Zomera Zanyumba za Citrus - Kusamalira Panyumba

Anthu aphunzira kulima mitengo yazipatso m'nyumba nthawi yayitali. Amakula bwino mchipindacho, amakula mwachangu, amagonjera, kukucha komanso kusangalatsa omwe amapereka ndi zipatso zokoma. Chimodzi mwazodziwika bwino ndizomera zamkati za zipatso.

Mitengo ya citrus imamera ku India, Australia, China, Japan, malo otentha kapena malo otentha. M'magawo awa, nthawi zonse kumakhala kotentha komanso konyowa, kuwala kokwanira dzuwa pachaka chonse. Zipatso zokoma ndi zonunkhira zimamera pamitengo ndi zitsamba. Mitengo pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe imakula mpaka 12 m.

Zomwe zikukula pamimba za zipatso ndi monga kukula kwake; kusakhazikika kwa achinyamata mphukira kumasinthika ndi nthawi yopumira.

Zipatso zopanga tokha

Zipatso za citrus makamaka zimakonza mbewu, zimatha kubala mbewu kangapo pachaka.

Kuti mupeze zipatso, ndibwino kugula mbande zokhazikitsidwa kapena mizu yodulidwa ya Zipatso.

Maluwa amakhala awiriwa.

Ngakhale zipatso zambiri za MaCitrus zimadzipukuta zokha, olima maluwa amalimbikitsa kupukutidwa. Izi zidzakulitsa zipatso.

Nthawi yakucha zipatso imatenga miyezi isanu mpaka isanu ndi inayi.

Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu, komanso kudula ndikumalumikiza.

Mitundu ya Ma citrus a Kunyumba

M'nyumba mumamera mitundu yambiri ya zipatso. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi:

• zipatso
• chitowe;
• tangerine kapena mauna a zipatso;
• kumquat kapena fortunella;
• calamondine kapena citrofortunella;
• mandimu
• chipatso cha mphesa.

Matenda a Citrus

Matenda amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa thupi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi, kapena, kuphatikiza pazinthu zina.

Zizindikiro zochulukirapo kapena kusowa kwa zinthu zina:

• Masamba achikulire ndi osalala komanso achikaso. Izi ndichifukwa chakusowa kwa nayitrogeni. Ngati mphukira yachangu ikuwoneka mwachangu, mbewuyo ikuwundana ndipo siyiphuka, ndiye kuti nayitrogeni ochulukirapo m'nthaka ndiotheka.
• Masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikuwonekera, maluwa ndi ofooka. Kuperewera kwa phosphorous m'nthaka. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri, chomera chimakula ndikukula;
• Tsamba lamasamba limakhala lokhota, maenje amapangika pa iye, makatani amawoneka pa tsamba limodzi ndi mitsempha, nthambi zina zimafa, masamba amatsika nthawi yamaluwa. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa chosowa potaziyamu. Ndi kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu, kuwotchedwa necrotic kumawoneka m'mphepete mwa tsamba;

Tsamba la mandimu ndikusowa potaziyamu

• Kukula kwa masamba osalimba achitsikana, kumwalira kwa mfundo zokulira kumayambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa calcium ndi boron;
• Ndikusowa kwa chitsulo, manganese, zinc kapena sulufule, masamba a chlorosis amawoneka (mitsempha yobiriwira ikuwoneka bwino pamasamba achikasu), mphukira zazing'ono zimafa.

Matenda a chomera cha macitrus amatha chifukwa cha tizirombo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• chisoti komanso chinyengo chabodza (mawonekedwe a phula pamasamba ndi nthambi);
• mealybug (mawonekedwe a zotupa zoyera m'makhola amaso);
• nsabwe za m'masamba (zazing'onoting'ono zazing'onoting'ono tambiri);
• kangaude (mawonekedwe a madontho achikasu pamasamba, utoto wokuyera umaonekera pansipa).

Matenda a fungus ndi monga:

• malseko (nthambi zimakhala zakuda, kenako zimayamba kuuma);
• kuzindikira kwa chingamu (mawonekedwe amadzimadzi kuchokera pachilonda pa nthambi ndi thunthu);

Kuzindikira kwa ma Gum

• anthractosis (mawonekedwe a mawanga onyowa papepala, omwe pamapeto pake amaphatikizika limodzi);
• powdery mildew (wokutira oyera pamasamba).

Ngati matenda atapezeka, ndikofunikira kusintha kuthirira ndi kuvala kwapamwamba pamtengowo. Ndi matenda a fungal, nthambi zowonongeka zimachotsedwa ndipo fungicides imalapidwa.

