Rhododendron University of Helsinki ndiye mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu kwambiri. Imalekerera kusintha kwa kutentha komanso kuzizira kwambiri. Imamva bwino ndipo imamasula bwino kwambiri ngakhale atasunthika kwambiri. Koma pakufikira ndi kusiya pali zina zazomwe zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Mbiri yakupezeka
Mbiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imayambira ku Yunivesite ya Helsinki, yomwe panthawiyo idagwirizana ndi Arboretum Mustila. Kulima kosiyanasiyana kunatha kuyambira 1973 mpaka 2000. Zofanizira zokha zomwe zidalipo mu Helsinki Arboretum ndipo zidapulumuka ozizira kwambiri kuyambira 1930 mpaka 1973 ndizomwe zimathandizira kuswana.
Kukula kwa Shrub
Poyamba, mbewu 53 za mitengo yafupipafupi ya rhododendron zidatengedwa kuti zikaberekedwe; 48 wosakanizidwa ndi mitundu 23 yangwiro amasankhidwa kuti apukutitsidwe. Zotsatira za kubereka, mbande 22,000 zakomwe zidapezedwa, pomwe zidakwana 14,000 zokha zomwe zidasankhidwa kuti zitenge nawo gawo pulogalamuyi. Zisanu zazikulu sizinapulumutse mbande 5000. Mwa izi, mbewu zomwe zidalimbikira kwambiri zidasankhidwanso, zomwe 80 zokha ndizomwe zidapezedwa, ndiye zimayang'aniridwa pang'onopang'ono. Pamenepo, mitundu isanu ndi inayi yolimbana ndi chisanu idalembetsa.
Zambiri! Zosiyanasiyana zidatchulidwa polemekeza tsiku lokumbukira University of Helsinki. Mu 1990, adakwanitsa zaka 350. Kuyambira chaka chimenecho, chitsamba chija chidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera minda.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Kutalika kwambiri kwa mtengowo ndi 2 m, pofika zaka 10 chomera chimamera ndi 1-1.5 m.Cili ndi korona woyambira, mulifupi mwake ndi 1-1.5 mamita. Masamba a Rhododendron amakhala obiriwira obiriwira, owoneka, ofika kutalika kwa 15 cm. inflorescence amapezeka pafupifupi maluwa 15. Masamba ake ndi ofiira, amitundu isanu ndi umodzi, mkati mwake muli mawanga ofiira.
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, makamaka, kumwera kwa Finland, maluwa obiriwira otchedwa Rhododendron amadzala pakati pa Juni, kumadera akumpoto nthawi imeneyi kumayamba pambuyo pake. Ngakhale atazizira yozizira, Rhododendron wa Helsinki adzaphuka kwambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Duwa limatha kubzalidwa pafupifupi kumadera onse, chifukwa kutentha kwambiri komwe kumatha kukhalako ndi −39 ° С.
Mankhwala
Rhododendron University of Helsinki sidzangokongoletsa zam'deralo, komanso kuti lipulumutse eni ake ku zovuta.
Zithandizo zomera za chomera:
- bactericidal;
- thukuta;
- zoziziritsa kukhosi;
- antipyretic;
- wopanikiza.
Momwe mungatulutsire
Kuphatikizidwa kwa masamba kumaphatikizapo mafuta ofunikira, ma tannins, ascorbic acid, rutin, arbutin, andromedotoxin, ericoline, osakhazikika, etc.
Tiyi yopangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa ithandizanso ndi chimfine, matenda am'mimba, urolithiasis, komanso ndewu yolimbana ndi matenda a chifuwa cha braphiki.
Tincture wamasamba ndi maluwa amatha kuzikika ndi neuralgia, osteochondrosis, polyarthritis, sciatica, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogona ndi kukokoloka kwachiberekero.
Zofunika! Madzi a Rhododendron mulinso ndi zinthu zapoizoni, chifukwa chake amadzipangira azimayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso.
Kugwiritsa ntchito m'munda
Ku Helsinki University Garden Plot, rhododendron amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa njira ndi zotsatsira. Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi mbewu iliyonse yokongoletsa, imawoneka bwino ndi juniper ndi arborvitae.
Imakula bwino pamithunzi kuposa dzuwa. Kupanga mawonekedwe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti korona wa chitsamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda.
M'mapangidwe
Kusamalira Rhododendron ndi Kukula
Kubzala ndi kusamalira Helsinki Rhododendron University kumayamba ndikusankha malo abwino. Dothi liyenera kukhala acidic - pH kuyambira 4.5 mpaka 6.5. Dothi labwino komanso lonyowa. Potentha, Helsinki rhododendron imafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi, popeza mizu yake ndi yapamwamba. Mulching ingathandize kuchepetsa ntchito yonyowetsa nthaka. Kuti mizu isasokoneze chitukuko cha wina ndi mnzake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tchire limalidwa mtunda wa 1.5 m kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Kudulira kwamaluwa
Ndi tchire tating'onoting'ono tokha ta University Rhododendron timene timafunikira kudulira. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, masamba onse ndi nthambi zowonongeka zimadulidwa pachomera. Ndikofunikira kuti michere iwongoleredwe kukulitsa mizu.
