kwambiri ndikupanga bonsai yokongola, chifukwa ndikofunikira kudulira nthambi moyenera. Ngati lilac idasankhidwa poyesa kuyesa, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa pasadakhale momwe mungalimbikitsire kutulutsa bwino kwa mtengo ndikukulitsa masango ambiri ndi maluwa.
Ngati munthu sakudziwa kuti bonsai ndi chiyani, komwe angayambire kumene, muyenera kuphunzira kaye mabuku apadera. Mmenemo amapeza mayankho a mafunso onse pamutuwu. Pokhapokha mungathe kupanga mitengo yaying'ono. Bonsai amatha kukhala ndi maluwa okongola omwe amakongoletsa dimba lililonse. Koma kupanga chithunzi chomaliza kumatenga nthawi yambiri.
