Ormbidium orchid: zosankha zokulira ndi kusamalira pakhomo

Orgreen orchid cymbidium imatchulidwa kuti epiphytic. Pafupifupi mitundu 60 ya nyama imapezeka m'chilengedwe. Malo okhala zachilengedwe ku India, Asia, Japan, komanso mapiri a Indochina ndi Australia. Mutha kukula onse osabisika komanso m'nyumba.

Mitundu yayikulu

Ormbidium orchid ali ndi mitundu pafupifupi 100. Zonsezi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutengera mitunduyo, imatha kukhala yoyera kapena yoyera kapena yakuda.

Orchidondo kuthengo

Mitundu yotchuka ikuphatikiza:

• chimphona. Chomera chobadwa ku India chimakula mpaka masentimita 50. Mbewuyo imachita chidwi ndi inflorescence yokongola, yomwe ili ndi maluwa 10-15. Maphalawo ndi utoto wachikaso, pakati wokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira. Duwa limakhala losasamala posamalira;
• pang'ono. Maluwa ndi ang'ono kukula ndi masango opindika a pinki ofewa. Limamasula kwa miyezi isanu (kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Disembala);
• cymbidium otsika. Chitsamba chobiriwira chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira mpaka 70 cm. Pali maluwa pafupifupi 20 okhala ndi mainchesi 10 cm pa peduncle.Miyala ya azitona wachikasu yokhala ndi sitepe yofiyira komanso malo oyera;
• cymbidium yoyera. Ndi yazomera zazitali, zochokera ku Himalayas. Chingwe chokongola komanso chachikulu. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa cymbidium yoyera ndi kukhalapo kwa onunkhira, maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi masentimita 7.5. Pakati pali mtunda wopendekera wachikasu;

Orchid monga gawo lamkati

• Daya. Koyambira ku Southeast Asia. Imakhala ndi maluwa ambiri opindika, pomwe maluwa 15 mpaka 15. Ziphuphu zojambulidwa mu mthunzi wotumbulika wa kirimu, pakati ndi mtsempha wofiirira;
• cymbidium pinki. Pali duwa ku China kapena Thailand. Ma petals amakhala ndi pinki yotuwa yotuwa, pakati ali ndi malo ofiira. Limamasula kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Meyi;
• orchid kusakaniza. Wophatikiza womwe unabisidwa mwangozi;
• Matsenga a Vogels. Ndizosangalatsa ndi utoto wa maanga ndi tint yosangalatsa. Inflorescence ili ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa omwe amafanana ndi mlomo wokutidwa;
• Ice Cascade. Amamera m'nkhalango zakutchire ku Australia ndi Southeast Asia. Masamba a Cascade amaloledwa mumtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Masamba okongola oyera atapachikidwa pa tsinde.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma orchid imakulolani kuti mupange zozizwitsa zomwe zingagwirizane ndi chilichonse chamkati. Ngati ndizosatheka kugula fanizo lamoyo, mutha kukongoletsa chipindacho ndi maluwa okumba kuchokera ku foamiran.

Kusamalira Panyumba

Ormbidium orchid amakonda kubzala pamitengo yotentha. Ndizosowa kwambiri mwachilengedwe kuti mupeze pansi, nthawi zambiri duwa limapezeka pamwala kapena pathanthwe. Popita nthawi, duwa lidayamba kukula m'nyumba, kupereka chisamaliro chofunikira cha cymbidium orchid kunyumba. Muli zigawo zitatu zazikulu:

• kutentha koyenera ndi chinyezi;
• nthaka ndi mavalidwe apamwamba;
• kuyatsa.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi

Zomera zimakonda malo ozizira kuti zikule komanso maluwa. Ndikofunikira kuti pali kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha. Chovomerezeka pakukula kwa mbewu yabwino 18-25 ° C. Kukwera mpaka 30 ° C sikumapweteka duwa. M'nyengo yozizira, kutsika kwa kutentha mpaka 15 ° C kumavomerezeka.

Cymbidium imakonda kukula m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, ndikofunikira kuti chomera chija chimutengere mpweya wabwino ndikulowetsa ngati kutentha kumatsika mpaka 5 ° C. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti panyumba ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chinyontho cha mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, zonyowa zanyumba kapena akasupe ang'onoang'ono m'nyumba ndi koyenera. Ndikothekanso kukulitsa chinyezi chakuya ndikuyika chomera chija mumphika papallet momwe mungayikemo dothi kapena miyala yamiyala yonyowa.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Ndi iti mwa dothi yomalizidwa yomwe ndi yoyenera kubzala cymbidium ndi imodzi mwamafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri. Mu sitolo mutha kupeza gawo lapadera la ma orchid. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito khungwa la paini, mbewa, makala ndi masamba owuma pokubzala. Dothi la cymbidium likhale la sing'anga acid pH5.5-6.5.