Kusamalira Ziphuphu Zam'nyumba

Kuti zipatso zamkati zimere bwino komanso kubala zipatso, ndikofunikira kukonza kuthirira kolondola, kuyatsa, komanso kukhazikitsa kutentha ndi chinyezi chokwanira.

Njira yothirira

Zithirira mbewu ziyenera kukhala zopumira komanso zokhazikika. Sakonda chilala, koma kuthilira kwamadzi ndikosavomerezeka kwa iwo. Chizindikiro cha kuthirira ndi dothi louma lokwanira. M'chilimwe, kuthirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira - ngati kuli kofunikira, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti dothi siliphwa.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi

Kuti mbewu zikule bwino ndipo zipatso zanu zikhale, kutentha kozungulira kuyenera kukhala kosiyaniratu ndi +18 mpaka + 22 ° C. Pamwambamwamba komanso pamunsi kumatsogolera pakulepheretsa kukula kwa chomera.

Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, mphika wamaluwa umatha kutengedwera kunja kwa loggia kapena khonde.

Ndikofunikira kukhalabe chinyezi pafupifupi 70%. Kuti muchite izi, m'chilimwe, pukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa, ikani chinyontho pafupi ndi poto wamaluwa kapena utsiwulira mbewuyo ndi madzi ofewa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakukula. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitidwa m'nthaka isanakhale yonyowa.

Kuti mukhalebe ndi microflora yopindulitsa gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala a Baikal kapena East EM-1.

Mutha kudyetsa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Kuti muchite izi, tengani kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa a mahatchi pamlingo wa 100 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Finyani feteleza kwa masabata awiri.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa a nkhuku kapena manyowa a ng'ombe mu gawo la 40 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre.

Feteleza ndi michere michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana masiku 10 aliwonse.

Ma nitrous mankhwala sangagwiritse ntchito maluwa. Nthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imafunikira phosphorous ndi calcium.

Zomera zachisanu

M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kutsitsidwa. Ngati chipindacho chili chofunda, ndiye kuti mitengoyi imayenda bwino kwambiri. Popeza photosynthesis ya zipatso imachedwa pang'ono nthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo simalandira mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, mtengowo ukathetsedwa, izi zitha kubweretsa imfa yake.

Nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa nthawi yopumula. Zimatenga Novembala mpaka Febere. Kenako nkhuni zimacha mu malalanje, mphukira zazing'ono sizikula.

Kutentha kwa mpweya panthawiyi kumasungidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa zipatso. Kukhalabe tsiku lowala maola 12 kuti ma citruse akonze zowunikira.

Bone Orange Kunyumba

Mtengo wa lalanje ukhoza kubzalidwa kunyumba kuchokera ku mbewu ya lalanje yomwe idagulidwa m'sitolo. Komabe, pankhaniyi siphuka patadutsa zaka 700. Mumphika, umatha kutalika mpaka 3 mita.

Mtengo wa lalanje

Ngati mukufuna kuti mbewuyo ichite mwachangu, ndibwino kubzala malalanje kapena kuifalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito kudula. Katemera kapena mutabzala zodulidwa, mbewuyo imaphuka m'zaka 3-4.

Zoyenera kumera mphukira ya lalanje

Kuti mukule kumera, muyenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi:

1. Kukonzekera kwa mbeu;
2. Kukonzekera dothi ndi zotengera zokulira mbande;
3. Kubweza mbewu;
4. Kufesa chisamaliro;
5. Idumphira pansi ndikuyika ndi mmera womalizidwa.

Ndikwabwino kubzala lalanje kumayambiriro kasupe kuti kuwala kwachilengedwe kwa mbande ndikwanira.

Momwe mungasankhire chipatso cha kukhwima komwe mukufuna ndikulekanitsani fupa

Kuti mupeze njere, muyenera kutenga zipatso zokhwima bwino, popanda zowonongeka ndi zowola. Malalanje opsa ali ndi fungo labwino, amalemera kwambiri. Chipatsocho chimayenera kupakidwa utoto mopanda banga.

Mbewu zimasankhidwa mozungulira kwambiri, wamkulu komanso wamkulu. Amamasulidwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera pa zamkati, kutsukidwa m'madzi ndikunyowetsedwa kwa maola 12-24 m'madzi kapena yankho la Epin kapena zina zokupatsani mphamvu. Kutsetseka kumafewetsa chipolopolo chakunja cha mbewu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewuzo zimere mwachangu.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi kusakaniza ndi kusankha kwa mphika

Nthaka yobzala ingagulidwe ku malo ogulitsira, mutha kuchita nokha. Kukonza dothi losakaniza pogwiritsa ntchito pepala lapansi, mchenga ndi peat, otengedwa chimodzimodzi, kapena pepala ndi peat.

