Masiku ano, maluwa ochulukirapo a orchid ochulukirachulukira amawonekera mnyumba ngati "ziweto zobiriwira", atha kugulika. Mtundu wina wokongola komanso wotchuka ndi phalaenopsis orchid. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kusangalatsa mwini wakeyo ndi maluwa obiriwira pafupifupi chaka chonse. Maluwa okongola osiyanasiyana amatulutsa maluwa kuphuka pamiyeso yomwe imatayidwa ndi mbewu. Komabe, zimachitika kuti mphukira imagwa kapena kuwuma, osaphuka.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kugwa masamba
Oyamba kulima maluwa nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa: bwanji maluwa awo okongola a orchid amagwa ndi zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika kuti duwa lithandizidwe.
Maluwa odabwitsa a maluwa amatulutsa maluwa.
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zodabwitsazi, zambiri mwa izo zimagona posamalira bwino duwa lisanayambe kapena nthawi yamaluwa.
Orchid amatha kumakalamba, ngati zamoyo zonse Padziko lapansi. Ngati shtamb atayandikira malire a kutalika kwa mbewu, ndiye kuti sangakhale ndi mphamvu pang'onopang'ono. Kuvala kolimbitsa thupi komanso njira zina zosamalirira sizingathandize.
Zomwe orchid adabowola masamba koma osaphuka zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwakuthwa mu microclimate, mwachitsanzo, pogula chomera, komanso ndi gawo lopanda bwino lomwe lomwe silimalola kuti mizu ya orchid idye kwathunthu kapena, chifukwa cha kunenepa kwake, imalepheretsa mpweya.
Zofunika! Zowonongeka pamakina, ana, kapena ziweto zimapangitsanso kuti orchid ikhale yosagwira masamba. Ndizosatheka kuyimitsa izi.
Chomera chimatha kuponya masamba osapsa chifukwa chogonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka imvi zowola ndi mealybug, komanso matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus. Kupuma bwino kwa mpweya wabwino komanso kudyetsa kwambiri ma orchid okhala ndi mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni kumapangitsa kuti Phalaenopsis akhale pachiwopsezo cha zovuta izi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphuka masamba ndizotsatirazi.
Kutsirira kolakwika
Awa ndi okhometsetsa kwambiri orchid. Zikuwoneka kuti ziwetozo "sizimamwa", chifukwa, chifukwa chothirira kwambiri, mizu imavunda, ndipo chomera chimatha kutaya maluwa komanso masamba.
Zofunika! Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti, chifukwa cha maluwa athunthu, dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kupukuta, simungathe kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Kutentha kwachipinda
Popeza magawo akutali otentha, maluwa onse amtunduwu ndi ozizira kwambiri. Maluwa akuluakulu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi amapezeka nthawi yozizira, choncho kupeza maluwa panthawiyi kumafunikanso kukonzekera.
Kutentha kwambiri sikungakhalenso bwino kwa maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, ikachulukitsidwa mpaka kufika madigiri 30 (mwachitsanzo, nthawi yotentha), masamba oyamba akale amagwera maluwa, ndiye kuti masamba atsopano omwe akuyamba kukula, amayamba kugwa.
Duwa la Orchid
Sikuti kutentha kwa chilimwe kokha kumadzetsa mavuto ndi thanzi la duwa, nthawi yozizira gawo lake ndi mizu yake (kenako masamba ndi maluwa) limawuma chifukwa choti miphika nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pazenera zowotchera pamwamba pa radiator yotenthetsera.
Zojambula, makamaka ndi mpweya wozizira, zimawonongeranso masamba omwe anali atatsala pang'ono kutsegulidwa. Amatha kugwa kapena kuphuka kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri.
Zofunika! Osasokoneza kukonzekera ndi mpweya wabwino wchipindacho, chofunikira pakukula kwa maluwa.
Kupanda kuyatsa
Mukugwa, chifukwa chomwe masamba a orchid agwa amatha kuchepa kwa nthawi yayitali masana: duwa lokonda kuwala likungowala kuwala. Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amatuluka mumkhalidwewo mothandizidwa ndi nyali zowunikira, nthawi ya ntchito yawo siyochepera theka la tsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, simungadandaule za maluwa omwe akutuluka kale.
M'chilimwe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuwala kwawindzu kuchokera pawindo kumatha kuphukira masamba osakhazikika.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi zina kugwa kwa maluwa ambiri m'mimba kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa maluwa ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimawakhudza iwo. Choyamba, awa ndi tomato ndi nthochi, komanso mitengo ya apulo ndi mtedza.
Maluwa Akusintha Zosankha
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe maluwa amatha kutulutsa masamba osakhazikika chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe amawonekera ndi mawanga ndi ma tubercles pamasamba: amatha kutulutsa chikaso ndikuwuma. Ndikotheka kuthana nawo, ndikuchita kukonza kwa maluwa kuti muchepetse kukula kwa ma pathologies ndi kuchuluka kwa majeremusi pa iwo.
Zoyala za orchid ndi nyali
Ogulitsa pali mitundu yambiri ya othandizira pochizira tizirombo, tonse ndife mankhwala apadera (kuphatikiza fungicides ambiri ku matenda a fungus), komanso zinthu zachilengedwe, mankhwala achilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusangalala ndi mbiri yakale yazikhalidwe zakale.
Mankhwala
Izi ndi mayankho achangu komanso ogwira mtima. Agawika m'magulu anayi a ngozi, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa pazolinga zomwe akukonzekera ndipo mulingo woyenera uyenera kuonedwa, apo ayi mungadzivulaze nokha ndi petenti yobiriwira. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa okonda maluwa orchid ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga:
- Fitoverm;
- Inta-Vir;
- "Aktara";
- Tanrek
- "Wotsimikiza".
