Maluwa a calceolaria - chisamaliro chakunyumba

Duwa lokongola mosadabwitsa koyamba limawoneka ngati laling'ono. Mitundu yowala, mawonekedwe osazolowereka a maluwa ake amatengera chomera chokongola ichi kuti ndi mitundu yambiri ya ma exotic. Maonekedwe a maluwa amachititsa munthu kuganiza kuti duwa lamkati la calceolaria ndi lofunikira komanso labwino kwambiri posamalira. M'malo mwake, njira yochoka ndiyosangalatsa komanso ayi.

Venus woterera

Ndizomwe amachitcha "calceolaria single-flowered" (calceolaria uniflora). Wokonda zachilendo wamapiri adawoneka pamaso pa mitsempha ku South America, ku Tierra del Fuego. Kuchokera ku America, adapita naye ku England, ndipo kukongola kwakunja kukafalikira mnyumba ku Europe.

Tchire ndi laling'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika m'dera lamapiri sizinalole kuti zikule kupitirira 10 cm. Masamba ndi chowulungika, chobiriwira, chosonkhanitsidwa.

Maluwa owala komanso achilendo a calceolaria

Maluwa kutalika kwa 2,5 masentimita kumera pamitengo yayitali. Mtundu wa inflorescence umakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya convex. Phale lam'mwamba laling'ono kwambiri komanso laling'ono, ndipo lotsika limakhala lalitali komanso lozungulira.

Pansi pamiyala, stamens yokongoletsa pakati. Mtundu wake ndi wachikaso, wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira ndi madontho. Kuphuka kwamapiri kumapeto kwa Julayi, pafupifupi milungu isanu.

Mitundu yotchuka ya calceolaria pakukula m'munda

Calceolaria imakulidwa m'mundamo ngati duwa lachaka. Pambuyo maluwa, nyengo yotentha imawononga kukongoletsa chitsamba, kotero chaka chilichonse wamaluwa amasintha kama wawo wamaluwa wamaluwa osadziwika bwino.

Mitundu yaminda yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu, imakhala ndi mtundu wosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescence. Mosiyana ndi calceolaria ya mapiri, dimba limatha kukula mpaka 50 cm, ndikukula m'lifupi ndi 25-35 cm.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya calceolaria:

• Calceolaria mexican (Calceolaria Mexicoana). Wokhalitsa wowoneka bwino wamapiri aku Mexico ndi thermophilic, amakula mpaka 25 cm. Masamba okuta yokutidwa ndi mulu amaikidwa pa nthambi. Maluwa awiri achikasu achikasu mpaka masentimita asanu amayikidwa kumapeto kwa mphukira. Amakonda kukhala ndi mthunzi, malo achinyezi komanso kuteteza mphepo. Maluwa ochulukirapo amapezeka mu Meyi-Juni ndipo amakhala mpaka milungu itatu.
• Calceolaria watakulungika, kapena wokhala ndi masamba onse (Calceolaria Rugosa, Calceolaria Integrifolia). Kukongola kwa ku Chile kumapanga mphukira zophukira mpaka masentimita 25. Masamba ndi owotcha, otanthauza, okhala ndi mitsempha yowonekera. Maluwa m'mimba mwake mpaka 2,5 masentimita, chikasu choyera, chopindika. Maluwa amakhala nthawi yonse ya chilimwe mpaka kuzizira.

Calceolaria single-flower kapena venus slipper

• Calceolaria purpurea (Calceolaria purpurea). Tchire limakula mpaka 50cm ndipo limasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wake wokongola wa masamba ndi mphukira - utoto wofiirira. Masamba amakhalanso ndi utoto wofiirira, wamdima, wopanda mabatani m'mphepete. Inflorescence ya milomo iwiri - petal yam'munsi yatupa komanso ofanana ndi chipolopolo, ndipo mpira wapamwamba wofiirira wagona pamwamba pa wachiwiri. Mtundu wowala simalola kudutsa tchire lokongola m'mundamo.
• Calceolaria Tender (Calceolaria Tenella). Bush osapitirira 8 cm ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amdima omwe atengedwa mu socket. Maluwa amapaka utoto wagolide wachikaso ndi madontho ofiira kapena mikwingwirima.
• Calceolaria acinifolia (Calceolaria Crenatiflora). Woyimira pang'ono wa Chile amakula mpaka 10cm. Masamba okuta pansi, okukulika m'mphepete. Maluwa ofika mpaka 2.5 masentimita, achikasu ndi mawanga amtambo, amilomo iwiri. Maluwa mu Julayi, maluwa amodzi kapena olumikizidwa m'mitundu iwiri 2-5.

Mitundu ya haibridi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanitsa.

Calceolaria: Kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Wokonda chinyezi amafunikira pamtundu wa nthaka, popeza mizu yake imatha kuvunda. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lotayirira momwe kungathekere. Mapangidwe abwino akhoza kukhala osakaniza a:

• peat;
• pepala;
• decusuous humus;
• mchenga;
• mizu ya fern;
• phulusa lamatabwa;
• kaboni woponderezedwa.

Kachitsamba kakang'ono kamabzalidwa ndi kusintha kosawonongeka kumizu m'miphika yaying'ono (osaposa malita 1.2). Mphika uyenera kukhala ndi dambo labwino lokwanira. Khosi la mizu siliyenera kulowa pansi.

Mutabzala, muyenera kupanga malo abwino opanga maluwa ambiri. Maziko osamalira calceolaria ndi kutentha kochepa, chinyezi chambiri komanso kuthirira kambiri.