Kuti muchotse bwino ndi kukula, duwa limafunikira kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse. Gwiritsani feteleza wapadera. Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa maluwa ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Mutha kugula ma metre omwe apangidwa kale:

• Fertica Crystal. Pangani pambuyo kuthirira osachita bwino munyengo yomwe mukukula. Chidacho sitimadzipereka muyezo wa 0,5 g pa 10 l yamadzi;
• radiopharm. Mavitamini, ma polysaccharides ndi ma amino acid amawonjezeredwa ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu;
• superphosphate. Ikani nthawi yomweyo musanayambe maluwa;
• shuga. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa maluwa. Muyenera kumwa supuni 1 ya shuga ndikuwonjezera 1 lita imodzi yamadzi. Manyowa ndi yankho la shuga kamodzi pa sabata. Kutsanulira feteleza kumangokhala pamizu.

Kudyetsa

Pa nyambo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mayankho apakanthawi. Monga feteleza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:

• madzi adyo. Garlic ndi wolemera mavitamini, ma organic acid, sulufu ndi zinc. Vala imodzi ya adyo imayatsidwa kudzera pa makina osindikizira ndikuwonjezera 1 lita imodzi yamadzi. Siyani kwa mphindi 45. Kenako amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala muzu;
• manyowa akavalo. Sungunulani manyowa pang'ono m'madzi ndi kuthirira mizu. Manyowa owuma amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa ndalama zochepa pamwamba;
• peels kuchokera nthochi. Choyamba, peel iyenera kupukutidwa, kenako ndikudula bwino ndikunyowetsa m'madzi kwa masiku angapo. Kanizani njira yothetsera vutoli, ndikuthira madziwo pansi pa muzu.

Kuwala

Posamalira ma cymbidium orchid, kuunikira kumathandizira. Tchire limakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa; ngati nkotheka, mbewuyo iyenera kuyikidwa pazenera lalikulu kuchokera kumwera chakum'mawa. Masana, duwa liyenera kukhala pang'ono pritenit, ndi dzuwa lowopsa lamoto, chitsamba chimatha kuyaka. Muyenera kusamalira mbewuyo nthawi yozizira, kukonza zowunikira zowonjezera.

Mwambiri, kusamalira kunyumba kwa cymbidium orchid sikungadzetse zovuta kwa oyamba kumene ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamaluwa.

Maluwa a Orchid

Mutha kuwona maluwa otulutsa maluwa mkati mwa chilimwe. Mivi yatsopano pa peduncle nthawi zambiri imawonekera mu June. Phula limatha kukhala ndi ma PC 30. mivi Nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono watsopano titatha kufikira masamba otsiriza.

Maluwa okongola amatha kuonedwa nthawi zambiri pama hybrids. Maluwa owoneka bwino, monga kusintha kwa cymbidium, amatha kuphuka kwa miyezi ingapo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya hybrids:

• muyezo
• pang'ono.

Utoto wa maluwa amakondweretsa ena ndi mitundu yake kupatula mtundu wamtambo.

Chifukwa chiyani maluwa amasaluwa amatulutsa

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale popanda maluwa pamaluwa sikugwirizana ndi boma lotentha. Kuti maluwa atulutsa maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mikhalidwe yofananira ndi chilengedwe chake, kuti izi zipangike. Maluwa atatha, imayamba nthawi yopumira. Pakadali pano, kutentha kumayenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka 10 ° C. Zomera zimafunika kumangirira mphamvu kuti zibweretse maluwa mobwerezabwereza. Pogona, tchire limakhalabe mpaka Epulo, kenako nkudzuka. Ndikofunika kusunthira duwa kumalo otentha.

Mosamalitsa komanso kutulutsa bwino, maluwa amakondweretsa ena ndi maluwa kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi.

Maluwa a Orchid

Kusankha njira

Pofalitsa maluwa a cymbidium, kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chapadera ndikofunikira. Pali njira zingapo zoberekera:

• kugawa chitsamba;
• kubalana ndi mizu;
• ndi mbewu;
• pseudobulbs;
• magawo;
• ndi ana.

Ndikwabwino kuchita kubereka mchaka pambuyo pa nyengo yachisanu. Pambuyo pakupumula, mmera umakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kukula ndi maluwa.