Zothandiza kwambiri, komanso zowopsa ndi Actellik, Karbofos, Vertimek.
"Fitoverm" - mankhwala omwe amakonzekera ma orchids
Pokana ndi matenda oyamba ndi maluwa a orchids, fungus ya Phytosporin imagwira ntchito bwino, yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati prophylaxis pakuzula kwazomera ndikudulira pambuyo pake.
Pamodzi ndi mankhwala, kukonzekera kwa bio kuteteza mitundu kumapangidwa. Zomera sizikundikundira, tizirombo sizikula. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa zotithandizira zimathandizira kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira cha ma orchid. Akatswiri a zamalonda amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavuta:
- "Bicol";
- "Bitoxybacillin";
- "Lepidocide";
- Verticillin;
- "Aversectin C";
- Nemabakt.
"Lepidocide" - chamoyo chopangira maluwa
Zithandizo za anthu
Ngati simukufuna kutengera zamankhwala, mutha kuyang'ana kwambiri za wowerengeka pakuthandizira maluwa:
- Yankho la sopo: kuchokera ku madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi 1 tbsp. supuni ya sopo wamadzi (kapena grated nyumba), yomwe imapukusa zimayambira ndi masamba.
Zambiri. Chowongolera wamba chowotchukanso ndichabwino.
- Tincture wa fodya: mpaka magalamu 40 a fodya opakidwa mu fumbi amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi, kuchoka kwa maola 24, kenako kupopera ndi kupopera Phalaenopsis kuchokera botolo lothira.
- Kulowetsedwa anyezi, yosenda mu mbatata yosenda ndi kudzaza 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, kusiya kwa maola 7 ndikugwiritsa ntchito masamba ndi tsinde. Maphunzirowa ndi masiku 3-4, simuyenera kunyamulidwa, pokhapokha mbewuyo ikatha.
- Ma peyala a zipatso zouma (100 magalamu) amathiridwa ndi madzi okwanira kuthira kwa masiku angapo, ndi kulowetsedwa, chomera chodwalacho chimapopera maola angapo sabata limodzi. Mawonekedwe owuma a lalanje ndi tangerine amatha kuphimba pansi mumphika.
- Ma hydrogen peroxide odziwika bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa maluwa ndi mbewu zina zamkati kuti apewe mankhwala opatsirana ndikugawana ndi majeremusi, nkhupakupa ndi tizirombo.
Malangizo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kusamala komanso kusamala kuyenera kuonedwa, apo ayi mbewuyo imayamba kufota pamaso pake.
Maluwa olondola a maluwa
Maluwa a Orchid amatulutsa maluwa ambiri, mpaka maluwa asanu ndi atatu pachomera chilichonse. Mitundu ndi mafungo osiyanasiyana ndi osiyanasiyana. Maluwa amayamba panthawi yomwe duwa layamba maluwa. Imavumbulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono patadutsa maola 24, kuyambira kuchokera kumiyala yapamwamba yapamwamba.
Oyamba kuphukira ndi masamba omwe ali kumapeto kwa maluwa. Kwa masiku angapo, duwa limakula mwachangu, pambuyo pake maluwawo amatengedwa kuti ndi okhwima.
Hydrogen peroxide - njira yodziwika bwino yothetsera wowerengeka wazitsamba
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso malo abwino, kutulutsa kwa Phalaenopsis kumatha miyezi 3-4: inflorescence yatsopano imatsegulidwa, yakale imafota, pambuyo pake chomera "chimapuma" miyezi ingapo ndikuponyanso masamba.
Kusamalira maluwa kwina
Popeza tazindikira zifukwa zomwe duwa limaponya masamba ake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita kuti vutoli lisachitikenso, duwa lidakhala lathanzi ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ake.
Kusamalira maluwa otumphukira kumaphatikizanso kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi ali bwino, boma lotha kuthirira, komanso kutentha kotentha kwa madigiri 22-26. Kufunika kwa hydration kwa duwa kumaweruzidwa ndi kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa makomekete pamakoma a mphika. Potere, kuthirira kumachitika ndikuyika maluwa mumtsuko wamadzi.
Mphepo yozungulira orchid iyeneranso kukhala yothinitsidwa ndi mfuti yopopera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti isunge chinyezi pamlingo wa 45-60 peresenti.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati maluwa a Phalaenopsis akukumana ndi miyezo ndikukondweretsa diso, simuyenera kusamutsira duwa lina kumalo ena - izi zitha kukhala zipsinjo chifukwa chake, ndipo masamba ayamba kugwa.
Kuvala kwapamwamba ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusamalira maluwa okongola awa. Mitengo ya orchid iyenera kudyetsedwa pakakulidwa kwakukuru ndi ma eunion, pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira mtundu uwu wa mbewu. Maluwa adanyowetsedwa mumphika, osakaniza ndi madzi amawonjezeranso pamadzi ndikusiyidwa kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 20, atatha madziwo owonjezera. Kudzinyenga kotereku kumachitika kamodzi pachaka.
Maluwa a Orchid amasangalatsa diso komanso fungo labwino. Komabe, mothandizidwa ndi zina (nthawi zambiri kuchokera zolakwika posamalira), maluwa wamba samachitika. Atazindikira chifukwa chomwe masamba osakhazikika amawauma m'maluwa ndi zomwe angachite, alimi a maluwa ayenera kukonza chisamaliro kuti chisagwenso cholakwa, ndikusangalala kuphukira pa maluwa omwe amawakonda.