Kudulira
M'tsogolomu, maluwa odulira ndi korona amatha kusiyidwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola ndipo sizifunikira mapangidwe ake ochita kupanga. Kukonzanso chitsamba, kuchotsedwa kwachikale kokha, ndizomwe zimachitika. Amaloledwa kuchotsa zosaposa 25% ya kuchuluka kwa thengo. Malo omwe mabowo ali ndi nthambi zimakonzedwa ndi bustani var.
Simuyenera kudikirira mpaka chomera chokha chitataya ma inflorescence owonongeka, ndibwinonso kudula nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikuthandizani kupulumutsa mphamvu paz maluwa chaka chamawa.
Tcherani khutu! Helsinki University hybrid rhododendron limamasuka mosakhalitsa ngakhale chaka chimodzi.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Rhododendron University of Helsinki amakonda chinyezi chambiri, chifukwa chake kutentha 1 chitsamba mudzafunika pafupifupi malita 10 a madzi katatu pa sabata. Tsiku lililonse madzulo chomera chimapopera mbewu. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, kuthirira sikumafunikira, pokhapokha dothi likauma.
Madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira ndi ofewa, osasweka, acidified ngati nkotheka.
Zambiri! Kuchulukitsa kumayamba nthawi yomweyo mutabzala chitsamba m'deralo. Kuti muwonjezere acidity ya nthaka, calcium, superphosphate ndi ammonium zimawonjezeredwa pamadzi.
Chapakatikati, mbewuyo imadyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous (1: 2). Ndikofunikira kuti musamamwe mankhwala ocheperako, chifukwa feteleza samapangidwa pang'ono.
Feteleza zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu, magnesium ndi calcium zimayatsidwa ndi gawo la 1.2: 1000.
The feteleza ntchito ndi awa:
- 50 g pa 1 m² wa magnesium sulfate ndi ammonium sulfate amayamba kumayambiriro kwa masika;
- 20 g ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate, 40 g wa ammonium sulfate amayamba mu June;
- 20 g ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate amawonjezeredwa mu Julayi.
Kusankha bwino ndikubvala kwapamwamba komwe kumapangidwa ndi manyowa owola pang'ono, omwe amayatsidwa ndimadzi mu gawo la 1:15. Musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza kwa masiku angapo muyenera kumuyika.
Kukonzekera yozizira
M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu sizikumbidwa, zimalekerera chisanu bwino. Komabe, kupewa kupukuta masamba, tchire limakutidwa ndi burlap kapena nsalu zina zomwe zimalola mpweya kudutsa.
Momwe mungakhalire nthawi yozizira
Kuswana
Mwachilengedwe, mbewuyo imafalikira ndi mbewu, kunyumba ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kudula kapena kudula.
Kudula
Mphukira zolowa-zodzaza zimadula mpaka 8 cm, masamba otsika amadulidwa. Wodula umayikidwa mu chotengera chomwe chimakulitsa mizu kwa maola 16. Kuti mupeze mizu, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 3: 1. Zidutswa zimakutidwa ndi mtsuko kapena filimu yowonekera. Nthawi yozala mizu ikuyambira 1.5 mpaka miyezi 4.
Kuyika
Njira yosavuta komanso yachangu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pamtunda. Pofalitsa mwa kuyala, poyambira amatulutsa pafupi ndi chitsamba chamanthu, pomwe gawo laling'onolo limayikiridwa ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi. Mbali yakumtunda ya nthambi imalumikizidwa ndi msomali wolimba. Nthambi ikayamba kuzika, imatha kupatulidwa ndikugawilidwira kumalo ena.
Kusankha kwampando
Malo omwe kukula kwa rhododendron amasankhidwa kukhala amtundu, mwachilengedwe amamera m'nkhalango ya paini, yomwe imalola, koma kudula powala ndi dzuwa. Zitsamba zimamva bwino kumpoto kwa tsambalo.
Tikufika
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Masamba otsatirawa amatha kupatsira Rhododendron wosakanizidwa ku Helsinki University:
- slugs;
- nkhono;
- kangaude;
- chishango chaching'ono;
- njoka ya Rhododendron;
- weevil.
Soko ndi nkhono zimasonkhanitsidwa pachitsamba ndi dzanja, ndipo tizirombo tina zinthu zimavuta. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timafa mphukira zikathandizidwa ndi fungicides, karbofos, koma weevils amatha kuthana ndi diazonin.
Tcherani khutu! Masamba achikasu amawonetsa matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amatha kutha ndikuwonjezera chitsulo chachitsulo, mkuwa wa sulfate kapena citric acid m'madzi kuthirira.
Kupewa mavuto osiyanasiyana
Matenda abwino kwambiri a prophylaxis a ku Finland a Rhododendron ndi kusankha malo oyenera ndikusamalira chomera. Rhododendron imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati ikukula padzuwa, m'dothi lamchere, limadzaza ndi chinyezi kapena feteleza.
Kuwaza
Monga njira yolepheretsa, kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, shrub imachiritsidwa ndi yankho la Bordeaux fluid.
Rhododendron si chomera cha aulesi. Pokhapokha pomamupatsa chisamaliro chapadera, mutha kuyembekezera zotsatira zake. Maluwa odukiza sasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi.