Kugawana kwa mizu

Njira yowonjezerayi ndioyenera zomera zambiri zamkati. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi mababu oposa anayi. Fotokozerani chomera mosamala. Kuti izi zitheke, chitsamba chimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika, mizu imatsukidwa pansi, kenako ndikudula kotero kuti theka lililonse pali pseudobulbs atatu. Tchuthi zatsopano zimayikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Mbewu

Njira imeneyi imatenga nthawi yambiri. Mu chilengedwe, mbewu zimamera chifukwa cha chinkhupule. Mphesa zomwe zimapangidwa mwakapangidwe kakang'ono ndizochepa zopanda michere. Chifukwa chake, nkovuta kukula chitsamba kuchokera pambewu kunyumba.

Kuti muchite bwino, muyenera kukumbukira:

• kumera mbewu kumatenga mpaka miyezi isanu ndi inayi;
• patatha zaka zitatu, mbewuyo imakula;
• pachimake adzayamba ngakhale patatha zaka zitatu.

Ndikothekanso kukula kwa maluwa a mbewu. Ndikofunika kukonzekera pansi poyambira kuwonjezera dothi lophwanyika ndi masamba ake. Komanso dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Kenako, pangani malo abwino. Kutentha kwachipinda kuyenera kukhala 22-25 ° C ndi chinyezi chambiri. Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba anayi, zitsamba zazing'ono zimasinthidwa kukhala mapoto osiyana.

Kupatsirana kwa Orchid

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, duwa limayamba kukula mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, patatha zaka 2-3, kuphatikizira kwa cymbidium ndikofunikira kuti tifulumizitse kukula kwa pseudobulbs yatsopano.

Nthawi zambiri, oyamba kumene amakhala ndi nkhawa za momwe angafotokozere moyenera cymbidium kuti isavulaze mbewuyo. Kudzala orchid mu maluwa atsopano ayenera kukhala mutatha, ndipo kutalika kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumadutsa 50 mm.

Kuthira ma orchid m'mphika watsopano

Kusankhidwa kwa dothi

Kusintha dothi kukhala duwa ndikufanana ndi kupsinjika. Kubzala nthaka kuyenera kukhala ndi izi:

• kupumula;
• ulemu;
• kupepuka;
• kusowa kwa poizoni;
• kukhala ndi malo okhala abwino;
• mulingo woyenera acidity.

Mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera khungwa la paini, mizu ya fern, komanso mbewa. Zosakaniza zonse zimasakanikirana. Monga gawo laling'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi chaching'ono.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zosinthira dothi:

• dothi lakale. Gawo lomaliza limataya michere ndi michere. Kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse, chitsamba chimayenera kulowa m'malo atsopano;
• m'malo mwa nthaka yogula. Mukatha kugula, simuyenera kufesa mbewuyo, ili ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira, koma patatha chaka chimodzi imatha;
• tizirombo kapena matenda. Ngati chitsamba chimamera m'dothi limodzi kwanthawi yayitali, kufalitsa tizirombo ndi kotheka.

Kusankha kwa mphika

Nthawi zambiri, posankha duwa la maluwa, nthawi zambiri limakhala lopanda tanthauzo ndi kukula kwake komanso zomwe amakonda. Koma izi sizikugwira ntchito ndi orchid. Mukamasankha mphika womera maluwa, muyenera kulabadira zinthu zotere:

• pulasitiki. Maluwa a pulasitiki otentha amakhala ndi zabwino zambiri: mizu yake sikakula mpaka makoma osalala, mphika umakhala wotentha nthawi zonse, kuteteza mizu ku hypothermia, zinthuzo zimasunga chinyontho bwino. Koma miphika ya pulasitiki ndi yosakhazikika ndipo satha kupuma bwino;
• dongo. Zachilengedwe zochezeka zimadutsa bwino mpweya, chinyezi mkati mwake sichimayenda. Koma imakhala ndi zovuta zake: imatenthetsa msanga, yomwe imakhudzanso kutuluka kwinyontho mwachangu;
• zoumba. M'malo oyenera dongo. Imasunga chinyontho bwino. Malo otsetsereka amateteza kumera kumera kumaluwa;
• galasi. Kodi ndizotheka kukula maluwa mumaluwa amaluwa - malo osangalatsa. Tankayo ​​ilibe mabowo otayira. Chinyontho chowonjezera chidzatsalabe mumphika, chomwe chizitsogolera mizu.

Orchid cymbidium ndi maluwa okongola omwe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, amakula mwachangu ndi maluwa ake. Chachikulu ndikusankha dothi, mphika ndi malo oyenera kukula.