Pofesa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi mabowo okwirira.

Kukonzekera Mbeu

Pansi pa mphikawo panagona dongo la dothi lokwakulitsidwa, vermiculite, etc. Nthaka imathiridwa pamwambapa ndikuwokoka pang'ono.

Kubzala ndi kukula mbande

Mbewuyi ibzalidwe mosazama, mpaka akuya masentimita 1-1,5.

Miphika yokonzekera imayikidwa m'malo otentha. Kuunikira pagawo lino sikuchita gawo. Kuti apange kuthekera kwa wowonjezera kutentha, amaphimbidwa kuchokera kumtunda ndi chidutswa cha polyethylene kapena botolo la pulasitiki lodulidwa.

Mutha kumera mbewu zisanachitike. Kuti muchite izi, ikani chovala mumtsuko, chomwe chimakhala chosalala. Mbewu zimayikiridwa, zomwe zimakutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Konzani wowonjezera kutentha. Pakupita milungu ingapo, mbewuzo zimamera. Pambuyo zikamera, mbande zimasunthidwa kumalo abwino.

Masamba awiri akaoneka, mbande zimafunikira kukongoletsedwa, masamba 4 akaoneka, amasinthidwa ndikusunthidwa kumalo okhazikika.

Mbande za mtengo wa lalanje

Miphika yokhala ndi mbande imayikidwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa zenera.

Kutsirira regimen kwa mafupa ndi mphukira

Pakumera mbuto, dothi sayenera kudula ndi kuthilira madzi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ndi nthawi dziko lapansi limapoperedwa ndi madzi kuchokera mfuti yoluka. Pambuyo zikamera, nthaka iyeneranso kukhala yonyowa pang'ono.

Chisamaliro chakunyumba cha Citrofortunella (Calamondin)

Kalamandin ndi chiyani

Chomera china chamitengo yobiriwira chokhala ndi dzina lokongola ndi - macalamondin malalanje. Zinkawoneka ngati chifukwa chodutsa mbewu za kinkan ndi mandarin. Amatchedwanso Chinese tangerine ndi golide lalanje. Kukula mzipinda, komanso minda yozizira. Itha kuwonetsedwa mu mawonekedwe wamba kapena mawonekedwe a bonsai.

Bonsai calamondin

Mu vivo, imakula kuyambira 3 mpaka 7 m, kunyumba - kuchokera pa 0.6 mpaka 1.5 m.

Maluwa ndi oyera, odzipukuta.

Chipatso cha calamine ndi lalanje mu utoto, wozungulira, wothinikizidwa pang'ono ndi pansi, mpaka kukula kwa 4.5 cm. Thupi limakhala acidic, lomwe limakhala ndi magawo 6-8, wokutidwa ndi khungu lonyentchera.

Chisamaliro

Citrofortunella amakula bwino m'nyumba. Kusamalidwa kwa kalaline ndikupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuti zikule ndikukula zipatso.

Kuwala

Chimodzi mwazofunikira posamalira calamine kunyumba ndiko bungwe lounikira. Maola a masana sayenera kukhala ochepera maola 12, kotero kuti nthawi yozizira pamafunika kuunikira kochita kupanga. M'chilimwe ndikofunikira kuti muziyika chosakanizidwa m'munda. Malowa akhale otetezedwa pang'ono kuti dzuwa lisayang'ikire mbewu.

Njira yotentha

Nthawi yakula, kutentha kozungulira kuyenera kukhala pamtunda kuchokera +18 mpaka 27 ° С. Ngati kutentha kwatentha, mbewuyo imataya zipatso.

Chipatso cha kalanje

Nthawi yonse yopuma, matenthedwe amasinthidwa kukhala + 10-15 ° C.

Momwe mungamwere

Nthaka yomwe ili mumphika iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Thirani mbewu m'chilimwe tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira - osapitirira nthawi imodzi mu masabata 1-2.

Kuthirira, madziwo ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso kutentha kwa chipinda. Mukathirira, madzi omwe adathira mu poto amachotsedwa. Ngati mpweya ndi wouma, ndiye kuwonjezera utsi korona.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulima nthawi 1 m'masiku 7-10. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta wa zipatso za zipatso.

Kusakaniza kwa lapansi

Nthaka yake ndi yosatenga mbali. Mutha kutenga primer yapadera ya zipatso. Kuti mukonzere dothi lokha, tengani 2 malo a malovu ndi gawo limodzi la manyowa ndi mchenga.