Kutentha sikokwanira kuposa 23 ° C m'chilimwe ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 7 madigiri. M'nyengo yozizira, matalala komanso maluwa, kutentha kwambiri ndi 14-17 ° C.

Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala chokwera. Komanso, kutentha kwambiri, ndikoyenera kuti chidziwitso chikhale chokwanira. Pamasiku otentha a chilimwe, mphika womwe umakhala ndi calceolaria uyenera kuyikidwa pa thireyi ndi dongo lonyowa ndikusonkhedwa katatu patsiku. Kumwaza kumera kumayenera kukhala kongoti kakang'ono, chifukwa madontho amadzi pamasamba amapangitsa kuti awonongeke.

Kutsirira ndikofunikira pafupipafupi, koma osati kuchuluka. Dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa, koma losanyowa komanso losasunthika muzu. Zotsalira zowonjezera zamadzi ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamtengo.

Kuwala kumakhala kowala koma kupatsa. Mawindo akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa amapereka magetsi oyenera. M'nyengo yozizira, kuyatsa kumafunika kotero kuti maola masana ndi osachepera maola 8.

Kuyambira kuyambira pakudzuka komanso nthawi yonse ya maluwa, calceolaria imafunikira kudya nthawi zonse. Zophatikiza michere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu pamwezi.

Gawo la chisamalowo ndikupanga chitsamba. Mphukira zamtsogolo zimachotsedwa kuti maluwa azikhala amphamvu, ndipo chitsamba sichikulowera m'mbali mwake.

Kudulira kofiyira komwe kumapangitsa kuti maluwa ambiri azikhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu

Kukula

Calceolaria kuchokera ku mbewu zakunyumba zimaberekanso mosavuta kuposa zodulidwa. Musanabzale, muyenera kuganizira kuti nthawi kuyambira nthawi yobzala mpaka maluwa ndiyambira pa miyezi isanu mpaka isanu.

Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa. Tayamba maluwa, calceolaria imadzimbira mumiphika 7 cm. Pambuyo pake, mudzafunika zina zina ndi zina ndi zina za 2-4 ndikukhomekera kwa malo ena kuti mupange mphukira zam'mbali komanso chitsamba.

Thirani yomaliza ndiyofunika kale munthaka yaz michere. Mbande zibzalidwa ndi transshipment. Kusamalira ana kuyenera kukhala koyenera ngati duwa la akulu.

Kodi kubzala calceolaria panthaka komanso motani

Chapakatikati, kutentha kukakhala usiku osachepera 13 ndipo osapitirira 18 digiri, calceolaria ikhoza kubzalidwa poyera ngati mbewu. Amakhala bwino muzu m'nthaka isanakhale feteleza ndi kompositi.

Kulima dimba la calceolaria koyenera madera ofatsa

Panyengo yonse ya maluwa, nyengo yotentha imathandizira kuti duwa likhale bwino. Kutsirira sikuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo.

Kuphatikiza feteleza ndi michere ya mchere kumafunika nthawi yonse ya maluwa kawiri pamwezi. Kubzala ndi kusamalira nyumba ya calceolaria yomwe idakulidwa nthangala nthawi yomweyo pamalo osiyasiyana sikumabzala mmera. Chachikulu ndichakuti musalole mbewu kuti ivunde mu dothi ndi kuyatsa okwanira.

Calceolaria: chisamaliro cha dzinja

Colceolaria ndi duwa yemwe nthawi zambiri amakula ngati pachaka, pomwe limamwalira maluwa atatha maluwa. Ngati pali chikhumbo chofuna kusiya zodabwitsazi za chaka chamawa, mutatha maluwa, muyenera kukumba calceolaria ndi kudzala mumphika.

Chitsamba chowuma chimabisala kwa miyezi ingapo, panthawiyi chisamaliro cha calceolaria ndi motere:

• ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zonse ndi masamba azomera;
• ikani mphikawo pamalo ozizira komanso amdima (+ 5-7 ° C);
• kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, koma popanda chiopsezo chowuma padziko lapansi;

Zikafika mphukira zoyambirira, chisamaliro chokwanira chimabwezeretseka:

• mphika umayikidwa pamalo otentha;
• kutsirira kumakhala kokhazikika;
• chinyezi chachikulu chimasungidwa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda

Tizirombo tofala kwambiri pamasamba a calceolaria ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zovala zoyera. Ngati kuchuluka kwa tizilombo pa masamba a masamba kwangoyambira kumene, ndibwino kuzichotsa pamanja. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa masamba kudachitika, chithandizo chokhala ndi maantigenidid sichitha.

Pambuyo pokonza, ndikofunikira kupenda chisamaliro cha duwa ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa tizirombo kuti chisawonekenso pa kukongola kwachikondicho.

Kusamalidwa kosayenera kumathandizira matenda. Kuchuluka chinyezi ndi kuthirira kumayambitsa imvi zowola. Kuchulukitsa kwa nayitrogeni mu nyambo kumapangitsa mawonekedwe a imvi.

Talent calceolaria siyabwino kwa onse wamaluwa. Iye siotentheka, koma amakonda chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Posinthanitsa, amapereka chibwenzi chake ndi maluwa ambiri komanso achikondi. Maluwa achilendo amawoneka okongola kwambiri pabedi lamaluwa m'mundamo kapena pazenera la nyumbayo. Alendo oseketsa - umu ndi momwe obereketsa ozolowera luso adadzitchulira zokonda zawo.