Momwe mungasamalire mtengo wa mandimu kunyumba

Kusamalira mandimu, monga zipatso zina zilizonse, kumakhala mu dongosolo loyenererana bwino ndi momwe limakhalira. Mitundu yoyenera kwambiri kukula mu nyumba ndi Pavlovsky, Eureka ndi Maykop.

Mtengo wa mandimu

Kuwala

Masana masana a mtengo wa ndimu ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 12. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi mazenera akumwera chakumwera ndi kumwera chakumadzulo.

Dzuwa lolunjika siziyenera kuloledwa kugwera pamasamba achomera. Ngati mphika wamaluwa uli pazenera lakumwera, ndiye kuti m'chilimwe muyenera kudula zipatso. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kowonjezereka kumapangidwira nthawi yamadzulo.

Njira yotentha

Panthawi yamaluwa, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kozungulira osapitirira 20 ° C, apo ayi kutentha kwambiri kudzapangitsa kuti maluwa agwe.

M'nyengo yozizira, matenthedwe kuchokera ku +14 mpaka + 16 ° С adzakhala okwanira ndimu.

Momwe mungamwere

Kutengera kutentha ndi kuwuma kwa mpweya, kuthirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse muchilimwe kapena kamodzi masiku 2, nthawi yozizira - 2 kawiri pamwezi.

Ndikofunika kuyeretsa masamba kuchokera kufumbi ndi dothi osachepera 1 pamwezi. Izi zikuthandizira kukonza photosynthesis.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Pakukula bwino kwanyengo, ndikofunikira kuti ndizovala zapamwamba ndizophatikiza zam'mimba nthawi 1 m'milungu iwiri mukukula (kuyambira March mpaka Sepemba). Feteleza umathiridwa pambuyo kuthirira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa a ng'ombe ndi kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa la nkhuni. Feteleza bwino kwambiri.

Kusakaniza kwa lapansi

Poika mandimu, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osakanikira kapena pangani nokha. Kuti muchite izi, peat, turf ndi tsamba lamasamba, mchenga umasakanikirana mofanana.

Mandarin: kulima kunyumba ndi chisamaliro

Ichi ndi citrus china chomwe chimakula bwino mnyumbamo ndikupatsa zipatso zokoma ndi zonunkhira.

Kuwala

Malo abwino kwambiri pazomera ndi kumwera, kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa zenera. Nthawi yakula, ndikofunikira kuteteza mandarin ku dzuwa. Kuteteza, zenera limakutidwa ndi gauze. M'dzinja-nthawi yachisanu imafunikira zowunikira zowonjezera.

Mtengo wa Tangerine

Njira yotentha

Kutentha kwambiri pakupanga mandarin ndi + 20 ° C. Kuti mutule bwino, ndibwino kukhazikitsa kutentha m'chipindacho + 16-18 ° C. Kuti ikhale yozizira, zipatso zimafunika kutentha kwa + 14-16 ° C.

Momwe mungamwere

Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi ofunda mchilimwe tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira - kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Dyetsani mbewuyo kuyambira mu Epulo ndipo imatha mu Seputembara-Okutobala. Pakati pogona, ma tangerine samadyetsedwa. Mukapanda kuthira manyowa, zipatsozo zimakhala zowawa.

Kusakaniza kwa lapansi

Pakulima gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yapadera ya zipatso. Pakukonzekera dothi lokha palokha pezani masamba awiri a dothi lamtunda, gawo limodzi la humus, mchenga ndi sod.

Mtengo wa mphesa kunyumba

Monga zipatso zilizonse zamtchire, zipatso za mphesa zimamera ndi kubereka zipatso pokhapokha ngati zipatso zake zingakule bwino.

Kuwala

Masana masana ayenera kukhala maola 10-12. M'nyengo yozizira, amakonza zoti zichitike usiku, ngati kunja kuli mitambo - tsiku lonse.

Zipatso zodzimanga

Njira yotentha

Panyengo yachilimwe-nyengo yotentha, kutentha kuyenera kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana + 20-27 ° С, nthawi yozizira - + 4-8 ° С.

Momwe mungamwere

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, koma osati madzi. M'chilimwe, kuthirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse, nthawi yozizira - nthawi 1 pa theka la mwezi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Manyowa chomeracho nthawi imodzi mosabvuta kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba sikumachitika.

Kusakaniza kwa lapansi

Monga zipatso zina zilizonse, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mandimu. Podzikonzekeretsa, amatenga mbali zofanana dothi ndi humus, magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba ndi gawo la ½ mchenga.

Kuwona malamulo osavuta a chisamaliro cha zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso, mutha kubzala mitengo yaying'ono yabwino kunyumba yomwe ingasangalatse anthu obwera ndi zipatso zokoma ndi onunkhira.